Jan Bellows - Feline Dentistry

Figure 1.37 Right maxillary and mandibular apical and coronal directions.

Illustration 1.2 Tooth anatomy and direction nomenclature.

Vestibular/Buccal/Labial

Vestibularis the correct term referring to the surface of the tooth facing the vestibule or lips ; buccaland labialare acceptable alternatives. The term “facial” specifically refers to the surfaces of the rostral teeth visible from the front. According to Dr. A.J. Bezuidenhout, a veterinary anatomist at Cornell University, “facial” is a bit of a misnomer. Traditionally “facial” has been used in human dentistry for the aspect of teeth visible from the front, i.e. incisors and canines.

Lingual/Palatal

Lingual: The surface of a mandibular or maxillary tooth facing the tongue is the lingual surface. Palatal can also be used when referring to the lingual surface of maxillary teeth.

Mesial/Distal

Mesialand distalare terms applicable to tooth surfaces. The mesialsurface of the first incisor is next to the median plane; on other teeth it is directed toward the first incisor. The distalsurface is opposite from the mesial surface.

Rostral/Caudal

Rostraland caudalare the positional and directional anatomical terms applicable to the head in a sagittal plane in non‐human vertebrates. Rostralrefers to a structure closer to, or a direction toward, the most forward structure of the head. Caudalrefers to a structure closer to, or a direction toward, the tail ( Figures 1.36and 1.37) ( Illustration 1.2).

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