Interpretation Basics of Cone Beam Computed Tomography

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Second Edition

Edited by

Shawneen M. Gonzalez

DDS, MS, Diplomate, American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology with invited Contribution from Gayle Tieszen Reardon

This edition first published 2021

© 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Edition History John Wiley and Sons Inc (1e, 2014)

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Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data

Names: Gonzalez, Shawneen, author, editor.

Title: Interpretation basics of cone beam computed tomography / edited by Shawneen M. Gonzalez.

Description: Second edition. | Hoboken, NJ : Wiley‐Blackwell 2021. | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2021028942 (print) | LCCN 2021028943 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119685845 (hardback) | ISBN 9781119685852 (adobe pdf) | ISBN 9781119685876 (epub)

Subjects: MESH: Cone‐Beam Computed Tomography. | Radiography, Dental–methods. | Craniofacial Abnormalities–diagnosis. | Facial Bones

Classification: LCC RC78.7.T6 (print) | LCC RC78.7.T6 (ebook) | NLM WN 230 | DDC 616.07/5722–dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021028942LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021028943

Cover Design: Wiley

Cover Image: © Shawneen M. Gonzalez

It is the goal of this book to help practitioners and students gain a better understanding of anatomy and common disease processes that frequently present on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. This book seeks to fill the gap in the current literature where little is presented on common radiographic appearances on CBCT. In addition to this book, there are sample cases with videos online at www.wiley.com/go/gonzalez/interpretation, where you can practice working your way through regions and entire scans using the knowledge you acquire in this book.

The beginning of the book covers general information about different CBCT unit parameters and recommended uses from specialty organizations. The third chapter covers legal considerations of owning a cone beam CT, referring patients for a cone beam CT scan, and/or interpreting cone beam CT scans in the United States. This information is lacking in the current literature and is something many professionals should be aware of before purchasing or using a cone beam CT unit.

Each book chapter from the fourth chapter on is an anatomical region covering the topics of anatomy, common anatomic variants/developmental anomalies, pathosis, and other findings. The first regions presented are the paranasal sinuses and mastoid air cells and nasal cavity and airway, which are intimately involved with each other. The anatomy section covers pertinent anatomy to evaluate when interpreting or reviewing a scan. The next section covers common anatomic variants with various images showing how they appear on axial, coronal, and sagittal views. The last section covers commonly seen disease processes, such as sinusitis, that should be noted on a written radiology interpretation.

Chapter 6is on the cranial skull base and orbits. There are many anatomical landmarks in the cranial skull base such as canals, foramina, air cells, and more, making this a difficult region to interpret. Key anatomy is shown on various views (axial, coronal, and sagittal) to aid CBCT users in orienting themselves on the scan.

All soft‐tissue findings are moved into one chapter. There is no anatomy as CBCT is a hard‐tissue imaging modality. All findings are listed as pathosis or other findings and appear as calcifications in the soft tissues.

The region of the cervical spine covers anatomy to disease processes such as degenerative joint disease. Degenerative joint disease is progressive with multiple appearances based on the degree of bony damage. This chapter has many example images of degenerative joint disease at various points in the disease process.

The last region covered is the temporomandibular joints, which is very thorough thanks to the contributions of Gayle Reardon, who has studied and continues to study this region in depth. The temporomandibular joints have a unique set of disease processes and developmental appearances beyond arthritic changes. This chapter covers entities CBCT users should be aware of even if they are not seen in daily practice.