Richard Rhodes - The Making of the Atomic Bomb

George Marshall and, 560, 576, 605, 612–13, 640, 686–87, 743

NRL research and, 551

Oak Ridge and, 427–28, 486, 601

Oppenheimer and, 447–50, 454, 546, 548, 552–53, 571–72, 612, 655, 664, 676, 734–35

Parsons and, 477, 590, 591, 655

pile studies and, 431–32, 434

plutonium production and, 496–97

political implications of atomic bomb and, 633, 638

radioactive warfare and, 511, 512

Stimson and, 640–41

Szilard’s disagreements with, 502–3, 506, 508, 649

Target Committee and, 626–28

Trinity and, 571–72, 654, 656, 658, 661, 663–64, 666, 668–69, 675–76, 686–87, 688

Truman and, 624, 625–26

uranium supplies and, 427, 500, 638, 649

Urey and, 495–96

Vemork sabotage operations and, 455

Guadalcanal, 518–20

Guadalcanal Diary (Tregaskis), 519–20

Guam, 554, 591, 593–94, 597

Guggenheim, Daniel, 185

Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory, 185

Guillain, Robert, 588, 590–91, 598–99

Gunn, Ross, 295, 303, 551

Gustaf V. King of Sweden, 483–84

Haakon VII, King of Norway, 328

Haber, Clara Immerwahr, 95

Haber, Fritz, 16, 81, 109, 112, 173

gas-warfare work of, 92–93, 95

Hachiya, Michihiko, 713, 714, 716–17, 724–32, 747

Haeckel, Ernst Heinrich, 55

hafnium, 236

Hafstad, Lawrence R., 271–72, 334

Hagiwara, Tokutaro, 375, 459

Hague Declaration of 1899 Concerning Asphyxiating Gases , 91–93

Hahn, Edith, 250

Hahn, Otto, 78, 263, 312, 352, 402, 603

actinium-lanthanum experiment of, 253–55, 260

Bohr and, 248

Fischer’s collaboration with, 79

gas-warfare work of, 92–93

Hiroshima atomic bombing and, 735

Meitner and, 23, 45, 79–81, 187, 191, 220–21, 232, 234, 236, 250–51, 253–54, 256, 257, 260–62, 612

Pash and, 609–10

radioactivity studied by, 45, 80–81, 85

Rosbaud and, 253, 256, 261

Strassmann’s collaboration with, 234, 247–48, 251–55, 257–58, 262

Szilard and, 45

uranium research of, 232, 234–35, 247–48, 250–55, 257–58, 260–62, 266

Haigerloch, 609–10

Halban, Hans von, 290, 296, 344–45, 359

Halifax, Edward F. L. Wood, Lord, 526, 528, 538, 620

half-life, 43

Halsey, William F., 517–18

Hamburg, bombing of, 471–75

Hamburg, University of, 147, 190

Hamilton, Sir Ian, 96

Hanford Engineer Works:

chemical separation buildings at, 603–4

construction of, 498–500, 557

plutonium production piles of, 497–500, 548, 557–60, 603–4

Hankow, bombing of, 589

Hansell, Haywood S., Jr., 587–89, 591

Hansen, Hans, 73–74

Harnack, Adolf von, 78–79

Harper’s , 445, 520–21, 693, 696

Harriman, Averell, 621–22, 625–26

Harris, Sir Arthur, 469–72

Harrison, George L.:

Interim Committee and, 628–30

Little Boy’s readiness and, 689, 691

Stimson and, 685–87, 688–89

Trinity and, 685–87, 688

Harrison, Stewart, 446

Harteck, Paul, 296, 343, 402

isotope separation and, 311–12, 326, 329, 345–46

Harvard University, 121–23

Harvey, William, 97

Hashimoto, Mochitsura, 694, 696

Haukelid, Knut, 455–57, 513–17

Heisenberg, Elisabeth, 383–86

Heisenberg, Werner, 126, 132, 206, 208, 263, 402–5

appearance of, 115

Bohr and, 115–16, 129–31, 383–86, 513, 523–24

heavy-water reactors and, 513, 523–24, 609–10

neutron multiplication measurement by, 343–44

nuclear chain-reaction experiments of, 371, 383

nuclear fission and, 311, 326

Pash and, 607, 609–10

Peierls and, 386

quantum theory studied by, 116–17

Schrödinger and, 128–29

Speer and, 404

uncertainty principle of, 130–33, 151, 364

helium, 43, 45, 72

as pile coolant, 411, 497–98

Henry, Thomas, 273

Herschel, Sir William, 118

Hersey, John, 518–19

Hertz, Heinrich, 36–37

Hess, Rudolf, 175

Hevesy, George de, 139, 235–36, 263

awards of, 106

background of, 105, 106, 109–10

Bohr and, 67, 69, 72, 81, 84–85, 110, 115, 225–26, 329

Hilbert, David, 117

Hill, A. V., 334

Hill, R. D., 246

Himmler, Heinrich, 181, 235, 402–3

Hirohito, Emperor, Japanese surrender terms and, 684, 686, 689, 742–46

Hiroshima:

atomic bomb run over, 708–11

as atomic bomb target, 627, 628, 632, 639, 689, 691, 696, 699, 700, 708

casualties in, 714–34

devastation of, 710–11, 714–15, 717–21, 727–30, 732–33

history of, 712, 728

Little Boy detonated on, 710–11, 713–17

map of, 729

mass cremations in, 730–32

military importance of, 712–13

politicians’ reactions to atomic bombing of, 734, 736–37

propagandizing atomic bombing of, 736–37

radiation sickness in, 731–32

scientists’ reactions to atomic bombing of, 734–36

survivors of, 713–33

Hiroshima bomb, see Little Boy

Hiroshima Castle, 712, 718

Hirschfelder, Joseph O., 662

History of Modern Philosophy (Høffding), 61

Hitler, Adolf, 25, 183, 292, 335, 370, 518

Anschluss and, 235, 237, 241–42

anti-Semitism of, 174–76, 181, 184, 475, 482

atomic bomb and, 404–5

Battle of Britain and, 341–42, 470

Bohr on, 524, 532

Chamberlain and, 244–46, 320

Danish occupation and, 482

Goebbels and, 18, 184

Mussolini and, 241–42, 245–46

Polish invasion and, 309–10

Soviet counterattack and, 402

Soviet invasion and, 367

Speer and, 403, 404–5, 418

suicide of, 628

twenty-five points of, 175

H. K. Ferguson, 553

Høffding, Harald, 55, 60–61, 76

Holy Sonnets (Donne), 572

home refrigeration, Einstein and Szilard on, 20–21, 174

Honshu, 641

Hooper, Stanford C., 293–95

Hoover, Gilbert C., 314–16

Hoover, Herbert, 237, 310, 314, 337, 618

Hopkins, Harry L., 337–38, 521

Horgan, Paul, 122, 124

Hornig, Donald, 665, 667–70

Horthy, Nicholas, 15–16, 112–13, 292

Houdaille-Hershey Corporation, 494, 495–96, 552, 554, 601

Houtermans, Fritz, 106, 370–71

Hubbard, Jack M., 658, 663–67, 676–77

Hull, Cordell, 310, 684–86

Hungarian Revolution (1918), 109–11

Hungarian Soviet Republic, 110–13

Hungary, 104–7, 109, 112–13, 185, 292

Hurewicz, Witold, 309

Huxley, Aldous, 468

hydrogen, spectral analysis of, 73

hydrogen bomb, 422

atomic bomb as detonator for, 563–64

atomic bomb compared to, 418–20, 563–64

Conant and, 563, 643

destructive potential of, 563, 643

deuterium as prime explosive in, 563–64

Los Alamos’ development of, 466, 476, 539–40, 543–44, 546, 563

Oppenheimer and, 546, 563–64, 643

political implications of, 564

Teller and, 374–75, 416–18, 539–40, 543, 546, 563

tritium required for, 543–44, 546, 563, 564

Ulam and, 543

uranium and, 371, 375

“Hymne to God My God, in My Sicknesse” (Donne), 572

I-58 submarine, 694, 696

Ibuse, Masuji, 711

Ihne, Ernst von, 79

Imperial Army Fifth Division, Japanese, 712

Imperial Guards, Japanese, 745

Imperial Navy, Japanese, 457, 580

implosion, 542–43, 546–47, 561

diagnostics developed for, 573–74

hydrodynamics of, 544

lenses used for, 545, 549, 575–78, 655, 656–57

shock-wave behavior in, 544–45

implosion bomb, see Fat Man

incendiaries, 596–97, 598–99

Indianapolis , torpedoing of, 693–96, 738