Richard Blum - Linux For Dummies

4 Part 2: Getting Up to Speed with Linux Chapter 7: Getting to Know the Linux Filesystem Pieces of the Puzzle Touring the Linux Filesystem Managing Your Filesystem without a Net (or Mouse) A Permissions Primer Chapter 8: Using the Filesystem Clicking Your Way Through the Filesystem Using Files Swimming with Dolphin Don't Forget Xfce! Using DVDs and Other Removable Media Accessing Windows Drives on This Computer Accessing Network Drives Finding Things Chapter 9: Connecting to the Internet Internet Connectivity 101 Setting Up the Hardware Selecting an Internet Service Provider (ISP) Getting Information You Need from Your ISP Configuring Your Connection It’s All Fun and Games Until Something Doesn’t Work After You're Connected

5 Part 3: Getting Things Done Chapter 10: Using the Internet Browsing the Web with Firefox Communicating with Email Ol' Fashion File Transfers Talking with Skype Working with Other Internet Tools Chapter 11: Putting the X in Text Viewing the Contents of a Text File Editing Text Files with nano Going with gedit Editing Text in the KDE Plasma Desktop Chapter 12: Word Processing and More with LibreOffice Installing the LibreOffice Suite Word Processing with LibreOffice Writer Spreadsheets with LibreOffice Calc Presentations with LibreOffice Impress Fine Art with LibreOffice Draw Managing Data with LibreOffice Base Layout with LibreOffice Math Chapter 13: Messing with Audio What Sound? I Don't Hear a Thing! Listening to CDs Listening to Downloaded Music Listening to Internet Radio Ripping Music Tracks from CDs Burning Audio CDs and DVDs Chapter 14: Messing with Video and Graphics Watchin' Videos on the Web Viewing Movie Files Watchin’ DVDs Creating and Modifying Graphics Playing 3D Games

6 Part 4: Junior Administrator Boot Camp Chapter 15: Adding Software to Linux Opening Downloaded Files Compressing and Packaging Files to Share Keeping Up-to-Update Installing New Software Finding More Software Upgrading Your OS Chapter 16: Working without the GUI Playing the Shell Game Understanding bash Command Syntax and Structure Starting Programs from the Shell Putting Wildcard Expansion to Good Use Working with Long Commands Working with Variables Using Redirection and Pipes Chapter 17: Basic System Administration Managing Users and Groups Printing System Monitor Chapter 18: A Secure Linux Box Is a Happy Linux Box Choosing Secure Passwords Updating Software Keeping an Eye on Your Log Files with the System Log Viewer Locating Security Resources Chapter 19: Automating Your World The Basics of Shell Scripting Advanced Shell Scripting Writing Script Programs Chapter 20: The Virtual World What Is Virtualization Software? Installing VirtualBox Creating a Virtual Machine Customizing a Virtual Machine Working with the Virtual Machine

7 Part 5: The Part of Tens Chapter 21: Ten Steps to Running a Web Server The Required Parts Step 1: Select a Web Server Step 2: Select a Programming Language Step 3: Select a Database Server Step 4: Install the Servers Step 5: Examine the Apache Server Step 6: Examine the MySQL (or MariaDB) Server Step 7: Customize the PHP Server Step 8: Create the Database Environment Step 9: Build Your Application Step 10: Deploy and Test Your Application Chapter 22: Ten Troubleshooting Tips Tip #1: “The Linux Installer Froze” Tip #2: Checking Your Distribution Burns Tip #3: “I Told the Installer to Test My Graphics, and They Failed” Tip #4: “The Installer Tested My Graphics Fine, but My GUI Won't Start” Tip #5: “I Think I'm in Linux, but I Don’t Know What to Do!” Tip #6: “I Don’t Want to Boot into This!” Tip #7: Changing Your Boot Environment “Permanently” Tip #8: “I Want to Change Screen Resolutions” Tip #9: “My GUI Is Hung, and I’m Stuck!” Tip #10: “Help, My Machine Hangs During Boot!” “Aaargh! I Forgot My Root Password! What Do I Do?”

8 Appendix A: Common Linux Commands Linux Commands by Function Files and Filesystem System Control

9 Appendix B: Linux Distributions Slackware Fedora Debian Gentoo

10 Index

11 About the Author

12 Advertisement Page

13 Connect with Dummies

14 End User License Agreement

1 Chapter 1 TABLE 1-1 Core Linux Distributions TABLE 1-2 Specialized Linux Distributions

2 Chapter 3 TABLE 3-1 Ubuntu Partition Filesystem Types TABLE 3-2 Mount Point Locations

3 Chapter 5TABLE 5-1 Applications Menu ContentsTABLE 5-2 The Computer Menu Places ContentsTABLE 5-3 The Leave Menu ComponentsTABLE 5-4 The Panel Editor FeaturesTABLE 5-5 openSUSE KDE Widgets

4 Chapter 6TABLE 6-1 Application Menu CategoriesTABLE 6-2 The Cinnamon PreferencesTABLE 6-3 The MATE Applications Menu EntriesTABLE 6-4 The Whisker Menu Categories

5 Chapter 7TABLE 7-1 Standard / Contents in LinuxTABLE 7-2 Standard /usr SubdirectoriesTABLE 7-3 Linux File Types

6 Chapter 9TABLE 9-1 The ip Utility Command Options

7 Chapter 11TABLE 11-1 The KWrite Edit Menu ItemsTABLE 11-2 The KWrite Tools

8 Chapter 12TABLE 12-1 The LibreOffice Writer Standard Toolbar, from Left to RightTABLE 12-2 The LibreOffice Calc Standard Toolbar, from Left to RightTABLE 12-3 The LibreOffice Calc Formula Bar, from Left to RightTABLE 12-4 The LibreOffice Impress Standard Toolbar, from Left to RightTABLE 12-5 Available LibreOffice Impress ViewsTABLE 12-6 The LibreOffice Draw Main Toolbar, from Left to RightTABLE 12-7 The LibreOffice Base Standard Toolbar, from Left to RightTABLE 12-8 The LibreOffice Math Standard and Tools Toolbars, from Left to Right

9 Chapter 15TABLE 15-1 Potential Formats for Downloaded Files

10 Chapter 16TABLE 16-1 Commonly Used bash Environment VariablesTABLE 16-2 Pieces of the PS1 Puzzle

11 Chapter 17TABLE 17-1 Ubuntu Printer Connection TypesTABLE 17-2 System Monitor Process Table Columns

12 Chapter 19TABLE 19-1 Condition Tests

13 Chapter 21TABLE 21-1 Apache Web Server Error Levels

14 Appendix ATABLE A-1 Shell Help CommandsTABLE A-2 Archiving and Compressing ToolsTABLE A-3 Shell CommandsTABLE A-4 File Organization ToolsTABLE A-5 File Attributes CommandsTABLE A-6 File Locator CommandsTABLE A-7 File ViewersTABLE A-8 Filesystem CommandsTABLE A-9 Administration CommandsTABLE A-10 Kernel Support CommandsTABLE A-11 Process CommandsTABLE A-12 Network Commands

1 Chapter 2FIGURE 2-1: The Windows 10 File Explorer window.FIGURE 2-2: The Windows 10 Disk Management tool.FIGURE 2-3: The Shrink Volume dialog box.FIGURE 2-4: The Linux GParted disk management tool main window.FIGURE 2-5: The GParted Resize/Move dialog box.FIGURE 2-6: In Windows 10, the Device Manager gives you information on what har...FIGURE 2-7: The Microsoft Disc Image Burner dialog box.FIGURE 2-8: The Rufus program for creating a bootable USB stick.

2 Chapter 3FIGURE 3-1: The Ubuntu Live boot menu.FIGURE 3-2: The Ubuntu LiveDVD desktop with the Install icon.FIGURE 3-3: The Ubuntu language selection window.FIGURE 3-4: The Keyboard Layout window.FIGURE 3-5: The Updates and other software window.FIGURE 3-6: The Ubuntu Installation Type window.FIGURE 3-7: The Ubuntu manual partition utility.FIGURE 3-8: The Login ID window.FIGURE 3-9: Select your online account to sync.FIGURE 3-10: The openSUSE installation boot menu.FIGURE 3-11: The Language, Keyboard, and License Agreement window.FIGURE 3-12: Selecting online openSUSE software repositories.FIGURE 3-13: The System Role window.FIGURE 3-14: The Suggested Partitioning window.FIGURE 3-15: The Expert Partitioner tool.FIGURE 3-16: The Expert Partitioner graphical design layout.FIGURE 3-17: The Clock and Time Zone window.FIGURE 3-18: The Login ID window.FIGURE 3-19: The Installation Settings window.

3 Chapter 4FIGURE 4-1: The default GNOME 3 desktop as used in Ubuntu.FIGURE 4-2: The activities overview in Ubuntu.FIGURE 4-3: The GNOME 3 calendar menu.FIGURE 4-4: The GNOME 3 system menu.FIGURE 4-5: The Settings dialog box.FIGURE 4-6: The GNOME 3 desktop pop-up menu.FIGURE 4-7: The dash as shown in an Ubuntu desktop.FIGURE 4-8: The dash icon for a removable media device after inserting a USB st...FIGURE 4-9: The application overview area.FIGURE 4-10: The workspace selector in Ubuntu.FIGURE 4-11: The Appearance window.FIGURE 4-12: The Displays settings in GNOME 3.FIGURE 4-13: The Displays settings with support for multiple monitors.FIGURE 4-14: The Mouse and Touchpad settings options.FIGURE 4-15: The Universal Access options available in Ubuntu.FIGURE 4-16: The Universal Access quick menu.