Martin Brenig-Jones - Lean Six Sigma For Dummies

Здесь есть возможность читать онлайн «Martin Brenig-Jones - Lean Six Sigma For Dummies» — ознакомительный отрывок электронной книги совершенно бесплатно, а после прочтения отрывка купить полную версию. В некоторых случаях можно слушать аудио, скачать через торрент в формате fb2 и присутствует краткое содержание. Жанр: unrecognised, на английском языке. Описание произведения, (предисловие) а так же отзывы посетителей доступны на портале библиотеки ЛибКат.

Lean Six Sigma For Dummies: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

Предлагаем к чтению аннотацию, описание, краткое содержание или предисловие (зависит от того, что написал сам автор книги «Lean Six Sigma For Dummies»). Если вы не нашли необходимую информацию о книге — напишите в комментариях, мы постараемся отыскать её.

Become a process improvement star with Lean Six Sigma!  Thinking Lean? Not in terms of weight loss, but operational efficiency? Then you can get into the Lean mindset with 
. A popular process improvement strategy used in many corporations, Lean Six Sigma exemplifies eliminating waste and optimizing flow at an operational level. With the strategies outlined in this book, you’ll have your projects, team, and maybe even your organization running at peak efficiency. 
Written by two experts that have been teaching Lean Six Sigma for over 20 years, 
 explains the jargon surrounding this organizational practice, outlines the key principles of both Lean thinking and the Six Sigma process, and breaks it all down into easy-to-follow steps. 
Use Lean Six Sigma to develop a culture of continuous improvement Complete repetitive tasks through robotic process automation Assess how well your company and employees adapt to Lean Six Sigma Discover tips on how to implement Lean Six Sigma every day Find best practices to sustain ongoing improvements With handy checklists and helpful advice, 
 shows you how to implement Lean Six Sigma in any industry, within any size organization. Pick up your copy to successfully lean into the Lean Six Sigma mindset yourself.

Lean Six Sigma For Dummies — читать онлайн ознакомительный отрывок

Ниже представлен текст книги, разбитый по страницам. Система сохранения места последней прочитанной страницы, позволяет с удобством читать онлайн бесплатно книгу «Lean Six Sigma For Dummies», без необходимости каждый раз заново искать на чём Вы остановились. Поставьте закладку, и сможете в любой момент перейти на страницу, на которой закончили чтение.

Тёмная тема
Сбросить

Интервал:

Закладка:

Сделать

x in the formula represents your individual data points

xi represents each x from x1 up to xn

n represents the number of data points in your data set

represents the average (mean) of your data points

represents the “sum of”

Martin BrenigJones and Jo Dowdall FIGURE 13Standard deviation As with - фото 13

© Martin Brenig-Jones and Jo Dowdall

FIGURE 1-3:Standard deviation.

As with most things in life, tackling the formula in stages makes it easier, so let’s have a go.

Start by adding up all of the data points you have. For example, if the data points are 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 (we’ll demonstrate with some simple ones), the sum is 35. The number of data points we have is 5, so the value of n in the formula is 5. We can then work out the mean (average or картинка 14) of those data points, and the mean ( картинка 15) is 7 (because картинка 16). Are you with us so far? Great!

Next we need to work out the part This means subtracting the value 7 from each of our data points and - фото 17part. This means subtracting the value 7 from each of our data points and so on All is going well but we - фото 18value (7) from each of our data points. and so on All is going well but we now have some negative values in the - фото 19, and so on. All is going well, but we now have some negative values in the mix, and we need to get rid of them. This is done by squaring the numbers we’ve just worked out. So and so on Next add together all of the answers we just got If youre still - фото 20, and so on. Next, add together all of the answers we just got. If you’re still with us and have done that bit, you should get 10. So now we have real numbers to work with, and the numbers that we put into the formula are картинка 21(Yes, we did all that work to get to 10 divided by 5.) 10 divided by 5 is 2. We then, finally, take the square root of 2 to get the standard deviation value of 1.41. Hooray!

Note that there are two versions of the standard deviation formula included in Figure 1-4. The first is used when we have a sample of data, and the second is used when we have the entire population. The data set we used to work through the example above was very small! If we were using the formula for a sample, instead of using n we’d use So wed end up with which is 25 The square root of 25 is 158 - фото 22. So we’d end up with which is 25 The square root of 25 is 158 Martin BrenigJones and Jo - фото 23, which is 2.5. The square root of 2.5 is 1.58.

Martin BrenigJones and Jo Dowdall FIGURE 14Standard deviation formula In - фото 24

© Martin Brenig-Jones and Jo Dowdall

FIGURE 1-4:Standard deviation formula.

In practice, when the sample size is more than 30, there’s little difference between using n or картинка 25. When we refer to a “population,” this could relate to people or things that have already been processed, like, for example, a population of completed and dispatched policy documents.

Lean Six Sigma For Dummies - изображение 26Now for some good news: You can use a scientific calculator, Excel , or any number of online calculators to work out the standard deviation of your data, without having to worry about this formula.

The Process Sigma values are calculated by looking at our process performance against the customer requirements, which we cover in the next section.

Considering customer requirements

So far so good, but without understanding the customer requirements, it’s not possible to tell whether cycle time performance is good or bad.

Let’s say the customer expects delivery in five days or less. In Lean Six Sigma speak, key customer requirements are called CTQs, (Critical To Quality). We discuss CTQs in Chapter 2and describe them in more detail in Chapter 4, but essentially they express the customers’ requirements in a way that is measurable. CTQs are a vital element in Lean Six Sigma and provide the basis of your process measurement set. In our example, the CTQ is five days or less, but the average performance in Figure 1-2 is four days. Remember that this is the average; your customers experience the whole range of your performance.

Lean Six Sigma For Dummies - изображение 27Too many organizations use averages as a convenient way of making their performance sound better than it really is.

In the example provided, all the orders that take more than five days are defects for the customer in Six Sigma language. Orders that take five days or less meet the CTQ. We show this situation in Figure 1-5. We could express the performance as the percentage or proportion of orders processed within five days or we can work out the Process Sigma value . The Process Sigma value is calculated by looking at your performance against the customer requirement, the CTQ, and taking into account the number of defects involved where you fail to meet it (that is, all those cases that took more than five days).

We explain the Process Sigma calculation in the next section.

Calculating Process Sigma values

Here are three good reasons for calculating Process Sigma:

It makes you consider customers’ performance needs. How long are they prepared to wait for their order to be processed?

It makes it easier to compare the performance of different processes. If different metrics are used for each process, comparison is tricky, and it’s difficult to prioritize improvements. Process Sigma is a standard quality metric that can be used to measure any process.© Martin Brenig-Jones and Jo Dowdall FIGURE 1-5:Highlighting defects.

It supports decision-making on what performance needs to be, rather than using an arbitrary target. For example, 99.9 percent success sounds impressive, but it would mean 100 plane crashes worldwide every day, and one hour without electricity every month.

The Process Sigma value represents the population of cases that meet the CTQs right first time. Sigma values are expressed as defects per million opportunities (DPMO) to emphasize the need for world-class performance.

Читать дальше
Тёмная тема
Сбросить

Интервал:

Закладка:

Сделать

Похожие книги на «Lean Six Sigma For Dummies»

Представляем Вашему вниманию похожие книги на «Lean Six Sigma For Dummies» списком для выбора. Мы отобрали схожую по названию и смыслу литературу в надежде предоставить читателям больше вариантов отыскать новые, интересные, ещё непрочитанные произведения.


Отзывы о книге «Lean Six Sigma For Dummies»

Обсуждение, отзывы о книге «Lean Six Sigma For Dummies» и просто собственные мнения читателей. Оставьте ваши комментарии, напишите, что Вы думаете о произведении, его смысле или главных героях. Укажите что конкретно понравилось, а что нет, и почему Вы так считаете.

x