Кущ Т.Ю., Воловник М.С. Основы английского языка для судовых электриков (1998)

35. / 12 мин./ Парная работа. Читая друг другу предложения, по очереди устно переводите каждое, не глядя в книгу.

1. The temperature had been raised by 20° before the explosion occurred. 2. Before the exhibition closes 80 to 90,000 people will have attended it. 3. We have learned with regret... 4. In spite of all our efforts we have been unable ... 5. The conditions seem to have been poorly chosen. 6. This method has recently been adopted as an alternative to the conventional procedure for routine use. 7. A paper dealing with this matter has appeared. 8. The method of cleanness has not been widely used, but has been shown capable of giving clean surface. 9. As the load increases, the speed decreases, until at full load the motor is operating at a speed g. 10. The motor is connected to the line in reverse direction while it is rotating in the forward direction. 11. This method is not practical for synchronous motors where the field is revolving. 12. If both ac generators are running at the required speed, all the three sets of lamps should go on & off at the same time. 13. The machines which have been unused for long period of time must be kept in a dry place. 14. It is suspected that moisture has got into the machine.

36. / 6 мин./ Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу глаголами из списка, приведенного в конце задания.

1. Magnetism ... to man for many centuries. 2. After Gilbert’s discoveries many scientists ... numerous contributions to the study of magnetism. 3. The principles they ... ... possible the many applications of magnetism. 4. When the machine ... as a motor the applied voltage is V=E A+I AR. 5. In the preceding articles the characteristics of the three types of motors... with. 6. Physicists ... the structure of many atoms. 7. A generator is a source of electromotive force whereas the voltage across a resistance in which a current... is'potential difference. 8. This type of machine design ... practically, because the voltages produced ... low. 9. The rotor conductors ... at exactly the same speed as the rotating field. 10. This ... that the generators ... again out-of-step with each other. 11. When magnetic couples ... as the alternators, their output voltage ... between pre-set limits. 12. Development ... actively on economic methods of providing variable-speed drives.

a) has not been adopted, b) will be rotating, c) are becoming, d) indicates, e) are, f) is proceeding, g) are operating, h) is maintained, i) has been known, j) have made, k) is operating, 1) have investigated,

m) is flowing, n) have been dealt, o) discovered, p) made.

37. / 10 мин / Парная работа. Обсудите с партнером основные требования по составлению и оформлению делового письма. Обратите внимание на формы выражения благодарности, сожаления, отказа, просьбы и т.д.

38. / 35 мин./ Прочтите текст и составьте схему возможных поломок и способов их обнаружения и устранения.

Тrouble-Shooting & Repair Part 11

/6/ Excessive overload. When too much load is placed on a motor not having an overload device, the motor will hum & stall. An overload condition may be really determined by connecting an ammeter in the circuit & noticing whether the ammeter registers & higher current [eading than the one recorded on the same plate of the motor. A shorted winding will likewise cause a large reading. It is assumed, however, that previous tests have shown that the windings are neither shorted nor grounded.

/V Worn or tight bearing. A worn sleeve bearing may be discovered by attempting to move the shaft up & down by hand. If the shaft moves, it indicates a worn bearing or possibly-Ka worn rotor shaft. In either event new bearings are required. Quijfe often, sludge will accumulate in the worn part of the bearing'& may prevent an up-&-down motion of the shaft. In this case the motor is disassembled so that the rotor is resting in one end plate.

While removing a sleeve bearing care should be exercised to press out the old bearing through the side of the end plate having the larger opening & to remove any screws that may prevent the bearing from coming out easily.

The new sleeve bearing is set in place by pressing the bearing into the end plate. The bearing is pressed in to the proper distance from the side of the end plate having the larger opening.

When a bearing is allowed to become dry from lack of oil, the motor shaft may heat & expand to such a degree that it welds itself to the bearing. To repair such frozen bearing, the end plate & bearing must be knocked loose from the shaft. The shaft is then smoothed up, & a new bearing is installed.

/8/ End plates improperly mounted. /См. зад. 18./

/9/ Bent rotor shaft. A bent rotor shaft may be suspected if the rotor does not turn by hand after it has been determined that the end plates are on properly. To determine whether the shaft is bent, rotor is removed from the motor & placed in a lathe. To locate the bend, a special gauge made for this purpose is held close to the shaft while it is rotating in the lathe. If no such gauge is available, a piece of chalk can be held near the shaft. The bent portion of the shaft will touch the chalk during rotation & thus be marked.

A bent shaft may be repaired by securely mounting the rotor between centers in a lathe. The pressure exerted in bending the shaft back into position must be carefully controlled. Usually, the bending should be done a little at a time, until the shaft is straight. This method should be employed only for small rotors; otherwise, the lathe centers may be damaged.

Ключи

4 - acdijlno

5 - bdfgjnrzb’c’d’

6 - acfj

14 - A-1-4, 2-5, 3-1, 4-3, 5-2;B-l-2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, 5-1; C-l-3; 2-2, 3-1; 4-5; 5-4; D-l-2; 2-5; 3-3; 4-4; 5-1; E-l-3; 2-4; 3-2; 4-1;

22 - 2, 3, 6, 12

27 - may be obtained, is known, causes, is tested, is favoured, suffer, may form, decreases, is indicated

28 - Dear sirs, This is to inform you that a small fire broke out on the ship as a result of a short circuit in the electric wiring. We managed to bring the fire under control almost immediately. However, some cargo was damaged by the fire. We calculated that our loss amounts to $ 1,500 as per enclosed list. As the eventual loss by fire has been encluded in the Ensurance Policy please arrange for insurers to visit our ship as soon as possible to avoid delaying departure of the vessel.,Yours faithfully, Master.

35 - 5. Повидимому, условия плохо подобраны. 6. В настоящее время для каждодневного использования принят этот метод вместо обычного. 7. Опубликована статья, рассматривающая этот вопрос.

8. До сих пор этот метод очистки не был ш и рокот р и менен, но было показано, что он способен обеспечить чистую поверхность.

36 - И, 2j, Зор, 4к, 51, 61, 7m, 8а, е, 9b, 10d, е, 11 g, h, 12f.

Тестовые задания 5

1. Напишите письмо с просьбой подготовив Вам запасной комплект подшипников к определенной машине на Вашем судне. Объясните, почему Вы думаете, что причина плохой работы дви-гм^ля заключена в подшипниках. Можете пригласить инспектора (surveyor), чтобы уточнить причину неполадок. Не забудьте указать все необходимые данные для заказа, оговорить сроки и условия оплаты и доставки. Оформите письмо и конверт по всем правилам. ( 8 - 10 предложений)