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Сергей Плохий - Chernobyl

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Название:
Chernobyl
Автор:
Сергей Николаевич Плохий
Издательство:
Penguin Books Ltd
Жанр:
Биографии и Мемуары / на английском языке
Год:
2018
ISBN:
9780241349038
Рейтинг книги:
3 / 5. Голосов: 1
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Chernobyl: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

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From a preeminent historian of Eastern Europe, the definitive history of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster
On the morning of April 26, 1986, Europe witnessed the worst nuclear disaster in history: the explosion of a reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Soviet Ukraine. Dozens died of radiation poisoning, fallout contaminated half the continent, and thousands fell ill.
In Chernobyl, Serhii Plokhy draws on new sources to tell the dramatic stories of the firefighters, scientists, and soldiers who heroically extinguished the nuclear inferno. He lays bare the flaws of the Soviet nuclear industry, tracing the disaster to the authoritarian character of Communist party rule, the regime's control of scientific information, and its emphasis on economic development over all else.
Today, the risk of another Chernobyl looms in the mismanagement of nuclear power in the developing world. A moving and definitive account, Chernobyl is also an urgent call to action.

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21. Smagin, in Medvedev, The Truth About Chernobyl , 173.

22. Aleksandr Esaulov, in Shcherbak, Chernobyl' , 82–83.

23. Liudmyla Ihnatenko, in Alexievich, Voices from Chernobyl , 8–9.

24. Esaulov, in Shcherbak, Chernobyl' , 83–84; Vozniak and Troitskii, Chernobyl' , 207–208.

25. Shcherbak, Chernobyl' , 109–110.

26. Nadezhda Mel'nichenko, “Pripiat ' 1986: Ėvakuatsiia. Vospominaniia ochevidtsa,” Taimer , April 26, 2013.

27. Liudmila Kharitonova and Volodymyr Voloshko, in Medvedev, The Truth About Chernobyl , 138, 141, 149.

28. Valerii Legasov, “Ob avarii na Chernobylskoi AES,” tape no. 1, Elektronnaluia biblioteka RoyalLib.Com, http://royallib.com/read/legasov_valeriy/ob_avarii_na_chernobilskoy_aes.html#0; Chornobyl's'ka katastrofa v dokumentakh , 204–209.

29. Esaulov, in Shcherbak, Chernobyl' , 84–86.

30. “Sniato 26 aprelia 1986 g. v gorode Pripiat',” YouTube, April 26, 1986, published April 14, 2011, www.youtube.com/watch?v=XxGObvkLTg0; “Pripiat: Ėvakuatsiia, April 27, 1986,” YouTube, April 27, 1986, published April 25, 2011, www.youtube.com/watch?v=xAxCWNNyCpA.

31. Aneliia Perkovskaia, in Shcherbak, Chernobyl’ , 90; Babakov, “V nachale mne ne poveril dazhe syn”; Chornobyl’s’ ka katastrofa v dokumentakh , 207.

32. “Sniato 26 aprelia 1986 g. v gorode Pripiat',” YouTube.

33. Liubov Kovalevskaia, in Shcherbak, Chernobyl' , 90; Liubov Kovalevskaia, “Preodolenie,” in Chernobyl': Dni ispytanii i pobed , Kniga svidetel'stv (Kyiv, 1988), 77; “Sniato 26 aprelia 1986 g. v gorode Pripiat',” YouTube.

34. Elena Novoselova, “Nikolai Ryzhkov: Razdalsia zvonok pravitel'stvennoi sviazi—na Chernobyle avariia,” Rossiiskaia gazeta , April 25, 2016.

35. Ivan Hladush to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, April 28, 1986, TsDAHO, Kyiv, fond 1, op. 25, no. 2996; Andrei Illei, “V trudnyi chas,” in Chernobyl': Dni ispytanii i pobed , 121.

36. “Informatsiine povidomlennia KDB URSR do TsK KPU,” April 28, 1986, Z arkhiviv , no. 23, 69–70.

CHAPTER 10: TAMING THE REACTOR

1. Gennady Shasharin, in Grigori Medvedev, The Truth About Chernobyl , foreword by Andrei Sakharov (New York, 1991), 192–193.

2. Valerii Legasov, “Ob avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AĖS,” tape no. 1, Elektronnaluia biblioteka RoyalLib.Com, http://royallib.com/read/legasov_valeriy/ob_avarii_na_chernobilskoy_aes.html#0.

3. Aleksandr Liashko, Gruz pamiati: Vospominaniia , vol. 3, Na stupeniakh vlasti , part 2 (Kyiv, 2001), 354; A. Perkovskaia and Iu. Dobrenko, in Iurii Shcherbak, Chernobyl': Dokumental'noe povestvovanie (Moscow, 1991), 88–89; Anatoly Zayats, in Medvedev, The Truth About Chernobyl , 193; Valentyna Kovalenko, in V. Ia. Vozniak and S. N. Troitskii, Chernobyl': Tak ėto bylo. Vzgliad iznutri (Moscow, 1993), 235.

4. Liashko, Gruz pamiati , vol. 3, part 2, 356; Colonel Filatov and M. S. Tsvirko, in Medvedev, The Truth About Chernobyl , 194–195; Zhores Medvedev, The Legacy of Chernobyl (New York, 1990), 56; N. P. Baranovskaia, Ispytanie Chernobylem (Kyiv, 2016), 35.

5. Anastasiia Voskresenskaia, “Vertoletchik—likvidator Chernobyl'skoi avarii: ‘My vstali v karusel' smerti,’ ” Zashchishchat' Rosiiu , April 26, 2016, https://defendingrussia.ru/a/vertoletchiklikvidator_avarii_na_chernobylskoj_aes-5793.

6. Medvedev, The Truth About Chernobyl , 194.

7. Legasov, “Ob avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AĖS,” tape no. 1; Shasharin, in Medvedev, The Truth About Chernobyl , 201–202.

8. Legasov, “Ob avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AĖS,” tape no. 1.

9. V. M. Fedulenko, “Koe-chto ne zabylos',” Vklad kurchatovtsev v likvidatsiiu avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AĖS , ed. V. A. Sidorenko (Moscow, 2012), 74–83.

10. Ibid.; Shasharin in Medvedev, The Truth About Chernobyl , 201–202.

11. “Iz rabochei zapisi zasedaniia Politbiuro TsK KPSS, April 28, 1986,” in R. G. Pikhoia, Sovetskii Soiuz: Istoriia vlasti, 1945–1991 (Novosibirsk, 2000), 429–431.

12. Medvedev, The Truth About Chernobyl , 194; Baranovskaia, Ispytanie Chernobylem , 35–36.

13. Shcherbak, Chernobyl' , 154.

14. Baranovskaia, Ispytanie Chernobylem , 31–32.

15. Report by Captain A. P. Stelmakh, deputy chief of the Prypiat police department, in Chornobyl's'ka katastrofa v dokumentakh, faktakh ta doliakh liudei. MVS (Kyiv, 2006), 425–426.

16. Fedulenko, “Koe-chto ne zabylos'.”

17. Leonid Kham'ianov, Moskva—Chernobyliu (Moscow, 1988); Chornobyl's'ka katastrofa v dokumentakh , 277.

18. Fedulenko, “Koe-chto ne zabylos'.”

19. Tatiana Marchulaite, in Vozniak and Troitskii, Chernobyl , 205; Aleksandr Esaulov, in Shcherbak, Chernobyl' , 233.

20. Kham'ianov, Moskva—Chernobyliu ; Chornobyl's'ka katastrofa v dokumentakh , 277.

21. Lina Kushnir, “Valentyna Shevchenko: ‘Provesty demonstratsiiu 1-ho travnia 1986-ho nakazaly z Moskvy,’ ” Ukraïns'ka pravda , April 25, 2011.

22. Liubov Kovalevskaia, in Shcherbak, Chernobyl' , 104.

23. Kushnir, “Valentyna Shevchenko.”

CHAPTER 11: DEADLY SILENCE

1. Zhores A. Medvedev, Nuclear Disaster in the Urals (New York, 1980); Kate Brown, Plutopia: Nuclear Families, Atomic Cities and the Great Soviet and American Plutonium Disasters (New York, 2013), 231–246; V. A. Kostyuchenko and L. Yu. Krestinina, “Long-Term Irradiation Effects in the Population Evacuated from the East-Urals Radioactive Trace Area,” Science of the Total Environment 142, nos. 1–2 (March 1994): 119–125.

2. Chernobyl ˝ skaia atomnaia ėlektrostantsiia: Kul'turnoe i zhilishchno-bytovoe stroitel'stvo. General'nyi plan poselka (Moscow, 1971), 11.

3. “25 Years After Chernobyl, How Sweden Found Out,” Radio Sweden—News in English, April 22, 2011, http://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=2054&artikel=4468603; Serge Schmemann, “Soviet Announces Nuclear Accident at Electric Plant,” New York Times , April 29, 1986, A1.

4. “First Coverage of Chernobyl Disaster on Soviet TV, April 1986,” YouTube, published April 29, 2011, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4PytcgdPuTI; Stephen Mulev, “The Chernobyl Nightmare Revisited,” BBC News, April 18, 2006, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4918742.stm.

5. “Iz rabochei zapisi zasedaniia Politbiuro TsK KPSS, April 28, 1986,” in R. G. Pikhoia, Sovetskii Soiuz: Istoriia vlasti, 1945–1991 (Novosibirsk, 2000), 429–431.

6. Mikhail Gorbachev, Memoirs (New York, 1996), 189; Elena Novoselova, “Nikolai Ryzhkov: Razdalsia zvonok pravitel'stvennoi sviazi—na Chernobyle avariia,” Rossiiskaia gazeta , April 25, 2016.

7. Wayne King and Warren Weaver Jr., “Briefing: Airline Business as Usual,” New York Times , April 21, 1986; William J. Eaton, “PanAm and Aeroflot Resume Direct US-Soviet Air Service,” Los Angeles Times , April 30, 1986.

8. “Festive Flight to Moscow Resumes US-Soviet Air Service,” New York Times , April 30, 1986.

9. Schmemann, “Soviet Announces Nuclear Accident at Electric Plant.”

10. “Statement by Principal Deputy Press Secretary Speakes on the Soviet Nuclear Reactor Accident at Chernobyl,” May 3, 1986, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum, Public Papers of the President, www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1986/50386a.htm; “Implications of the Chernobyl Disaster,” CIA Memo, April 29, 1986, www.foia.cia.gov/sites/default/files/document_conversions/17/19860429.pdf.