Small Animal Surgical Emergencies

29 Chapter 30Figure 30.1 (a) Right lateral and (b) ventrodorsal thoracic radiographs of a...Figure 30.2 Sedated oral examination findings and therapy.Figure 30.3 (a) Normal canine external nose anatomy. The size of the nostril...Figure 30.4 Elongated soft palate in a brachycephalic breed. The soft palate...Figure 30.5 Endoscopic airway examination of a brachycephalic dog. The shiny...Figure 30.6 Patient positioned in sternal recumbency for transoral surgery. ...Figure 30.7 (a) A three‐year‐old male castrated Bulldog with brachycephalic ...Figure 30.8 (a) Folded flap palatoplasty. A portion of the oropharyngeal muc...Figure 30.9 A brachycephalic animal with stenotic nares. The red lines indic...Figure 30.10 Location of punch biopsy placement for nares resection.Figure 30.11 (a and b) A 16‐week‐old French Bulldog before and after aggress...Figure 30.12 Diagnostic and therapeutic steps for continued dyspnea followin...

30 Chapter 31Figure 31.1 Cadaver specimen of canine larynx rostrocaudal view. In this spe...Figure 31.2 (a) Following skin incision the subcutaneous platysma and paroti...

31 Chapter 32Figure 32.1 Laryngeal fracture (white arrows) following a dog bite to the ne...Figure 32.2 Fracture of the hyoid apparatus.Figure 32.3 Thoracic radiographs of a dog that sustained laryngeal trauma fo...Figure 32.4 Ventral laryngotomy to resect scar tissue present in the cranial...Figure 32.5 Ventral laryngotomy closed with cruciate suture.Figure 32.6 Permanent tracheostomy performed in a dog with severe scar tissu...

32 Chapter 33Figure 33.1 Tracheoscopy in a 14‐year‐old male castrated Yorkshire Terrier s...Figure 33.2 Extraluminal ring prosthetics are shown sutured to the trachea f...Figure 33.3 A series of lateral radiographic images demonstrating guidewire ...Figure 33.4 A series of lateral radiographic images of intraluminal stent pl...Figure 33.5 Lateral radiographic image of a dog that has experienced a stent...

33 Chapter 34Figure 34.1 Algorithm for stabilization of pleural space disease. CT, comput...Figure 34.2 A single lateral thoracic radiograph of a cat showing a large vo...Figure 34.3 Equipment for thoracocentesis, including butterfly catheter, thr...Figure 34.4 Thoracostomy tube placement with the excess skin pulled craniall...Figure 34.5 Placement of a chest tube (MILA Inc.) using a Seldinger techniqu...

34 Chapter 35Figure 35.1 Intraoperative view of the cat in Figure 35.5 showing a circumco...Figure 35.2 Diaphragm visualized from the thoracic cavity. Patient is in ste...Figure 35.3 Diaphragm visualized from the abdominal cavity. Patient is in do...Figure 35.4 Left lateral view of the thoracic cavity showing the orientation...Figure 35.5 (a) Right lateral and (b) ventrodorsal thoracic radiographs of a...Figure 35.6 (a) Left lateral thoracic radiograph of the cat in Figure 35.1. ...Figure 35.7 Ultrasound examination of the right fourth intercostal space of ...Figure 35.8 Intraoperative view showing preplacement of a red rubber feeding...

35 Chapter 36Figure 36.1 Diagnostic and therapeutic approach for cats and dogs diagnosed ...Figure 36.2 Pleural fluid cytology from a five‐year‐old female spayed Persia...Figure 36.3 Pleural fluid cytology from a five‐year‐old female spayed Persia...Figure 36.4 Right lateral thoracic radiograph of a feline patient with pyoth...Figure 36.5 Thoracoscopic image of a canine pyothorax during VATS with exten...Case Figure 36.1 (a) Ventrodorsal and (b) right lateral radiographs of a thr...Case Figure 36.2 Median sternotomy of a three‐year‐old Weimaraner with pyoth...

36 Chapter 37Figure 37.1 The arteries of the right canine thorax.Figure 37.2 The arteries of the left canine thorax.Figure 37.3 Ventrodorsal (a) and right lateral (b) radiograph of a dog that ...Figure 37.4 Ventrodorsal (a) and right lateral (b) radiograph of a dog which...Figure 37.5 Direct smear of an acute hemorrhagic thoracic exudate. Red blood...Figure 37.6 Direct smear of a chronic hemorrhagic thoracic exudate. A large ...

37 Chapter 38Figure 38.1 Algorithm of the classification, stabilization, and treatment of...Figure 38.2 (a) Right lateral and (b) ventrodorsal radiographs of a 12‐year‐...Figure 38.3 Diagram of “inspiration” and “expiration” showing the relationsh...Figure 38.4 (a) Right lateral and (b) ventrodorsal radiographs of a five‐yea...Figure 38.5 (a) Right lateral and (b) ventrodorsal radiographs of a six‐year...Case Figure 38.1 (a) Right lateral and (b) ventrodorsal thoracic radiographs...Case Figure 38.2 A pulmonary bulla was found near the base of the cranial po...Case Figure 38.3 A partial lung lobectomy being performed with a TA30 V3 sta...Figure 38.6 Thoracoscopic image of a pulmonary bulla of the lung during thor...Figure 38.7 A 3.5‐year‐old female spayed Siberian Husky with a history of he...Figure 38.8 A typical thin‐walled pulmonary bleb noted on exploratory thorac...

38 Chapter 39Figure 39.1 Anatomy of the right lung; (a) lateral and (b) medial aspect....Figure 39.2 Anatomy of the left lung; (a) lateral and (b) medial aspect.Figure 39.3 (a) R Lateral and (b) Ventrodorsal thoracic radiographs of a thr...Figure 39.4 (a) A two‐year‐old female spayed mixed‐breed dog was presented f...Figure 39.5 A necrotic, torsed lung lobe is isolated through a right sided t...Figure 39.6 A thoracoabdominal stapler (TA™ 30) is used to perform a complet...Case Figure 39.1 Right lateral thoracic radiograph that shows dorsal displac...Case Figure 39.2 Ventrodorsal thoracic radiograph that demonstrates soft‐tis...Case Figure 39.3 Isolation of the thoracic duct following injection of methy...

39 Chapter 40Figure 40.1 Initial skin incision to perform a lateral thoracotomy in the fi...Figure 40.2 The latissimus dorsi muscle is (a) isolated and (b) incised.Figure 40.3 The fifth rib is identified by the location of termination of th...Figure 40.4 The scalenus and serratus ventralis muscles have been incised ov...Figure 40.5 (a) The internal intercostal muscle and pleura are identified af...Figure 40.6 Sutures of 0 or 2‐0 polydioxanone are preplaced around the ribs ...Figure 40.7 To aid in closure of the thoracotomy, an assistant can place tra...Figure 40.8 Following closure of the scalenus and serratus ventralis muscles...Figure 40.9 An incision is made from the manubrium to the xiphoid process. T...Figure 40.10 The sternebrae can be cauterized to establish a cutting line fo...Figure 40.11 Ventral mediastinal attachments are identified during initial a...Figure 40.12 (a) The wire is preplaced in a simple interrupted pattern aroun...Figure 40.13 The scope cannula and obturator are introduced in a paraxiphoid...Figure 40.14 A lung lobectomy is being performed by hand suturing technique....Figure 40.15 (a) A TA 55 stapling device has been placed and is being used t...

40 Chapter 41Figure 41.1 Algorithm for stabilization of chest wall disease. IV‐Intravenou...Figure 41.2 Intercostal nerve block. The intercostal nerve runs along the ca...Case Figure 41.1 Lateral thoracic radiographs: (a) right and (b) left. Sublu...

41 Chapter 42Figure 42.1 Pectus excavatum in a cat. The head is pointed to the right and ...Figure 42.2 (a) Lateral and (b) ventrodorsal projections of a patient presen...Figure 42.3 The frontosagittal index is the ratio of the width of the chest ...Figure 42.4 Two parallel rows of four to six holes are drilled into the exte...Figure 42.5 Sutures are passed blindly around the sternum by maneuvering off...Figure 42.6 To prevent the sutures from pulling through the sternal cartilag...Figure 42.7 A towel clamp can be placed on the xiphoid process to aid in ven...Figure 42.8 The ends of the circumcostal sutures are passed through the hole...Figure 42.9 The sutures are securely tied on the ventral aspect of the splin...Figure 42.10 The ventrum of a kitten 28 days following placement of an exter...

42 Chapter 43Figure 43.1 Flail chest physiology: the paradoxical motion of the flail ches...Figure 43.2 Placement of a heavy suture around the fractured ribs. The needl...Figure 43.3 A frame can be built with methyl methacrylate and applied to the...Figure 43.4 The frame can be built with tongue depressors. The outside of th...Figure 43.5 An aluminum frame has been built to support the flail chest. The...