C. Chivers - The Gun

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The Gun: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

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At a secret arms-design contest in Stalin’s Soviet Union, army technicians submitted a stubby rifle with a curved magazine. Dubbed the AK-47, it was selected as the Eastern Bloc’s standard arm. Scoffed at in the Pentagon as crude and unimpressive, it was in fact a breakthrough—a compact automatic that could be mastered by almost anyone, last decades in the field, and would rarely jam. Manufactured by tens of millions in planned economies, it became first an instrument of repression and then the most lethal weapon of the Cold War. Soon it was in the hands of terrorists.
In a searing examination of modern conflict and official folly, C. J. Chivers mixes meticulous historical research, investigative reporting, and battlefield reportage to illuminate the origins of the world’s most abundant firearm and the consequences of its spread. The result, a tour de force of history and storytelling, sweeps through the miniaturization and distribution of automatic firepower, and puts an iconic object in fuller context than ever before.
The Gun
The Gun
Throughout,
animates unforgettable characters—inventors, salesmen, heroes, megalomaniacs, racists, dictators, gunrunners, terrorists, child soldiers, government careerists, and fools. Drawing from years of research, interviews, and from declassified records revealed for the first time, he presents a richly human account of an evolution in the very experience of war.

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Kalashnikov, Andrei, 185

Kalashnikov, Ivan, 170, 185

Kalashnikov, Mikhail Timofeyevich, 10–11, 143–55, 170–97, 204–13, 228, 398–408

adolescence of, 174

AK-47’s illicit uses and, 407–8

and AK-47’s tests and demonstrations, 187–88, 199, 205

and AK and AK-type rifle design and development, 4, 7–8, 16, 19, 144–55, 160, 185–86, 199–200, 345, 353, 403, 406–8

and AK and AK-type rifle production and distribution, 204, 207, 358–59, 406–8

arms design interests of, 180–85

arrest of, 181–82

atomic bomb and, 144

awards and honors of, 148, 175, 185, 188, 209–11, 242–43, 353, 400–403, 406–7

bronze bust of, 353–54, 401

business ventures of, 404

car owned by, 209–10, 212

childhood of, 146, 170–74, 177

Communist Party and, 4, 146–47, 174–76, 181–82, 185, 191, 210–11, 213, 244–45

education of, 171–72, 174, 182–83

exile of, 146, 148, 172–74, 177, 209–10, 212, 354, 405

experience with tanks of, 4, 174–78, 184, 210, 224

fame and popularity of, 192, 202, 204, 206, 209–10, 211 n , 242–45, 400–401, 403, 406–7

and family of arms built around AK-47, 243–44

father’s death and, 173–74, 210

finances of, 147–48, 209–10, 212, 400, 404

injuries of, 144, 146, 151, 177–81, 185, 210

Izhevsk and, 182 n , 205, 209–10, 243–45, 344–45, 398–400, 403–4, 406–7, 436 n , 445 n

legacy of, 405

memoirs of, 143, 151–52, 173, 179–81, 182 n , 183, 194–95, 206, 211 n , 408

military career of, 4, 147, 174–85, 188, 191, 206, 209–10, 224, 359, 400, 403, 406

at NIPSMVO, 143–48, 183–87

NIPSMVO’s closure and, 345–46

official biography of, 7, 150, 176–83, 190, 195, 210–11, 405

physical appearance of, 174, 193, 405

pride of, 184, 406–7

promotions of, 148, 359, 400, 403, 406

public duties of, 401–3

secrecy and, 211, 401–2

social persecution of, 244–45, 403

Soviet agricultural policy and, 171–72

sporting rifles designed by, 399

on Stalin, 212–13, 405

submachine gun designs of, 181–84

Supreme Soviet membership of, 148, 211–12

traveling of, 400, 403, 444 n

on U.S., 405–6, 444 n

Ustinov’s relationship with, 358–59

in World War II, 144, 146–47, 149, 151, 176–78, 180, 183, 185, 209, 224, 226

Kalashnikov, Nikolai, 170

Kalashnikov, Timofey A., 146, 170, 173–74, 176, 185, 206, 210

Kalashnikov, Viktor Mikhailovich, 181, 186

Kalashnikov, Viktor Timofeyevich, 172–73, 176, 185

Kalashnikova, Alexandra Frolovna, 170, 172–74, 176–77

Kalashnikova, Gasha, 172–73, 181, 185

Kalashnikova, Nelly, 210 n

Kalashnikova, Nyura, 172–73, 181

Kalashnikova, Yekaterina Viktorovna “Katya,” 145, 147–48, 186–87, 210

Kanel, Boris L., 145

Karamojong tribe, 357

Karim, Balan Faraj, 393–95, 397

Kennedy, John F., 271

AR-15 and, 281, 284–85

Vietnam and, 281

Kennedy, Robert F., 323, 442 n

KGB, 13, 150, 237, 249, 385, 407

Khadir, Amanj, 393–94

Khadir, Qais Ibrahim, 393–97

Khan, Ashrat, 10–11

Khan, Mohammad Daoud, 361

Kharkov, Valery, 208

Khartoum, 97, 102, 377

siege of, 78, 81

Khe Sanh, fighting near, 310, 335

Khiva, Russian advance on, 48–49, 57, 61

Khrushchev, Nikita S., 193, 344–46, 403

and AK-47 production and distribution, 202–3, 216–17

foreign policy of, 213–17, 221–23, 237, 265

NIPSMVO’s closure and, 345–46

retirement of, 265

Stalin denounced by, 244–45

Khuyen, Dong Van, 332

Khzar, Shwan, 393

Kimball, William W., 110–11

Kipling, Rudyard, 103–4

Kitchener, Lord Herbert, 102–3

on machine-gun shortages, 129–30

at Omdurman, 97, 100, 102, 124, 129–30

in World War I, 118, 129–31, 134

Komsomol, 174, 181, 185

Konstantinov, Aleksandr, 436 n

Kony, Joseph, 372–80

comparisons between Auma and, 375–77, 379

spirits contacted by, 376–77

Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of (North Korea), 16–17

and AK and AK-type rifle production and distribution, 12–13, 16, 217, 342, 364, 409, 435 n

Korean War, 216, 264, 329, 406

Kosovo, 367–68

Krinkov (AKSU-74), 383

Krupp’s breech-loading artillery, 45

Kuchbarov, Ruslan, 385

Kulbeik, Helmut, 346–47

Kurbatkin, Pavel S., 183

Kurchatov, Igor V., 1–3

Kurds, 13, 220, 388–90, 393–98

Kurz rounds, 161–63, 165–67, 198, 255

L

Labouchère, Henry, 104

Laffargue, André, 131–32

La Garde, Louis A., 117, 255, 426 n

ammunition experiments of, 229–33, 252, 284–85, 287, 435 n , 439 n

Lashkar-e-Taiba, 340, 384

Lebanon, 13, 349, 384

Lee, Arthur, 130

Lee, Robert E., 39

Lee-Enfield rifles, 12 n , 122, 133, 355

LeMay, Curtis, 275, 279–80

Lend-Lease, 344

Lenin, Vladimir I., 160, 170–71, 205, 213, 264, 348–49, 360

Lewis gun, 126–29, 131, 138

Liberia, 370–71

Libya, 339, 349–50, 355–56

and AK and AK-type rifle production and distribution, 350, 387

weapons stockpiling and, 355

Life, 225, 240, 341 n

Lincoln, Abraham, 39–40

Civil War draft protests and, 31–32

and Gatling gun promotion and sales, 25, 34, 35, 37, 40

Union Repeating Gun demonstrated for, 35–37

Lior, Yaacov, 12, 444 n

Litvinoff, Captain, 49–50, 57

Liu Shaoqi, 216

Liu Zhengdong, 434 n

Lloyd George, David, 129–31

Lobengula, King of the Ndebele, 86

Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, 274

London Broad Arrow, 92

London Journal, 44

London Times, 113–14

Loos, fighting at, 130

Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), 372–80

AK-47s used by, 377–79, 387

child soldiers in, 337, 372–73, 376–79

origins of, 373–74

rules of, 376–77

spirits of, 376–77

violence of, 373

Louis-Philippe, King of France, 27

Love, John:

in Gatling gun promotion and sales, 37, 52–54, 57, 421 n

Gatling gun tests and, 50, 53

Lowell gun, 91

Ludwig Loewe and Co., 119

Lyuty, Vasily Fyodorovich, 191–92

M

M1 Garand, 206, 253–54, 258, 271 n

stockpiling of, 355

in Vietnam, 332

in World War II, 199, 253, 295

M-4, 20, 384–86, 409

Georgia’s use of, 285–86

in present, 415

production of, 417 n

purchase prices of, 386

M-14, 271 n , 272–74, 276–77, 306, 317–19, 439 n

accuracy of, 290

AK-47 vs. 273–74, 360

ammunition of, 256, 273, 276, 288

design and development of, 300 n

protypes of, 276

reliability of, 290

testing of, 273–74, 283–90, 293, 360, 444 n

Vietnam and, 270, 272, 295, 303, 310, 314, 317, 319, 324–25

M-16, 267–71, 404

accuracy of, 290, 297, 309

ammunition of, 20, 269, 271, 294, 297–99, 301–2, 304, 307, 310–11, 316–17, 322, 324–27, 334, 353, 415, 444 n

ball powder of, 293–94, 297, 301, 303, 316, 326

Chervenak’s letter and, 321–24, 327–28, 442 n

Colt and, 292, 295–97, 299–303, 307, 310, 312, 315, 323–32, 353, 385 n , 416, 441 n

Congress and, 296, 304, 310, 314–16, 321, 323, 325–27, 331, 334, 356, 442 n

correcting flaws in, 316, 326 n , 329–32, 335, 444 n

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