Richard Rhodes - The Making of the Atomic Bomb

status of atomic bomb project and, 421, 561

Szilard and, 413, 505–6, 508–9

Trinity and, 661, 667–68, 675

Byrnes, James F.:

background of, 618–19

Hull and, 684–86

Interim Committee and, 629–30, 633–35, 643, 645–48, 650–51

international control of atomic bomb and, 646

Japanese surrender terms and, 686, 689, 692, 742–43

political implications of atomic bomb and, 634–35, 637–38, 643, 645, 650

Potsdam Conference and, 682–83, 689–90

Roosevelt and, 618–20, 646

Stalin and, 646, 690, 692

Stimson and, 682–83, 686–87, 742

surprise atomic attack and, 647–48

Szilard and, 636–38, 649

Trinity and, 686–87

Truman and, 618–20, 625–26, 628–29, 636, 651, 682, 686–87, 689–90, 742

use of atomic bomb supported by, 698

Cahn, Albert, 636

California, University of, at Berkeley, 127, 143–48, 451, 489

California Institute of Technology, 32, 127, 185–86

calutrons, see racetracks

Campbell, Sir Ronald, 526

carbon, neutron absorption cross section of, 344–46, 379, 395

Carnegie Institution, 336, 426, 507

Atomic Physics Observatory of, 271–72

Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, 270–73, 289–90, 316, 334–35, 432, 477 n

Caron, Robert, 704, 707, 711

Carpenter, Walter S., 649

carrier chemistry, 603

Casablanca Conference (1943), 471, 520–21

Catherine II, Empress of Russia, 178

cathode rays, 38–40, 47

Cavendish Laboratory, at Cambridge University, 23, 30, 36, 37–39, 64–65, 83, 123–24, 134, 153–57, 159–61, 164, 198, 216, 350

cavity magnetron, 319, 321, 351

Cecil, Robert, 31

centrifuge plants, 405

Cerenkov radiation, 604

Chadwick, Aileen Stewart-Brown, 158

Chadwick, James, 216, 351, 355–56

background and personal life of, 155–56, 158, 160

Bohr and, 481, 485

Frisch and, 155, 345, 346, 356, 522

Geiger and, 156

at Los Alamos, 546

MAUD Committee and, 329–31, 340–41

Meitner and, 159, 233

neutron research of, 23, 153–58, 160–67, 578, 668

Oliphant and, 155, 165, 600–601

Rutherford and, 36, 50, 124, 135, 138, 153–58, 162, 164

Trinity and, 668

Chalmers, T. A., 215, 238

Chamberlain, Neville, 244–46, 320, 338

Chaplin, Charlie, 186

“Characteristics of Sound” (Fermi), 205–6

chemical chain reactions, 28, 44

chemistry, 114–15, 123

Chennault, Claire, 589

Cherwell, Lord, see Lindemann, Frederic A.

Chevalier, Haakon, 443–44, 751

Chiang Kai-shek, 589

Chicago, University of, 399–401, 435, 505

Metallurgical Laboratory of, 400, 407–11, 414–15, 422–23, 429, 431, 435, 447–48, 477, 509–10, 579, 635, 649

Chicago Pile Number One (CP-1), 428, 432, 435–36, 439, 442, 462, 503

China, Nationalist, 589

chlorine gas, 91–93

chlorpicrin, 94

Christensen, C., 55, 63, 73

Christian X, King of Denmark, 328, 483

Churchill, Winston, 95–96, 98, 328, 351

Battle of Britain and, 342

Bohr and, 525, 527–31, 537–38

collaboration on atomic bomb negotiated by, 500, 523, 527, 537

Conant and, 357–58, 359, 634

Dresden bombing and, 592–93

Hamburg attack and, 472

Lindemann and, 223, 246, 320, 371–72, 469–70, 529–30, 537–38

military aspects of nuclear fission and, 371–72

Munich crisis and, 244–46

Polish invasion and, 309

political implications of atomic bomb and, 500, 523, 527, 530–31, 533, 536–38, 624, 634

on precision vs. area bombing, 469, 471, 476, 586

Roosevelt and, 471, 500, 520–21, 527–28, 530–31, 536–38

Snow on, 338, 529, 531, 537

Truman and, 656

unconditional surrender and, 521

use of atomic bomb supported by, 697

Weizmann and, 88–89

on Zhukov’s counterattack, 401–2

Clausewitz, Karl von. 98

Clausius, Rudolf, 30

Clayton, William L., 628, 630

Cleveland, Grover, 426

Clinton Engineer Works:

electromagnetic isotope separation plants at, 487–91, 495, 500, 600–601

gaseous-diffusion plant at, 487, 489, 493–95, 500, 550, 552–54, 601–2

K-25 complex of, 494–95, 550, 552–54, 601–2

S-50 thermal-diffusion plant at, 553, 602

security at, 602

Y-12 complex of, 490–92, 495

cloud chamber, 160–61

Clusius, Klaus, 319, 323, 326, 402

cobalt, 238

Cockcroft, John D., 329–30, 340–41, 351

Cohn, Norman. 181–82

Collier, J. H., 683

Cologne, 470–71, 472

Columbia University, 264, 268, 273, 293, 332–35, 368, 374, 394–97, 399–401, 492–94

Combined Chiefs of Staff, 588, 629–30, 691

Combined Development Trust, 500

Combined Policy Committee, Anglo-American, 526, 655

Committee of German Scientists for the Preservation of Pure Scholarship, 170

Communist activities, 446, 448, 570–71, 606

Compañia Hill, 653, 668–69, 672–74

Composition B, 577, 659

Comptes Rendus , 162, 202, 235, 247

Compton, Arthur H., 162, 362, 366–67

administration of atomic bomb project and, 378, 412–13, 439, 448

Allison and, 401

background of, 363–64

Bohr and, 364

Conant and, 442

critical mass calculations of, 387

Fermi and, 363, 379–80, 394, 399–400, 432–33, 439

Groves and, 503

Hanford plutonium piles and, 498, 559–60

Interim Committee and, 643, 647, 649, 696, 751

Kistiakowsky and, 382, 387

Lawrence and, 374–76, 381–83, 388, 399–400

military aspects of nuclear fission and, 362, 365–68, 374–83, 386–88, 398

Oak Ridge pile and, 547–48

Oppenheimer and, 383, 418–20

Pegram and, 399

pile studies and, 398–400, 411–12, 429, 431–33, 439, 442

on plutonium’s fissibility, 388–89, 398

political implications of atomic bomb and, 642

radioactive warfare and, 510–11

S-I program and, 397–98

Seaborg and, 381, 389

Szilard and, 399–400, 423–24, 503–6, 635–36

Trinity and, 656

Wigner and, 381

Wilson and, 422–23

Compton, Betty, 429

Compton, Karl T., 307, 312, 336, 361, 363–64

Interim Committee and, 628, 630, 644

international control of atomic bomb and, 644–45

Compton effect, 162, 363–64

Conant, James B., 336–38, 360, 505, 601

administration of atomic bomb project and, 397–98, 420–21, 423–24, 428

ambitions of, 358–59

on arms race, 406–7

blockbuster program and, 589–90

Bohr and, 538, 562

as British liaison, 357–59

Bush and, 561–63

Churchill and, 357–58, 359, 634

Compton and, 442

electromagnetic separation of U235 and, 488–89

Groves and, 601, 669

hydrogen bomb and, 563, 643

implosion experiments and, 542, 561

Interim Committee and, 628, 630, 633–34, 643–45

international control of atomic bomb and, 644–45

Kistiakowsky and, 358, 376–77, 542, 661–62

Los Alamos visited by, 561–62

military aspects of nuclear fission and, 365–69, 372–73, 375–82, 388–89, 406–7

NDRC and, 365–67, 369, 374

Oppenheimer and, 454, 548, 755

political implications of atomic bomb and, 561–62, 620, 625, 633–34

plutonium’s fissibility and, 388–89

radioactive warfare and, 510–11, 512–13

S-1 program and, 397–98

on status of atomic bomb project, 420–21, 442, 561–62, 576

Teller and, 563

Trinity and, 661–62, 668–69, 675

on U235, 368–69

concentration camps, 249, 475, 630

Concept of Dread, The (Kierkegaard), 61

Condon, Edward U., 189

Groves’s conflict with, 468