James Mann - The Rebellion of Ronald Reagan

1 Donnie Radcliffe, “Bed to Go: In Venice, the Rest Is Reagan,” Washington Post , June 3, 1987, D-1.

2 Ronald Reagan, The Reagan Diaries (New York: HarperCollins, 2007), 503.

3 Radcliffe, “Bed to Go”; Reagan, The Reagan Diaries , 504; Jim Kuhn, Ronald Reagan in Private (New York: Sentinel, 2005), 230.

4 Kuhn, Reagan in Private , 102.

5 Author interview with Kenneth Duberstein, July 11, 2002, and June 24, 2005.

6 Terence Hunt, “Reagan Says East Germany Should Tear Down Wall,” Associated Press, August 11, 1986.

7 Text, “Written Responses to Questions Submitted by Deutsche Press-Agentur of the Federal Republic of Germany,” June 2, 1987, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library; State Department cable 031038Z June 1987, obtained through Freedom of Information Act.

8 State Department cable 041107Z June 1987, obtained through Freedom of Information Act.

9 State Department cables 031038Z and 051458Z, June 1987, obtained through Freedom of Information Act.

10 Lou Cannon, “Reagan Hopes Summit Will Boost Image,” Washington Post , June 5, 1987, A-22.

11 Alex Brummer, “Reagan Leaves the Talking at Venice to his Aides,” The Guardian , June 9, 1987; Lionel Barber, “The Old Reagan Magic Fails as Americans Await the Next Act,” Financial Times , June 17, 1987, 4; Lou Cannon, “Aides Repair Gaffe by Reagan on Dollar,” Washington Post , June 12, 1987, A-19.

12 Interview with Frank Carlucci, January 19, 2005.

13 Transcript of the President’s News Conference, June 11, 1987; Lou Cannon, “Aides Repair Gaffe.”

1 Author interview with Eberhard Diepgen, October 12, 2005.

2 Author interview with Richard von Weizsäcker, November 23, 2005.

3 Author interview with John Kornblum, September 20, 2005.

4 Gerald M. Boyd, “Raze Berlin Wall, Reagan Urges Soviet,” New York Times , June 13, 1987, 3; State Department cable 15155Z June 1987, obtained under Freedom of Information Act.

5 Ronald Reagan transliteration copy of Berlin Wall speech, at Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, WHORM file, SP1150, 501964 (box 5 of 9).

6 Videotape of Berlin Wall address; Lou Cannon, “Reagan Challenges Soviets to Dismantle Berlin Wall,” Washington Post , June 13, 1987, A1; Edmund Morris, Dutch , p. 624.

7 This description of the East German crowd is taken from an eyewitness account filed by an American diplomat in East Berlin: State Department cable 121341Z June 1987, obtained under Freedom of Information Act.

1 Author interview with Bettina Urbanski, November 14, 2005.

2 Author interview with Maritta Adam-Tkalec, November 14, 2005.

3 Author interview with Jörg Halthöfer, December 15, 2005.

4 “Reagan-Rede als militant bezeichnet,” Frankfurter Allgemeine , June 15, 1987, 2. State Department cable130758Z, obtained under Freedom of Information Act.

5 Author interview with Egon Krenz, November 17, 2005.

6 Ibid.

7 Hope Harrison, Driving the Soviets Up the Wall (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003), 139-234.

8 State Department cable 218719Z, obtained under Freedom of Information Act.

9 “Pravda: Reagan’s Berlin Speech Laden with ‘Crocodile Tears,” Associated Press, June 13, 1987; State Department cable 151233Z, June 1987, obtained under Freedom of Information Act. Reuters News Service, “Reagan Talk ‘War-Mongering,’ Soviets Say,” Toronto Star , June 13, 1987, A3.

10 Aleksandr Bovin, “Moscow Distrusts Tears,” commentary in Izvestia , June 18, 1987, contained in Nelson Ledsky files, Box 921679, Berlin Initiatives, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.

11 Anatoly S. Chernyaev, My Years with Gorbachev (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000), 116.

12 State Department cable 161511Z June 1987, obtained under Freedom of Information Act.

13 Author interview with Karsten D. Voigt, November 11, 2005.

14 Author interview with Hans-Otto Bräutigam, October 11, 2005.

15 Author interview with Hildegard Boucsein, October 10, 2005.

16 Kissinger comments as reported in State Department cable 121501Z June 1987.

17 Editorial, “Reagan’s Greatest Hits,” New York Times , June 17, 1987; Jim Hoagland, “The Pope’s Politics,” Washington Post , June 19, 1987, A-2.

18 EUR Press Guidance, “Berlin: President’s Speech,” June 12, 1987, obtained from State Department under Freedom of Information Act.

19 “Berlin as site for CSCE Follow-Up Meeting,” State Department cable 071649Z, July 1987, Nelson Ledsky Files Box 92169, Berlin Initiative, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.

20 Foreign News Briefs, United Press International, July 3, 1987.

21 Ronald Reagan Remarks on Soviet-United States Relations at the Town Hall of California Meeting in Los Angeles, August 26, 1987; Radio Address to the Nation on Soviet-United States Relations, August 29, 1987, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.

1 Richard M. Nixon Memorandum to the File, April 28, 1987, Richard Nixon Library.

2 Memorandum for the President from Anthony R. Dolan, June 15, 1987, WHORM files SP1150, Box 501963, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.

1 See, for example, Ronald W. Reagan, An American Life (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990), 611.

2 Jack F. Matlock, Jr., Reagan and Gorbachev (New York: Random House, 2004), 64-66.

3 Ronald Reagan, The Reagan Diaries (New York: HarperCollins, 2007), 222 (March 1, 1984).

4 Anatoly Dobrynin, In Confidence (New York: Times Books, 1995), 560.

5 Author interview with Thomas Simons, May 17, 2006.

6 Author interviews with Horst Teltschik, October 5, 2005, and December 7, 2005.

7 Joint Statement of President Reagan and Chancellor Helmut Kohl, November 30, 1984.

8 James F. Kuhn, oral interview, Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia, March 7, 2003, 71.

9 President Reagan letter to Mikhail Gorbachev, March 11, 1985, in White House Staff and Office Files, Head of State Correspondence, Box 3940, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.

10 Mikhail Gorbachev letter to Ronald Reagan, March 24, 1985, ibid.; George P. Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1993), 564-65.

11 Matlock, Reagan and Gorbachev , 159; Dobrynin, In Confidence , 595.

12 Memorandum, October 3, 1986, from Rodney B. McDaniel to Tony Dolan, “Iceland Themes,” White House Staff and Office Files, National Security Council, European and Soviet Division, Box 3, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. Reagan quote from Soviet transcript of Reykjavik meeting of October 11, 1986, published in United States by Foreign Broadcasting Information Service, May 17, 1993, 3.

13 Author interview with Helmut Kohl, September 27, 2007.

14 Author interview with Jack Matlock, September 18, 2007.

15 Dobrynin, In Confidence , 509; Richard Pipes, Vixi (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003), 163; Thomas C. Reed, At the Abyss (New York: Ballantine Books, 2005), 258.

16 Nancy Reagan, My Turn (New York: Random House, 1989), 288-89.

17 Kuhn, oral interview, Miller Center, 152.

18 Author’s Kohl interview.

19 Stuart Spencer, oral interview, Miller Center, November 15-16, 2001, 12- 13.