Т.Ю.Кущ, М.С.ВоловникАнглийский язык для судовых электромехаников. ENGLISH FOR MARINE ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS. 1986

Selector module. It is used for the selection of the engine room status, attended or unattended, and an engineer on duty. The module is equipped with one circuit board per engineer, and switches and indicating lamps in the front. The unit also provides call of the engineers.

Central unit. Systems with alarm print-out or data logging include the central unit. The control unit is connected to the system via the system bus.

Such systems are programmable bus-oriented electronic systems comprising a number of standard units. The functions in the system are controlled from a central processing unit based on a microcomputer. The functions are determined by a program — the system software — stored on a PROM semi-conductor memory. In addition to the basic functions of the central unit the use of the microcomputer and software make such alarm systems easily expandable to more complex functions.

Typical optional functions available are: presentation of process data on a display, telex transmission of measured values, trend analyses, condition monitoring of the machinery.

The central unit is fitted in a cubicle. The front of the cubicle includes the printer for alarm print-out.

35 . 20

Home exercise. Check vour reading skills. See ex. 32, Section 1, Unit 2.

Data Logging

The data logging function is controlled from the control unit. The measured values are printed out at regular intervals, e. g. every four hours, or by depressing the print-out button.

The central unit addresses the measuring channels with a binary code via the system bus. The address is decoded in each module and one channel is addressed. Signal connections to the system bus, scaling and conversion, are carried out in the same way as during manual measuring. However, the display is extinguished. The central unit receives the measured value in code and the information on the number of decimals, processes the input signals and controls the typewriter, where the measured values are printed out. The data and time are recorded on each print-out. Fill in the blanks:

1. The data logging function is controlled... a) at regular intervals;

b) from the control unit; c) by depressing the print-out button.

2. Signal connection to the system bus, scaling and convertion are carried out in the same way. . . a) the central unit receives the measured value; b) the measured values are printed out; c) as during manual measuring.

3. The address ... in each module and one channel is addressed, a) is decoded; b) is printed out; c) processes.

Now record your time and results.

Homeiask: Ex. 34, 35.

The fifth class period

Review of “Alarm Measuring Systems”. Nouns. 10

36 5

Dwell on the electronic alarm measuring system and its modules with your fellow-student.

37 . 3

Give Russian equivalents for the following English word-combinations:

measuring part, alarm part, analog transducer, the transducer output, the input signal, voltage level, system bus, display unit, channel board, an electron tube, air pressure, the operation principle communication service, human interference, control function, safety rules, data logging, control unit, signal connection, print-out button.

38 4

Give English equivalents for the following Russian word-combinations. See ex. 34.

Модуль измерения и выдачи сигнала «авария»; аналоговые и дискретные каналы; указательная табличка; кнопка для подачи сигнала, что сигнал аварии визуально принят; проверка аварийной сигнализации; для обработки сигналов аналоговых датчиков; плата средних значений; выработка запускающих сигналов сирены; звуковой сигнал аварии услышан (принят).

39 10

Give Russian equivalents for the following English noun groups.

a) Model: a tram stop — трамвайная остановка

a metal part, the laboratory instrument, an electron tube, the temperature scale, machine language, production technology, the river basin, a light signal, a transducer signal, a system layout.

b) Model: air pressure ■— давление воздуха

air temperature, the electrode material, an electron source, radiation time, communication service, an experiment programme, the machine elements, an aggregate capacity, a wave length.

40 20

Home exercise. Give Russian equivalents for the following English Noun groups (mind figures);

2 1 2 1 2 1 2 an ionization effect, the radiation intensity, the w'ater level, the reactor 1 2 1 2 J1 2 1 size, the operation principle, the motor construction, the steam molecules, 2 1 2 1 the gas temperature, the metal structure.

b) this engineer’s design, these engineers’ work, the ship's engines, fifteen kilometers’ walk, a year’s operation, the worker’s tools, the tools of the worker, discussion of the nature of the main elements, the temperature of the vapor of the block, iron bridge, a payment agreement, tin trade, pig iron production, home market prices, meat price decrease, cold weather operation of the machine, power supply, inlet pressure, bend resistance, a thirty page booklet, analog computers, scientific weather observations, a-c transformers, transmission line performance, iron group metals.

41 13

Text for rendering and discussion.

Experience. The first stage was difficult because of lack of experience in the technical operation of marine nuclear reactors as such, and even more of nuclcar-powered ships.

Major conclusions drawn after the first period of trial operation were that nuclear power plant is reliable in operation, provides for easy

passing through transient conditions from any power range and gives ice-breakers good manoeuvrability.

The system of a nuclear power guarantees safe charging of power output when energy reactor protection is activated, or when pieces of equipment are out of order.

Biological shielding and other design elements are reliable guards for personnel and environment.

Endurance of 210 days with one charge of fuel was confirmed. At the same time, several shortcomings of the first nuclear steam-generating plant were revealed.

Major equipment had a short service life.

Certain elements of equipment had poor maintainability in the central compartment which was imperfectly designed for radioactive decontamination.

The great number of steeled joints in the primary coolant circuit reduced its reliability, caused temporary reactor shutdowns and contributed to the formation of liquid radioactive wastes.

The systems of electric power supply, control and automation also required improvement.

The short service life of major equipment, such as steam generators, the primary circuit gate valve, etc., a high cost of dismantling/mounting of radioactive equipment were major handicaps to the success of nuclear power.

Solutions included the design of special equipment for the repair and reloading of reactors; and the collection and utilization of radioactive wastes.

42

20

Home exercise. Read the text and after each sentence write the number of logical units. Point out main and subordinate clauses, their subjects, predicates and objects.

Operation of Alarm Measuring Systems

Measuring systems. Analog transducers which sense temperatures, pressures, etc., in the process arc connected to the system. The transducer output may be current, voltage or resistance. The input signal is filtered and normalized to a defined voltage level in the system.

The normalized measured value is connected across the system bus to the display unit when the push-button for manual measuring in the front of a module is depressed. The signal is scaled to its correct value before A/D conversion and presentation on the digital display with the correct number of decimals.