Josh Rogin - Chaos Under Heaven

222 raised concerns: Mihir Zaveri, “Wary of Chinese Espionage, Houston Cancer Center Chose to Fire 3 Scientists,” New York Times, April 22, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/22/health/md-anderson-chinese-scientists.html.

223 claimed ignorance: Sui-Lee Wee, “China Uses DNA to Track Its People, with the Help of American Expertise,” New York Times, February 21, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/21/business/china-xinjiang-uighur-dna-thermo-fisher.html.

223 MIT had announced: Adam Conner-Simons, “CSAIL Launches New Five-Year Collaboration with IFlyTek,” MIT News, June 15, 2018, https://news.mit.edu/2018/csail-launches-five-year-collaboration-with-iflytek-0615.

223 after reports accused: Will Knight, “MIT Cuts Ties with a Chinese AI Firm amid Human Rights Concerns,” Wired, April 21, 2020, https://www.wired.com/story/mit-cuts-ties-chinese-ai-firm-human-rights/.

223 is collaborating with: Madhumita Murgia and Christian Shepherd, “Western AI Researchers Partnered with Chinese Surveillance Firm,” Financial Times, April 19, 2019, https://www.ft.com/content/41be9878-61d9-11e9-b285-3acd5d43599e.

223 working to automate: Paul Mozur, “One Month, 500,000 Face Scans: How China Is Using A.I. to Profile a Minority, New York Times, April 14, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/14/technology/china-surveillance-artificial-intelligence-racial-profiling.html.

224 began a sweep: Kate O’Keeffe and Aruna Viswanatha, “FBI Sweep of China Researchers Leads to Cat-and-Mouse Tactics,” Wall Street Journal, September 7, 2020, https://www.wsj.com/articles/fbi-sweep-of-china-researchers-leads-to-cat-and-mouse-tactics-11599471001.

226 Soon it leaked: Paul Mozur and Jane Perlez, “China Bets on Sensitive U.S. Start-Ups, Worrying the Pentagon,” New York Times, March 22, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/22/technology/china-defense-start-ups.html.

226 The full report: Michael Brown and Pavneet Singh, China’s Technology Transfer Strategy: How Chinese Investments in Emerging Technology Enable a Strategic Competitor to Access the Crown Jewels of U.S. Innovation (Defense Innovation Unit Experimental, January 2018), 48.

227 launched a public attack: Peter Thiel, “Good for Google, Bad for America,” New York Times, August 1, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/01/opinion/peter-thiel-google.html.

227 “ take a look”: “Remarks by President Trump in Cabinet Meeting,” White House, July 16, 2019, https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-cabinet-meeting-14/.

227 Mnuchin announced: Bowdeya Tweh, “Treasury Secretary Finds No Security Concerns with Google Work in China,” Wall Street Journal, July 24, 2019, https://www.wsj.com/articles/treasury-secretary-finds-no-security-concerns-with-google-work-in-china-11563976459.

227 Trump tweeted: Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump), “@sundarpichai of Google was in the Oval Office working very hard to explain how much he liked me, what a great job the Administration is doing, that Google was not involved with China’s military, that they didn’t help Crooked Hillary over me in the 2016 Election, & that they . . . ,” Twitter, August 6, 2019, 10:51 a.m., https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1158797732821291018.

227 on multiple occasions: Alex Joske, “The Chinese Military’s Exploitation of Western Tech Firms,” Strategist, April 11, 2019, https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/the-chinese-militarys-exploitation-of-western-tech-firms/.

227 according to the testimony: Gordon G. Chang, “U.S. Must Put a Ban on Google Helping China Develop a Global Digital Dictatorship,” Daily Beast, March 26, 2019, https://www.thedailybeast.com/google-snubbed-the-pentagonbut-not-the-chinese-military.

228 reorient Facebooks approach: Josh Rogin, “Facebook Wakes Up to the China Challenge,” Washington Post, October 24, 2019, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/facebook-wakes-up-to-the-china-challenge/2019/10/24/ae5b2fcc-f69f-11e9-8cf0-4cc99f74d127_story.html.

228 “ to other countries”: Tony Romm, “Zuckerberg: Standing for Voice and Free Expression,” Washington Post, October 17, 2019, https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/10/17/zuckerberg-standing-voice-free-expression/.

229 “ key money”: Josh Rogin, “Trump’s TikTok Deal Would Only Make the Problem Worse,” Washington Post, September 24, 2020, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/global-opinions/trumps-tiktok-deal-would-only-make-the-problem-worse/2020/09/24/3b418b7c-fe9f-11ea-8d05-9beaaa91c71f_story.html.

230 move its data: Nick Statt, “Apple’s iCloud Partner in China Will Store User Data on Servers of State-Run Telecom,” Verge, July 18, 2018, https://www.theverge.com/2018/7/18/17587304/apple-icloud-china-user-data-state-run-telecom-privacy-security.

230 granting Beijing’s demands: Washington Post Editorial Board, “Apple Accedes to China’s Despotic Demands,” Washington Post, October, 15, 2019, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-costs-of-apples-business-in-china/2019/10/15/8a038dde-ef85-11e9-89eb-ec56cd414732_story.html.

230 Global Times would report: Stephen Warwick, “China Threatens Apple with Investigations and Restrictions in Response to U.S. Treatment of Huawei,” iMore, May 15, 2020, https://www.imore.com/china-threatens-companies-apple-investigations-and-restrictions-response-treatment-huawei.

231 In its 2017 report: 2017 Report to Congress of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission (Washington, DC: US Government Publishing Office, November 2017), 73. https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/annual_reports/2017_Annual_Report_to_Congress.pdf.

231 that went bad: Walter Pavlo, “Fraud in Chinese Reverse Mergers on American Exchanges—and We’re Surprised?,” Forbes, April 8, 2011, https://www.forbes.com/sites/walterpavlo/2011/04/08/fraud-in-chinese-reverse-mergers-on-american-exchanges-and-were-surprised/.

231 memorandum of understanding: “PCAOB Enters into Enforcement Cooperation Agreement with Chinese Regulators,” Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, May 24, 2013, https://pcaobus.org:443/News/Releases/Pages/05202013_ChinaMOU.aspx.

232 raised $25 billion: Aaron Timms, “Deals of the Year 2014: Alibaba Sets IPO Record with NYSE Debut,” Institutional Investor, December 10, 2014, https://www.institutionalinvestor.com/article/b14zbh3xzm35m3/deals-of-the-year-2014-alibaba-sets-ipo-record-with-nyse-debut.

232 The China Hustle: Josh Rogin, “It’s Time to End the ‘China Hustle’ on U.S. Stock Exchanges,” Washington Post, August 30, 2018, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/global-opinions/its-time-to-end-the-china-hustle-on-us-stock-exchanges/2018/08/30/50137c1a-ac8d-11e8-8a0c-70b618c98d3c_story.html.

233 “ Chinese government”: Mike Bird, “How China Pressured MSCI to Add Its Market to Major Benchmark,” Wall Street Journal, February 3, 2019, https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-china-pressured-msci-to-add-its-market-to-major-benchmark-11549195201.

234 MSCI quadrupled: Asjylyn Loder, “Indexes to Unleash Flood of Money into Chinese Stocks,” Wall Street Journal, May 16, 2019, https://www.wsj.com/articles/indexes-to-unleash-flood-of-money-into-chinese-stocks-11558006200.

234 sent about $80 billion: Michael Wursthorn and Shen Hong, “Chinese Shares Gain Global Sway Thanks to Index Firm’s Move,” Wall Street Journal, March 1, 2019, https://www.wsj.com/articles/chinese-shares-gain-global-sway-thanks-to-index-firms-move-11551392626.