Veterinary Surgical Oncology

8 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 (a) Gross appearance of a cat with a nasal tumor. (b) Gross appea...Figure 8.2 Nasal biopsy with cannula. (a) The dog is positioned in sternal r...Figure 8.3 (a) Rostrocaudal view of the frontal sinuses in a dog. A radioden...Figure 8.4 Contrast‐enhanced CT imaging of the nasal cavity. (a) Some hyperd...Figure 8.5 Endoscopic view of nasal masses in dog. This imaging technique pe...Figure 8.6 Dorsal rhinotomy. (a) Dorsal view of the canine skull. Osteotomie...Figure 8.7 Ventral rhinotomy in a dog. (a) Ventral view of the canine skull....Figure 8.8 Ventral rhinotomy in a cat. The procedure is similar to that desc...Figure 8.9 Temporary carotid artery occlusion in a dog. After a blunt dissec...Figure 8.10 Intraoperative view demonstrating the Rumel tourniquet placed ar...Figure 8.11 (a) Positioning of a dog undergoing adjuvant unilateral dorsal r...Figure 8.12 Flow chart of the decision‐making process for the diagnosis and ...Figure 8.13 Endoscopic image of an arytenoid chondrosarcoma in a nine‐year‐o...Figure 8.14 Oral examination of a dog with a laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma.Figure 8.15 Lateral radiograph of a dog with a laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma....Figure 8.16 CT examination of a dog with a laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma.Figure 8.17 CT reconstruction of a dog with laryngeal chondrosarcoma. From t...Figure 8.18 Ten‐year‐old malamute with a grade II mast cell tumor of the ary...Figure 8.19 Images from a dog with fibrosarcoma of the epiglottis. (a) Oral ...Figure 8.20 Total laryngectomy specimen from a Sheltie with a laryngeal squa...Figure 8.21 Laryngeal chondrosarcoma in a 10‐year‐old dog. The trachea dista...Figure 8.22 Same dog as in Figure 8.21. En bloc resection of the larynx incl...Figure 8.23 Photograph of a Sheltie seven days after surgery with a laryngea...Figure 8.24 Chest radiographs. (a) Ventrodorsal view of a dog with an intrat...Figure 8.25 CT images of a canine thorax. (a) Contrast‐enhanced CT is a more...Figure 8.26 Intercostal thoracotomy. (a) An incision in the skin, subcutaneo...Figure 8.27 (a) The thoracic drain is applied by making a stab incision two ...Figure 8.28 Median sternotomy. (a) The skin and subcutaneous tissues are inc...Figure 8.29 (a) The closure of the sternum is achieved by preplacing some fi...Figure 8.30 Figure‐of‐eight suture pattern for sternotomy closure. The wires...Figure 8.31 Lateral radiograph of a dog with a tracheal chondrosarcoma.Figure 8.32 (a, b) CT scan of a dog with a tracheal chondrosarcoma. (c) Reco...Figure 8.33 (a) Intraoperative photograph of a cat with a tracheal squamous ...Figure 8.34 (a) Intraoperative photograph of a dog with a tracheal chondrosa...Figure 8.35 Surgical approach to the bronchus (between the two forceps) by l...Figure 8.36 Bronchial mass has been resected, and an anastomosis of the bron...Figure 8.37 A postoperative neck flexion harness is being used to prevent ne...Figure 8.38 (a) Preoperative radiograph of a tracheal carcinoma causing trac...Figure 8.39 Anatomy of the canine lungs.Figure 8.40 Postoperative view of lung cancer. Note the presence of necrotic...Figure 8.41 Thoracic radiographs taken in (a) right lateral, (b) left latera...Figure 8.42 (a) Right lateral and (b) left lateral (projections of the thora...Figure 8.43 Intraoperative view of an enlarged tracheobronchial lymph node....Figure 8.44 Partial lung lobectomy (a). A pair of crushing forceps are place...Figure 8.45 Operative view of partial lung lobectomy. The affected lobe is g...Figure 8.46 Postoperative thoracic radiograph to evaluate pneumothorax and t...Figure 8.47 Operative view of a partial lung lobectomy performed with surgic...Figure 8.48 Hand suture technique for lung lobectomy. (a) Ligation of the ve...Figure 8.49 Intraoperative view of complete lung lobectomy performed with st...Figure 8.50 Postoperative view of the left lung after pneumonectomy.Figure 8.51 Thoracoscopic view of (a) a total lung lobectomy in a cat before...Figure 8.52 Biopsy samples are obtained through a keyhole procedure via thor...Figure 8.53 11‐year‐old domestic shorthair cat affected by digit lung syndro...Figure 8.54 (a) Lateral thoracic projection of an 11‐year‐old mixed dog with...Figure 8.55 (a) A ventrodorsal projection radiograph of a dog with a rib cho...Figure 8.56 Postcontrast transverse CT of anosteosarcoma involving the fifth...Figure 8.57 Resection of a subcutaneous hemangiosarcoma. In this case, skin ...Figure 8.58 The previous biopsy tract is removed with the resection; however...Figure 8.59 Intraoperative photograph of a dog with a rib chondrosarcoma. Th...Figure 8.60 Intraoperative photograph of a dog with a rib chondrosarcoma aft...Figure 8.61 Adhesion between a lung lobe and the rib tumor. A TA stapler is ...Figure 8.62 Intraoperative photograph of mesh that is used to reconstruct a ...Figure 8.63 Intraoperative photograph of a dog with a rib chondrosarcoma. Th...Figure 8.64 Outline of the borders of the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap...Figure 8.65 (a) Intraoperative photograph showing elevation of the latissimu...Figure 8.66 The omentum has been placed over the thoracic defect to provide ...Figure 8.67 (a) Intraoperative picture of a dog with a mass over the caudola...Figure 8.68 CT scan of a cat with a sternal chondrosarcoma.Figure 8.69 (a) Preoperative picture of a cat with a sternal chondrosarcoma ...Figure 8.70 (a) Intraoperative photograph of a sternectomy for soft tissue s...

9 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 Echocardiogram identifying pericardial effusion (PE). RV, right v...Figure 9.2 Right auricular mass (arrow) is seen in association with a perica...Figure 9.3 A TA 30 stapler is placed across the base of the right auricle an...Figure 9.4 Placement of tangential forceps on the right auricle to remove a ...Figure 9.5 Right auricle specimen after excision.Figure 9.6 PTFE is being used to bypass a heart‐base tumor that is inducing ...Figure 9.7 The diaphragm insertion is underlined with a blue line. The scope...Figure 9.8 The pericardium is grasped under thoracoscopic visualization.Figure 9.9 (a) Thoracoscopic pericardial biopsy. The white arrows are showin...Figure 9.10 (a) Contrast‐enhanced sagittal and (b) transverse T1 MRI of a ca...Figure 9.11 A soft tissue nodule (17 × 16 × 20 mm, DV × LM × CrCd, pink arro...Figure 9.12 Surgical resection of a carotid body tumor at the carotid bifurc...Figure 9.13 Carotid body tumor after resection.Figure 9.14 Sagittal and transverse CT angiograms demonstrating a caval thro...Figure 9.15 (a) Adrenal mass with caval thrombus. The thrombus is being mani...

10 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 Ovarian tumor. These tumors can grow very large, and extreme car...Figure 10.2 Use of episiotomy to improve exposure of vaginal resection. A ur...Figure 10.3 Vaginal leiomyoma. (a) These tumors can grow quite large. Arrow ...Figure 10.4 (a) Perivaginal dissection for vulvovaginectomy. Dissection is p...Figure 10.5 Illustration of the extent of the excision and the tissues remov...Figure 10.6 Bilateral caudal regional mastectomy in the dog reconstructed wi...Figure 10.7 Bilateral mastectomy in the cat. (a) The cat is placed in dorsal...Figure 10.8 Sertoli cell tumor of a cryptorchid testicle with torsion.Figure 10.9 Sertoli cell tumor (left) after castration. Note the size differ...Figure 10.10 Gynecomastia in a male dog with a Sertoli cell tumor.Figure 10.11 (a) Approach to the prostate (arrow), which involved a pubic sy...Figure 10.12 (a) Cystourethrogram demonstrating a markedly narrowed prostati...Figure 10.13 Cystoscopic image of the prostatic urethra infiltrated with TCC...Figure 10.14 Elliptical incision around the prepuce and penis prior to a pen...Figure 10.15 Dissection of the penis from the body wall during a penile ampu...Figure 10.16 Multilobular osteochondrosarcoma of the penis.Figure 10.17 Preputial excision and reconstruction using the epithelium of t...

11 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 Ultrasonographic images (cranial is left, caudal right) of two d...Figure 11.2 Intraoperative view of a renal hemangiosarcoma affecting the cra...Figure 11.3 Intraoperative view of a large canine nephroblastoma.Figure 11.4 Intraoperative view of a canine renal carcinoma. A TA‐30V stapli...Figure 11.5 (a) Intraoperative view of the cranial pole of a canine kidney (...Figure 11.6 Radiographs of a dog with a retroperitoneal mass (metastatic sem...Figure 11.7 Metastatic carcinoma to the sublumbar lymph nodes.Figure 11.8 Intraoperative view of a canine urinary bladder TCC following cy...Figure 11.9 Excised section of a canine bladder wall with multifocal TCC. Th...Figure 11.10 View of a canine TCC of the trigone through a ventral cystotomy...Figure 11.11 Following excision of the mass in Figure 11.10 with approximate...Figure 11.12 A CO 2laser is being used to dissect deep into the bladder subm...Figure 11.13 Ventral view of a dog with TCC of the bladder following cystoto...Figure 11.14 Bladder, prostate, and pelvic portion of the urethra from a dog...Figure 11.15 (a) Intraoperative image following complete cystectomy/prostate...Figure 11.16 Fluoroscopic image of intra‐arterial chemotherapy. After an art...Figure 11.17 Vagino‐urethroplasty being performed on a dog with TCC of the c...Figure 11.18 CT image of a urethral stent (small arrow; large arrow points t...Figure 11.19 Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) treatment plan for a dog with u...