Сергей Плохий: Chernobyl

17. David Marples, Belarus: From Soviet Rule to Nuclear Catastrophe (London, 1996), 46–52; Josephson et al., An Environmental History of Russia , 263–266.

18. Darst, Smokestack Diplomacy , 179; “NOVARKA and Chernobyl Project Management Unit Confirm Cost and Time Schedule for Chernobyl New Safe Confinement,” European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, April 8, 2011, http://archive.li/w2pVU; “Chernobyl Confinement Reaches Final Stage, But Funds Need Boost,” World Nuclear News , March 17, 2015; “Chernobyl Donor Conference Raises Extra $200 Million for New Safe Confinement Project,” Russia Today , April 30, 2015, https://www.rt.com/news/254329-chernobyl-sarcophagus-project-funding.

19. Darst, Smokestack Diplomacy , 135.

20. Marples, “Nuclear Power Development in Ukraine: Déjà Vu?”

21. Hartmut Lehmann and Jonathan Wadsworth, “Chernobyl: The Long-Term Health and Economic Consequences,” Centre Piece Summer, 2011, http://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/cp342.pdf; Marc Lallanilla, “Chernobyl: Facts About the Nuclear Disaster,” LiveScience, September 25, 2013.

22. Alexis Madrigal, “Chernobyl Exclusion Zone Radioactive Longer Than Expected,” Wired , December 15, 2009, https://www.wired.com/2009/12/chernobyl-soil; Serhii Plokhy, “Chornobyl: A Tombstone of the Reckless Empire,” Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, April 21, 2016, www.huri.harvard.edu/news/news-from-huri/248-chornobyl-tombstone-of-reckless-empire.html.

EPILOGUE

1. Alexander J. Motyl, “Decommunizing Ukraine,” Foreign Affairs , April 28, 2015.

2. David Lochbaum, Edwin Lyman, Susan Q. Stranahan, and the Union of Concerned Scientists, Fukushima: The Story of a Nuclear Disaster (New York, 2014).

3. James Conca, “Bill Gates Marking Progress on Next Generation of Nuclear Power—in China,” Forbes , October 2, 2015.

Acknowledgments

My gratitude goes first to those who helped me most with this book. My wife, Olena, and my literary agent, Jill Kneerim, believed in this project from the very beginning. Hennadii Boriak of the Institute of Ukrainian History in Kyiv and Olha Bazhan of the Central State Archives of Public Organizations of Ukraine helped me gain access to Communist Party and government documents. Andrii Kohut and Maria Panova were equally helpful in providing access to KGB files pertaining to the catastrophe. Orest Hrynewych, managing director of the Ukrainian Institute of Modern Art in Chicago and a nuclear engineer of many years’ experience, helped me grasp the basics of the industry to which he has dedicated a good part of his life. Olga Bertelsen, a postdoctoral fellow at the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute in 2016–2017, read the entire manuscript and made excellent suggestions on how it could be improved. Myroslav Yurkevich, as always, did an excellent job of editing my prose. Financial support granted by the Harvard Department of History, the Ukrainian Research Institute, and the Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies helped me complete the project, and Cory Paulsen at the Department of History and M. J. Scott at the Ukrainian Institute did their best to make those funds available.

I was very glad to work once again with Lara Heimert and her wonderful Basic Books team, including Brian Distelberg, Roger Labrie, and Alia Massoud. At Perseus Books my thanks go to Collin Tracy and Kathy Streckfus. They did an outstanding job of editing the book and guiding it through the publishing process. Needless to say, I alone am responsible for any shortcomings, of which I hope there are not too many.

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First published in the United States of America by Basic Books, an imprint of Perseus Books, LLC, a subsidiary of Hachette

Book Group, Inc. 2018

First published in Great Britain by Allen Lane 2018

Copyright © Serhii Plokhy, 2018

The moral right of the author has been asserted

William Daniels/The New York Times/Redux/eyevine

ISBN: 978-0-241-34903-8