Mechanical and Dynamic Properties of Biocomposites

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Edited by

Senthilkumar Krishnasamy

Rajini Nagarajan

Senthil Muthu Kumar Thiagamani

Suchart Siengchin

Editors

Dr. Senthilkumar Krishnasamy

Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Anand Nagar

626126 Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu

India

Prof. Rajini Nagarajan

Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Anand Nagar

626126 Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu

India

Dr. Senthil Muthu Kumar Thiagamani

Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Anand Nagar

626126 Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu

India

Prof. Suchart Siengchin

King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok

Department of Materials & Production Engineering

1518 Pracharat 1

Wongsawang Road, Bangsue

10800 Bangkok

Thailand

Cover

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© xieyuliang/Shutterstock, Cargo Rocket Takes Off © 3D sculptor/Shutterstock, Wood background

© Engin_Akyurt/9440 images/Pixabay

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Print ISBN:978-3-527-34626-4

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Adelani A. Oyeniran1 and Sikiru O. Ismail2

1Cranfield University, Department of Advanced Mechanical Engineering, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Wharley End, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK

2University of Hertfordshire, Centre for Engineering Research, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Engineering, College Lane Campus, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK

The use of composites in industrial applications has evolved tremendously over the years, due to the quest for better material performance and cost reduction. They have been found to have exceptional properties in terms of their physical and mechanical properties. Simply put, composites describe a heterogeneous material that comprises two or more different materials that are combined within a single system such that the new material formed now has improved properties, which are suitable for an intended application. The materials that are combined to form a composite material are known as fiber and matrix, reinforcement and binder as commonly called, respectively. The matrix material could be either a natural or synthetic polymer, while fiber material could be glass, boron, or carbon, among others (synthetic type); hemp, jute, flax, among natural type; organic; or ceramic [1]. The increasing use of composite materials in industries has been traced to the fact that they have light weight, and possess high strength as well as exceptional corrosion resistance and acoustic properties, which make them preferred to metallic and alloy materials. Their applications now span into marine, power/energy, automobile, security, aerospace, telecommunications, sport/game, military industries, among others.

Biocomposite has been defined as a composite with at least one of its components derived from biological or natural sources [1]. Their main features that drive research interest are the fact that they are biodegradable, renewable, cheap, and have natural/sustainable resources. These features underscore their environmental friendliness. Some examples of natural fibers frequently used in biocomposites are caraua, sisal, jute, abaca, and kenaf, among others [2]. Other natural fibers used in biocomposites are hemp, agave, and flax, among others [3]. Some natural fibers have been identified in the literature to be used only for craft production and these include kenaf, agave, coir, ramie, and caraua fibers [3].

Table 1.1 Commonly used natural fibers and their mechanical behaviors.