György Spiró - Captivity

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Captivity: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

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The epic bestseller and winner of the prestigious Aegon Literary Award in Hungary, Captivity is an enthralling and illuminating historical saga set in the time of Jesus about a Roman Jew on a quest to the Holy Land.
A literary sensation in Hungary, György Spiró’s Captivity is both a highly sophisticated historical novel and a gripping page-turner. Set in the tumultuous first century A.D., between the year of Christ’s death and the outbreak of the Jewish War, Captivity recounts the adventures of the feeble-bodied, bookish Uri, a young Roman Jew.
Frustrated with his hapless son, Uri’s father sends the young man to the Holy Land to regain the family’s prestige. In Jerusalem, Uri is imprisoned by Herod and meets two thieves and (perhaps) Jesus before their crucifixion. Later, in cosmopolitan Alexandria, he undergoes a scholarly and sexual awakening — but must also escape a pogrom. Returning to Rome at last, he finds an entirely unexpected inheritance.
Equal parts Homeric epic, brilliantly researched Jewish history, and picaresque adventure, Captivity is a dramatic tale of family, fate, and fortitude. In its weak-yet-valiant hero, fans will be reminded of Robert Graves’ classics of Ancient Rome, I, Claudius and Claudius the God.
"With the novel Captivity, Spiró proved that he is well-versed in both historical and human knowledge. It appears that in our times, it is playfulness that is expected of literary works, rather than the portrayal of realistic questions and conflicts. As if the two, playfulness and seriousness were inconsistent with each other! On the contrary (at least for me) playfulness begins with seriousness. Literature is a serious game. So is Spiró’s novel.?"
— Imre Kertész, Nobel Prize — winning author of Fatelessness
"Like the authors of so many great novels, György Spiró sends his hero, Uri, out into the wide world. Uri is a Roman Jew born into a poor family, and the wide world is an overripe civilization — the Roman Empire. Captivity can be read as an adventure novel, a Bildungsroman, a richly detailed portrait of an era, and a historico-philosophical parable. The long series of adventures — in which it is only a tiny episode that Uri is imprisoned together with Jesus and the two thieves — at once suggest the vanity of human endeavors and a passion for life. A masterpiece."
— László Márton
“[Captivity is] an important work by yet another representative of Hungarian letters who has all the chances to become a household name among the readers of literature in translation, just like Nadas, Esterhazy and Krasznahorkai.… Meticulously researched.… The novel has been a tremendous success in Hungary, having gone through more than a dozen editions. The critics lauded its page-turning quality along with the wealth of ideas and the ambitious recreation of historical detail.”
— The Untranslated
“A novel of education and a novel of adventure that brings to life ancient Rome, Alexandria and Jerusalem with a vividness of detail that is stunning. Spiró’s prose is crisp and colloquial, the kind of prose that aims for precision rather than literary thrills. A serious and sophisticated novel that is also engrossing and highly readable is a rare thing. Captivity is such a novel.”
— Ivan Sanders, Columbia University
“György Spiró aspired at nothing less than (…) present a theory in novelistic form about the interweavedness of religion and politics, lay bare the inner workings of power and give an insight into the art of survival….This book is an incredible page turner, it reads easily and avidly like the greatest bestsellers while also going as deep as the greatest thinkers of European philosophy.”
— Aegon Literary Award 2006 jury recommendation
“What this sensational novel outlines is the demonic nature of History. Ethically as well as historically, this an especially grand-scale parable. Captivity gets its feet under any literary table you care to mention."
— István Margócsy, Élet és Irodalom
“This book is a major landmark for the year.”
— Pál Závada, Népszabadság
“It would not be surprising if literary historians were soon calling him the re-assessor and regenerator of the post-modern novel.”
— Gergely Mézes, Magyar Hírlap
“Impossibly engrossing from the very first page….Building on a huge volume of reference material, the novel rings true from both a historical and a literary point of view.”
— Magda Ferch, Magyar Nemzet

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“Where is she from, if I may ask?” Uri inquired.

“She’s the consort of the king of Adiabene.”

Uri did not venture to ask where exactly Adiabene lay. It was most likely a tiny kingdom somewhere in the East, though west of Babylon. He seemed to recall hearing the name before, only he had not taken much notice.

“From Rome’s point of view,” Joseph said, “it’s probably barely noticeable…”

Uri broke out laughing, and even Joseph had to smile.

All at once Uri saw before his eyes lines from a scroll: “The marriageable girls are sold by auction to the bridegrooms, always selling first those who are the more highborn…”

“For just as ablution is customary after touching a corpse,” Uri quoted aloud from memory, “so also is it customary after intercourse. And in accordance with a certain oracle the custom of Babylonian women is the have intercourse with a foreigner…”

“I have no idea if it is still the same today,” said Joseph, “but around fifty years ago Strabo took the descriptions of others, and they are unlikely to have been all that fresh at the time, but anyway for him the description applied to all the Assyrians, and it was more a fable than a fact.”

Uri nodded respectfully. Joseph spoke Greek and was a well-read man.

“Right now King Monobaz is their ruler,” Joseph carried on. “A sort of tribal king, but Rome recognized him, and so did the Parthians. His wife, Helena, and their eldest son Izates let it be known not so long ago that they wished to convert to Judaism, but Monobaz did not. As a result the palace where you’ll be working is being built for Helena, the Jewish queen, and Izates, the Jewish heir to the throne.”

Uri was amazed.

“They converted — to Judaism?”

“What’s strange about that?” Joseph commented. “There are plenty of Greeks, too, who convert in Syria, in Hellas, in Macedonia, in Armenia, you name it…”

“But a queen? And the heir to the throne?”

Joseph nodded.

“The story is that a clever merchant by the name of Ananias paid a visit, and he converted them. Only I know of no merchant by that name. I do, however, know a former high priest, the father-in-law of Caiaphas, the present high priest…”

Uri was shocked.

“It’s a royal family,” said Joseph. “We couldn’t refuse. There was one difficulty, however, one that was hard to overcome, which is that Queen Helena was not only King Monobaz’s consort but also his older sister.”

Uri was even more amazed. Jewish law forbids incestuous marriage between a brother and sister.

“What was the solution?” he asked.

“Helena could not divorce, because then she would no longer be queen,” Joseph responded. “But if she were living separately from her husband, then from the moment she converted it was possible to handle her like a divorced woman.”

“But what if she did not get a divorce bill?”

“Since Monobaz was not Judaized, he could not be compelled to produce a divorce bill. Helena married her younger brother under the laws of Adiabene before she was converted to Judaism, and by converting she was absolved of all previous sins.”

Uri shook his head.

“But it still can’t be lawful,” he said. “Herod the Great slept with his sister Salomé, but even he didn’t dare marry her.”

“The interesting case is not Helena. Izates would be willing to get circumcised, and he’s the heir to the throne of Adiabene! Just think about it, Gaius: Adiabene will have a Jewish king. The only legitimate Jewish king in the whole world! Antipas is only tetrarch, and so was Philip before him, but Izates will be king — and as a Jew! Rome has assented, although incestuous marriage is also forbidden there.”

Uri sipped the wine. Joseph was speaking quietly. From the surrounding rooftops, loudly and all at the same time, neighbors were talking, children shrieking, women laughing; they had little interest in the queen of a small far-off country becoming Jewish.

Large forces are at work, Uri reflected.

If Rome had assented, then that meant the emperor Tiberius had given his assent, and if the reports were true, Agrippa, who wanted to become a Jewish king, had access to him. What Joseph had said suggested that the heir to the throne of Adiabene, a child still, wanted to be circumcised, which would make him Agrippa’s rival, and he in turn was supported by Jerusalem against Alexandria, the supporter of Agrippa.

Something still did not add up.

“As far as I know,” he said, “Herod the Great had his son Alexander killed, and his sons, Tigranes and Alexander, and their descendants in turn became the kings of Armenia… So Armenia down to the present day is ruled over by a Jewish king…”

Joseph nodded.

“That’s true, but then Armenia is a long way away, and it’s far from certain that the emperor insists that Herod the Great’s descendants should become Jewish kings…”

That applies to Agrippa as well, Uri thought to himself.

It can’t be pure chance Joseph is sending me to work on that building site, Uri thought. When I’m brought before Agrippa, I’m supposed to report to him that a big palace is being put up in the City of David for the mother of a future Jewish king.

“Agrippa is well aware of all this,” Joseph spoke.

Uri blushed in the dark.

“I’m not a spy,” he declared.

“I never thought that you were,” said Joseph. “I didn’t say it because of that. But the workers know also, so don’t be left knowing less than them. The queen and her son will move into the palace on Yom Kippur, since there will be a huge celebration anyway, and then the whole world will know about it. In any case, you won’t meet Agrippa before then, because the high priests informed him long ago that he was not welcome in Judaea.”

“Does that mean I have to remain in Jerusalem until Yom Kippur?”

“Until then for sure.”

They sipped their wine.

“Don’t let yourself stand out among the workers,” Joseph advised. “Don’t be any more diligent than them. Someone will come in the morning, and he will accompany you to see the foreman. It would not do if you were treated like a peasant; you’re a Roman citizen, a pilgrim, and a cabinetmaker. They have a hut on the Mount of Olives. Some of the workers live there, the rest sleep in the street in the city. You would do best to sleep in the hut; you have to pay, but it’s worth it. Watch your money, though it won’t help. The wages are handed out a week in advance; that’s the custom. None too clever, I have to say, but one can’t do anything to change it; the arrangement evolved when people did not steal. Pay for your supper a week in advance. The owner of the hut runs a good canteen. Use the rest of the money to buy yourself a pair of sandals.”

The foreman had a stick in his hands but it seemed too long to be used for beating people. Uri took it to be a plain old standard-bearing pole. He did not seem pleased that he was being made to take on a cabinetmaker.

“Well, all right, then,” he said when Uri’s companion, a burly, middle-aged man had repeated that it was the Sanhedrin’s wish. “We’ll find something for him to do.”

The middle-aged man went away, leaving Uri standing in the half-finished building, on the ground floor of which men were seated and sprawled.

“We’re waiting for the tiles,” said the foreman. “Right now there is no cabinetmaking work. I’ll drop a word later on to have you taken onto the payroll. What’s your name?”

“Gaius Theodorus,” said Uri.

“What kind of name is that?”

“It’s Latin. I’ve come from Rome.”

The foreman raised his eyebrows in wonder, then shrugged his shoulders and went off.

Uri looked around at the palace under construction.

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