C. Chivers - The Gun

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The Gun: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

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At a secret arms-design contest in Stalin’s Soviet Union, army technicians submitted a stubby rifle with a curved magazine. Dubbed the AK-47, it was selected as the Eastern Bloc’s standard arm. Scoffed at in the Pentagon as crude and unimpressive, it was in fact a breakthrough—a compact automatic that could be mastered by almost anyone, last decades in the field, and would rarely jam. Manufactured by tens of millions in planned economies, it became first an instrument of repression and then the most lethal weapon of the Cold War. Soon it was in the hands of terrorists.
In a searing examination of modern conflict and official folly, C. J. Chivers mixes meticulous historical research, investigative reporting, and battlefield reportage to illuminate the origins of the world’s most abundant firearm and the consequences of its spread. The result, a tour de force of history and storytelling, sweeps through the miniaturization and distribution of automatic firepower, and puts an iconic object in fuller context than ever before.
The Gun
The Gun
Throughout,
animates unforgettable characters—inventors, salesmen, heroes, megalomaniacs, racists, dictators, gunrunners, terrorists, child soldiers, government careerists, and fools. Drawing from years of research, interviews, and from declassified records revealed for the first time, he presents a richly human account of an evolution in the very experience of war.

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attempted escape to, 346–48

reunification of, 366

terrorism in, 338–40, 350–52, 443 n

weapons stockpiling and, 355

Germany, Nazi, 253–55

and AK-47 design and development, 152, 159, 192, 433 n

automatic rifles used by, 162–65, 187, 199, 207–8, 253–54, 257

rifle cartridges of, 161–63, 165–67

Soviet occupation of, 159, 214

Soviet Union invaded by, 4, 146, 155–57, 159, 164–65, 168–69, 176–80, 182, 185, 199, 209, 238, 343, 358

submachine guns used by, 169, 179

tanks of, 176–79

weapons stockpiling and, 344, 355

in World War II, 1, 4, 143–44, 146–47, 149, 152–53, 155–57, 159, 163–66, 168–69, 174–80, 182, 185, 199, 209, 214, 238, 253–54, 280, 343–44, 355, 358

Germany, Weimar Republic of, 246

Gettysburg, Battle of, 34

Givvin, Thomas R., 311, 440 n , 441 n , 442 n

Godfrey, Edward S., 41

Gold Coast, 47–48, 54, 56

Gorbachev, Mikhail S., 365

Gordon, Charles, 78, 81, 97

Gorloff, Alexander Pavlovich, 40–42, 48–49

Goryunov gun, 185

Grant, Ulysses S., 52, 57–58

Great Britain, 12 n , 30, 73–87, 95, 97–106, 109, 112–13, 364 n , 400, 404 n

ammunition and, 161, 255–56

Ashanti war and, 47–48, 54, 56

and battle at Abu Klea, 78–81

bayonet training in, 124–27

in fighting at Omdurman, 97–102, 124, 129–30, 255

Gardner guns used by, 79–81, 83

and Gatling gun marketing and sales, 40, 54–58, 62, 67, 149

Gatling guns used, 46–48, 54, 56, 62–65, 78, 124

Gatling gun tests and demonstrations in, 46–48, 66, 76, 83

Lewis guns used by, 126–29, 131

machine-gun units of, 126–27, 131, 137

in Matabele War, 86–87

Maxim gun design and, 82

Maxim gun marketing and sales in, 83–84

Maxim gun production in, 89

Maxim guns used by, 85–87, 97–102, 105–6, 112, 119–20, 124

Maxim gun tests and demonstrations in, 76, 83–84

Maxim’s life in, 68, 73–78, 83, 89, 135, 369

mitrailleurs and, 43–44, 46

on morality of machine guns, 103, 105

Puckle’s rapid-fire flintlock and, 27–28

Russo-Japanese War and, 116

and siege of Khartoum, 78

and skepticism about machine guns, 53–54, 62, 112

submachine guns used by, 258, 355

Vickers guns used by, 126–31

weapons profiteering and, 32–33

weapons stockpiling and, 355

in World War I, 118–36, 255

Yonnie insurgency and, 84–85

in Zulu War, 62–65, 87

Great Depression, 236

Great Lakes Naval Hospital, 314

Great Terror, 222, 348

Grechko, Andrei A., 201

Greeley, Horace, 32

Greene, Wallace M., Jr.:

Chervenak’s letter and, 327

M-16 and, 320, 327, 329

on Stoner 63, 292

Grey Goose, 404 n

Griesmer, Bruce E., 266

guerrillas, 9–10, 137, 349–50, 370, 387–89

AK and AK-type rifles used by, 5, 7, 9, 265–66, 268, 270, 350, 361, 363–64, 377–80, 387, 410

in El Salvador, 363–64

in Hungarian revolution, 219, 266

in Iraq, 388–89, 393, 396–97

in Soviet-Afghan War, 10

and terrorist attacks on Israel, 349

training of, 300, 380, 396

in Uganda, 356, 373–80

in Vietnam, 9, 264–66, 270, 282–83, 295 n , 324, 440 n

gunpowder, smokeless, 74, 92, 122, 135

GUNS magazine, 257

Gutfreund, Yossef, 350–51

G. W. Armstrong Company, 54

H

Hackett, David S., 266

Haldane, A., 116

Halil Pasha, 42

Hall, James B., 295–96, 301–3, 331

Hallock, Richard R., 281–82, 288, 303–6, 324–25

Hama-Raheem, Ramazan, 392–93, 396–97

Hamas, 11, 384

Harvard University, 271

Heckler & Koch, 384 n

Henry Rifled Barrel Company, 76–77

Hezbollah flag, 15, 384

Hill Fights, 310–14, 319, 322

Hiroshima, 144

Hitch, Charles J., 280, 289, 292

Hitler, Adolf, 4, 146, 153, 156, 161, 163–64, 166, 174–75, 185, 338, 355

Hogg, Ian V., 76

Holy Spirit Mobile Forces, 374–75

Hotchkiss gun, 51, 53, 55, 91, 109

in Russo-Japanese War, 114, 116–17

Howard, Oliver O., 61–62

Hoxha, Enver, 343

Human Rights Watch, 14

Hungarian State Security Police (ÁVH), 222, 227, 239–40

Hungary, 214–15, 371, 382–83, 399

and AK and AK-type rifle production and distribution, 12, 16, 215, 245, 266, 382, 412

casualties in, 227, 239–42

early use of AK-47s in, 219–20, 223–27, 237, 239–41

free elections in, 365

popular revolution in, 9, 218–27, 237–42, 346, 348, 383

Rákóczi Square murder and, 227, 240–41

reprisals against revolutionaries in, 239–42

Soviet invasions and occupations of, 218, 221–22, 224, 226, 237–41, 243, 348, 407, 436 n

in World War II, 238

Yugoslav embassy in, 226, 238–39

Hunt, Henry J., 60–61

Hussein, Saddam, 11, 382–83, 388, 398

Hutier, Oskar von, 139

Ichord, Richard H., 310, 315–16, 323, 325–27, 334, 442 n

Indianapolis Sentinel, 92

Indians, India, 85, 93, 285–86, 289, 364 n

and AK-47 production and distribution, 12, 248, 250

in battle of Tanga, 119–21

Indian wars, 39

Custer in, 58–64

Gatling guns in, 60–62, 64, 90, 93, 425 n

Nez Percé in, 61–62

I

Indonesia, 251, 258, 437 n

Industrial Revolution, 6, 33, 77

Infantry Journal, 132

Ingush terrorists, 340, 385

Iran, 216, 396

and AK-type rifle production and distribution, 12, 361, 390–91

Iran-Iraq War, 396

Iraq, 216, 340, 411–12, 413 n

and AK and AK-type rifle production and distribution, 11–12, 16, 248, 361, 391, 411, 444 n

assassination attempt in, 388–95

Kurds of, 388–90, 393–98

Marines in, 409

purchase price of AK rifles in, 381–83

wars in, 11, 14, 21, 35, 368 n , 383–84, 386, 388, 396–97

Irish Republican Army, 235

Ishaq, Muhammad, 99

Islamic Jihad, 10

Israelis, Israel, 369, 384, 443 n –44 n

and AK and AK-type rifle production and distribution, 12, 340 n , 341, 349

Egyptian peace treaty with, 358

Egyptian wars with, 12, 216, 341, 355, 358

terrorist attacks on, 339, 340 n , 349–52, 358, 443 n

Italy, 81–83

Minin in, 369–70, 411

Ito, Kanemitsu, 328–33

Izhevsk Machine, Engineering, and Motor Plant Complex, 3–4, 207–10, 402–4

AK-47 tests at, 204–5

AK and AK-type rifles manufactured at, 4, 204–5, 207–8, 210, 217, 242, 345, 399, 402, 409, 412, 433 n

Brezhnev’s visit to, 344–45

gun works at, 3, 158, 205, 344–45, 398–400, 402, 407

Kalashnikov and, 182 n , 205, 209–10, 243–45, 344–45, 398–400, 403–4, 406–7, 436 n , 445 n

in PK design and development, 243

Schmeisser and, 207–8, 433 n

J

Jackson, Captain, 62

Jackson, Samuel L., 15

Japan, 56, 134, 327

and AK-type rifle production and distribution, 340 n

Hotchkiss guns used by, 114, 116–17

rifle cartridges of, 166–67

weapons stockpiling and, 355

in World War II, 264

see also Russo-Japanese War

Joffre, Joseph, 132

Johns Hopkins University, 255

Johnson, Harold K., 292, 295–96, 306, 324

Johnson, Lyndon B., 294, 296

Jordan, 349, 355

Joseph, Chief of the Nez Percé, 61–62

K

Kádár, János, 238–39

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