Prof. Lars O. Nord - Carbon Dioxide Emission Management in Power Generation

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Provides an engaging and clearly structured source of information on the capture and storage of CO2 <br> <br> Designed to bridge the gap between the many disciplines involved in carbon dioxide emission management, this book provides a comprehensive yet easy-to-understand introduction to the subject of CO2 capture. Fit for graduate students, practicing process engineers, and others interested in the subject, it offers a clear understanding and overview of thermal power plants in particular and of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) in general. <br> <br> Carbon Dioxide Emission Management in Power Generation starts with a discussion of the greenhouse effect, climate change, and CO2 emissions as the rationale for the concept of CCS. It then looks at the long-term storage of CO2. A chapter covering different fossil fuels, their usage, and properties comes next, followed by sections on: CO2 generation, usage and properties; power plant technologies; theory of gas separation; power plant efficiency calculations; and classification of CO2 capture methods. Other chapters examine: CO2 capture by gas absorption and other gas separation methods; removing carbon from the fuel; pre- and post-combustion CO2 capture in power cycles; and oxy-combustion CO2 capture in power cycles. <br> <br> -Discusses both CO2 capture technologies as well as power generation technologies <br> -Bridges the gap between many different disciplines?from scientists, geologists and engineers, to economists <br> -One of the few books that covers all the different sciences involved in the capture and storage of CO2 <br> -Introduces the topic and provides useful information to the academic as well as professional reader <br> <br> Carbon Dioxide Emission Management in Power Generation is an excellent book for students who are interested in CO2 capture and storage, as well as for chemists in industry, environmental chemists, chemical engineers, geochemists, and geologists. <br>

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α heat-to-power ratio kW h/kW e
α i,j membrane selectivity of components i and j for gas mixture
картинка 9 heat of reaction kJ
η cap,e CO 2capture efficiency —, %
η efficiency —, %
η cap CO 2capture ratio —, %
η is isentropic efficiency —, %
η p polytropic efficiency —, %
κ ratio of specific heats, c p /c v
λ excess air ratio
ξ friction factor
ρ density kg/m 3
σ ionic conductivity S/m
σ inj CO 2formation by combustion per tonne of CO 2injected t CO 2by combustion/t CO 2injected
σ store CO 2formation by combustion per tonne of CO 2stored t CO 2by combustion/t CO 2stored
ϕ equivalence ratio (1/ λ)
φ ratio of additional oil or gas to CO 2injected t fuel/t CO 2
χ CO 2generated per lower heating value of fuel kg CO 2/MJ
ψ CO 2formation by combustion per tonne of CO 2 t CO 2/t fuel
ω ratio of recycled CO 2to stored CO 2 t CO 2recycled/t CO 2stored

Abbreviations

ACGIH American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
AEPD 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propandiol
AMP 2-amino-2-methyle-1-propanol
AMPD 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propandiol
Ar Argon
ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers
ASU air separation unit
ATR autothermal reforming
AZEP advanced zero emission power plant
BGL British Gas Lurgi
BoA Braunkohlekraftwerk mit optimierter Anlagentechnik (lignite-fired or Brown coal-fired power station with optimised plant engineering)
BOD biological oxygen demand
CA carbonic anhydrase
CAR ceramic autothermal recovery
CC combined cycle
CCS carbon dioxide (CO 2) capture and storage
CF correction factor (considers real gas effects)
CFB circulating fluidised bed
CFBC circulating fluidised bed combustion
CH 4 methane
CHP combined heat and power
CLC chemical looping combustion
CLM contained liquid membrane
CO carbon monoxide
CO 2 carbon dioxide
COS carbonyl sulfide
CPO catalytic partial oxidation
DCC direct contact cooler
DEA diethanolamine
DEG diethylene glycol
DGA diglycolamine
DIPA diisopropylamine
DRA drag reducing agent
ECBM enhanced coal bed methane
ECO economiser
EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
EG ethylene glycol
EGR enhanced gas recovery
EMC electrochemically modulated complexation
ENCAP ENhanced CAPture project
EOR enhanced oil recovery
ESA electric swing adsorption
ESP ElectroStatic Precipitator
EU European Union
EVA evaporator
EXH exhaust (gas)
FBHE fluidised bed heat exchanger
FGD flue gas desulfurisation
GDP gross domestic product
GE General Electric Company
GHG GreenHouse Gas
GWP global warming potential
H 2 hydrogen
H 2O water
H 2S hydrogen sulfide
HCN hydrogen cyanide
HEED hydroxyethylethylenediamine
HEEU hydroxyethylethyleneurea
Hg mercury
HHV higher heating value
HP high pressure
HR heat rate
HRSG heat recovery steam generator
HSE health, safety, and environment
HPT high-pressure turbine
HT high temperature
HTC hydrotalcite
HTS high-temperature water-gas shift
HTW high-temperature Winkler
HV heating value (?)
ICE Internal combustion engines
IEA International Energy Agency
IEA GHG International Energy Agency Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme
IGCC integrated gasification combined cycle
IL ionic liquid
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IP intermediate pressure
IPT intermediate pressure turbine
IRCC integrated reforming combined cycle
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ITM ion transport membrane
IUPAC International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
LHV lower heating value
LIDAR light detection and ranging
LNG liquefied natural gas
LP low pressure
LPT low-pressure turbine
LT low temperature
LTS low-temperature water-gas shift
MCM mixed conductive membrane
MDEA methyl diethanolamine
MEA monoethanolamine
MHI Mitsubishi heavy industries
MIX mixer
MOFs metal–organic frameworks
MMV measurement, monitoring, and verification
MP medium pressure
MWGS membrane water-gas shift
N/A not available
N 2 nitrogen
N 2O nitrous oxide
NB nota bene (Latin for pay attention, take notice)
NETL National Energy Technology Laboratory
NG natural gas
NGCC natural gas combined cycle
NH 3 ammonia
NIOSH US National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
NIMBY not in my backyard
NO nitric oxide
NO x term for mono-nitrogen oxides – NO and NO 2
NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology
NTP normal temperature (298.15 K or 25 °C) and pressure (1 atm)
O 2 oxygen
OSHA US Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OSPAR name of both, a commission and convention for the protection of the marine environment of the north east Atlantic
PCC pulverised coal combustion
PE polyethylene
PEI polyethyleneimine
PFBC pressurised fluidised bed combustion
pH measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution
PI polyimide
PLONOR pose little or no risk to the environment (a list of substances/preparations used and discharged offshore, which are considered to pose little or no risk to the environment; it is prepared and released by OPAR)
POX partial oxidation
PP polypropylene
PRE pre-reformer
PS polysulfone
PSA pressure swing adsorption
PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene, also known by the DuPont brand name Teflon
RTI Research Triangle Institute
RTIL room temperature ionic liquids
SACS saline aquifer CO 2storage programme, monitoring the sleipner CO 2injection project
SCOC semi-closed oxy-combustion
SCR selective catalytic reactor (for the removal of NO and NO 2)
SE sorption-enhanced
SERP sorption-enhanced reaction process
SEWGS sorption-enhanced water-gas shift
SF supplementary firing
SFGD seawater flue gas desulfurisation
SMR steam methane reforming
SNCR selective non-catalytic reduction
SO 2 sulfur dioxide
SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
SPECC specific energy penalty
SR steam reforming
ST steam turbine
STP standard conditions for gases; standard temperature (273.15 K or 0 °C) and pressure (10 5Pa) as defined by IUPAC (McNaught 1997)
SUP super-heater
TEA triethanolamine
TEG triethylene glycol
THAM tri(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane
THF tetrahydrofuran
ThOD theoretical oxygen demand
TIT turbine inlet temperature
TSA temperature swing adsorption
TSIL task-specific ionic liquid
US United States (refers to USA)
USA United States of America
VPSA vacuum pressure swing adsorption
VSA vacuum swing adsorption
WGS water-gas shift
YSZ yttria-stabilised zirconia

Organisation and Use of Book

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