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Edited by

Simonpietro Agnello

Department of Physics and Chemistry – Emilio Segrè

University of Palermo

Palermo

Italy

This edition first published 2021

© 2021 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey

Published simultaneously in Canada.

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Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data Applied for

ISBN: 9781119697329

Cover design by Wiley

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Ten years of experience in a basic laboratory course of spectroscopy for master’s students in physics as well as some courses for PhD students in physics and materials science together with more than 20 years of experimental work in physics and materials science convinced me of the opportunity to join the different basic aspects and technical approaches for the characterization of materials in a book. My contact with scientists in physics, chemistry, engineering, biology, and many other research fields emphasized the need to collect accurate and broad knowledge on spectroscopic techniques both from the fundamental point of view and from the technical perspective to impart the skills required to think about experiments, to interpret their results, and last but not least to advance theoretical knowledge. Motivated by these aspects, I started the project by inviting different experts in the various fields of spectroscopy, usually employed in the study of materials from the nanoscale up to the macroscopic scale and also in the field of astrophysics. In general, any atom, molecule, or condensed phase up to a solid needs to be characterized, from the species identification to structural definition and electron dynamics. Consequently, this practice‐oriented handbook collects the presentation of different spectroscopic techniques nowadays used to carry out experiments and is thought for master’s students, PhD students, and researchers who are not yet experts in the field of spectroscopy. Each chapter is a standalone contribution dedicated to a different technique and is composed of a basic theory introduction at a level adapted to students, plus more advanced information for experts. Then, details about the characteristic instrumental features and apparatus are considered, aiming to give hints for the appropriate arrangement of a typical experiment and, in some cases, for the understanding of the choice of an instrumental setup and the selection of technical features. Each chapter is completed by case studies that can be reproduced by employing commercially available or laboratory‐prepared samples, or by examples of applications mainly from the above‐cited fields of materials science, chemistry, and engineering. Furthermore, hints for the deepening one’s understanding of the topic with more specialist books are given along the way.