Richard Rhodes - The Making of the Atomic Bomb

Lindemann, Frederick A. (Lord Cherwell), 339, 359, 455

Bohr and, 484, 529–30, 538

Churchill and, 223, 246, 320, 371–72, 469–70, 529–30, 537–38

Los Alamos visited by, 546

military aspects of nuclear fission and, 371–72

on strategic vs. area bombing, 469–71, 586

Szilard and, 222–25, 236, 246

Little Boy (uranium gun), 541, 549, 561, 590

assembling of, 706, 708

blast wave from, 716, 718–19

critical mass for, 601, 610–11, 614, 631, 651

description of, 701–2

explosive yield of, 631, 643, 709, 711

firestorm caused by, 719–27

fusing components of, 701–3

heat generated by, 714–15, 717–19

jettisoning of, 631

light flash of, 713–14, 716

Pacific shipping arrangements for, 655, 662, 678, 692, 693

Parsons and, 477–78, 549, 576–78

readiness of, 689, 691, 699

Little Boy, combat delivery of:

casualties produced by, 714–34

crews briefed for, 700–710

to Hiroshima, 710–11, 713–17

Lewis’ narration of, 706–8, 710

loading for, 701, 703

results of, 713–37

strike crew for, 704–11

weather as factor in, 699–700, 701, 704–5, 708

Livingston, M. Stanley, 148

Lloyd George, David:

Smuts and, 99–100

Weizmann and, 88–90

Locker-Lampson, Oliver S., 195

Lodge, Sir Oliver, 84

London, strategic bombing of, 99–100, 341–43, 470

Loomis, Alfred, 351, 361, 367

Los Alamos, 121, 449

British mission to, 523–24, 527, 543–44, 546

Chemistry and Metallurgy Division of, 569–70

construction of, 451–52, 459–60, 476

Critical Assemblies group of, 610

Cyclotron Program of, 566

Delivery Group of, 582, 585

Experimental Physics Division of, 549

fires at, 569–70

Fuller Lodge of, 459, 565, 569

Fuze Development group of, 565

gambling at, 566

G Division of, 573–74, 577, 580, 610

Governing Board of, 540, 541, 543–44

gun research at, 541–42

history of, 450–51

hobbies enjoyed at, 567–68

hydrogen bomb development at, 466, 476, 539–40, 543–44, 546, 563

as instant community, 453

laboratory work planning at, 465–68, 538–40

Ordnance Division of, 477, 549, 573, 576–77

plutonium crisis at, 548, 553

prostitution at, 566–67

radiation poisoning at, 569

review committee of, 476

scientific staff of, 454, 460, 464–66, 476, 479–80, 538–39, 549, 561–73, 578, 580, 610–12, 652

security arrangements for, 453–55, 460, 464, 468, 566–67, 570–71

Serber’s orientation lectures at, 460–65

social life at, 565–67

T Building of, 460

Tech Area of, 460, 479, 565, 569, 613

Theoretical Physics Division of, 460, 538–40, 543–46, 566, 570

Town Council of, 566–67

X Division of, 576–77

Los Alamos Primer , 460, 462–63, 466, 578

Lo Sordo, Antonino, 209, 241

Louis I, King of France and Germany, 177

Lovett, Robert, 650

Lübeck, 470–71

Ludwig, Carl, 54–55

Luftwaffe, 342

MacArthur, Douglas, 390, 407, 554, 588, 641, 686–87

McDaniel, Boyce, 660

McDonald Ranch, David, 653, 659, 664

McGill University, 42, 45, 47, 80

machine guns, 101–2

McKibben, Joseph, 665, 667, 669, 672

McMillan, Edwin M., 353, 355

gun research of, 541

implosion experimentation and, 478–79

Los Alamos and, 450, 460, 541, 567

Neddermeyer and, 478–79

nuclear fission experiments of, 348–50, 351

Trinity and, 668, 674

McMillan, Elsie, 567, 657

Madach, Imre, 107–8

“magnetic detector of electrical waves and some of its applications, A” (Rutherford), 37

Mahabharata , 662–63

Manchester, University of, 31, 46–48, 66–69, 82, 86, 155–56

Manchester, William, 519, 594, 595

Manchester Guardian , 88, 89

Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, 50

Mandl, Otto, 24–25, 26

Manhattan Project, 449, 451, 584

Abelson and, 551–52

compartmentalization of, 502–3, 508

Goldschmidt’s description of, 605

radioactive warfare and, 510–11

Szilard’s challenge to, 502–10

Truman and, 614, 617–18, 624

Manifesto della Razza (1938), 242

Manley, John H., 449

Los Alamos and, 451–53, 459, 465

Neddermeyer and, 467

Marconi, Guglielmo, 37

Marianas campaign, 554

Marine Corps, U.S., 554–56, 594–95

Marsden, Ernest, 67

alpha scattering studied by, 48–50, 51 n , 135–36

Rutherford and, 38–39, 135–36

Marshack, Jacob, 192

Marshall, George C., 378, 390, 428, 620

atomic bomb’s international control and, 646

atomic bomb’s use supported by, 687–88, 691

Bohr and, 535

Groves and, 560, 576, 605, 612–13, 640, 686–87, 743

Interim Committee and, 642, 646–47

Japanese surrender sought by, 736–37

proposed Japanese invasion and, 641

radioactive warfare and, 511, 512–13

Stimson and, 618, 640–41, 642

Truman and, 622

Marshall, James C., 412, 424, 490

Marshall, John:

Fermi and, 428, 499, 557–58

Hanford piles and, 557–58

pile studies and, 401, 428–29, 434, 436–37

Martinez, Maria, 569

Marx, Karl, 446

Masefield, John, 97, 103

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Radiation Laboratory at, 415–16, 452

mass-spectrograph, 139–41, 215–16, 487, 494, 602 U235 and, 285, 297–98, 313

matter, theory of, 40

Matthias, Franklin T., 604

MAUD Committee, 329–31, 340–41, 350, 362, 367, 371, 373–74, 501, 652

atomic bomb report of, 368–69, 377, 382, 386, 605

Maxim, Hiram Stevens, 101

Maxwell, James Clerk, 30, 39, 50, 65

“mechanism of nuclear fission, The” (Bohr and Wheeler), 311, 319, 323

Meiji Emperor of Japan, 712

Mein Kampf (Hitler), 23, 175–76, 183, 184

Meitner, Lise, 54, 200, 208, 228

background of, 233–36

Chadwick and, 159, 233

Einstein and, 80, 259–60

emigration of, 235–36, 250

Fischer and, 80

Frisch and, 233–34, 257–65, 286, 318, 612

Hahn and, 23, 45, 79–81, 187, 191, 220–21, 232, 234, 236, 250–51, 253–54, 256, 257, 260–62, 612

Maud Committee and, 340–41

on nuclear fission, 258–65, 269–71, 273, 286

Planck and, 79, 80, 250

Szilard and, 25, 187

uranium research of, 232, 234–35, 248, 258–64

meltdown, 432–33

Melvill, Thomas, 72

“Memorandum on the properties of a radioactive ‘super-bomb’” (Frisch and Peierls), 324–25

Mendelssohn, Kurt, 197

Menuhin, Yehudi, 17

Meyer, R.C., 272–73, 289–90

Michigan, University of, 266

Miës van der Rohe, Ludwig, 17

Military Policy Committee, U.S., 424, 449, 477, 491, 500, 553, 626

Millikan, Helen, 428

Millikan, Robert A., 97, 366, 428

Minnesota, University of, 332

Mishima, Yukio, 743–44, 746

Mitchell, Billy, 591

Miyuki Bridge, 724

Møller, Poul Martin, 58–61, 131

Molotov, Vyacheslav, 199, 622–23, 736

Monod, Jacques, 13

Monsanto Chemical Company, 579

Moon, P. B., 195, 329–30, 339, 522

Mõri, Terumoto, 712

Morrison, Philip, 165, 274–75, 445

on Tinian, 681

Trinity and, 659, 668–69, 673, 678, 710

Moseley, Henry, Jr. (Harry), 123, 153, 156

Bohr and, 82–85

military service of, 86, 96–97

X-ray spectra studied by, 81–84

Moseley, Henry, Sr. (father), 82

Most Secret Operation Order No. 173 , 471–72

Mount Wilson Observatory, 186

Munich, University of, 30, 129