György Spiró - Captivity

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Captivity: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация

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The epic bestseller and winner of the prestigious Aegon Literary Award in Hungary, Captivity is an enthralling and illuminating historical saga set in the time of Jesus about a Roman Jew on a quest to the Holy Land.
A literary sensation in Hungary, György Spiró’s Captivity is both a highly sophisticated historical novel and a gripping page-turner. Set in the tumultuous first century A.D., between the year of Christ’s death and the outbreak of the Jewish War, Captivity recounts the adventures of the feeble-bodied, bookish Uri, a young Roman Jew.
Frustrated with his hapless son, Uri’s father sends the young man to the Holy Land to regain the family’s prestige. In Jerusalem, Uri is imprisoned by Herod and meets two thieves and (perhaps) Jesus before their crucifixion. Later, in cosmopolitan Alexandria, he undergoes a scholarly and sexual awakening — but must also escape a pogrom. Returning to Rome at last, he finds an entirely unexpected inheritance.
Equal parts Homeric epic, brilliantly researched Jewish history, and picaresque adventure, Captivity is a dramatic tale of family, fate, and fortitude. In its weak-yet-valiant hero, fans will be reminded of Robert Graves’ classics of Ancient Rome, I, Claudius and Claudius the God.
"With the novel Captivity, Spiró proved that he is well-versed in both historical and human knowledge. It appears that in our times, it is playfulness that is expected of literary works, rather than the portrayal of realistic questions and conflicts. As if the two, playfulness and seriousness were inconsistent with each other! On the contrary (at least for me) playfulness begins with seriousness. Literature is a serious game. So is Spiró’s novel.?"
— Imre Kertész, Nobel Prize — winning author of Fatelessness
"Like the authors of so many great novels, György Spiró sends his hero, Uri, out into the wide world. Uri is a Roman Jew born into a poor family, and the wide world is an overripe civilization — the Roman Empire. Captivity can be read as an adventure novel, a Bildungsroman, a richly detailed portrait of an era, and a historico-philosophical parable. The long series of adventures — in which it is only a tiny episode that Uri is imprisoned together with Jesus and the two thieves — at once suggest the vanity of human endeavors and a passion for life. A masterpiece."
— László Márton
“[Captivity is] an important work by yet another representative of Hungarian letters who has all the chances to become a household name among the readers of literature in translation, just like Nadas, Esterhazy and Krasznahorkai.… Meticulously researched.… The novel has been a tremendous success in Hungary, having gone through more than a dozen editions. The critics lauded its page-turning quality along with the wealth of ideas and the ambitious recreation of historical detail.”
— The Untranslated
“A novel of education and a novel of adventure that brings to life ancient Rome, Alexandria and Jerusalem with a vividness of detail that is stunning. Spiró’s prose is crisp and colloquial, the kind of prose that aims for precision rather than literary thrills. A serious and sophisticated novel that is also engrossing and highly readable is a rare thing. Captivity is such a novel.”
— Ivan Sanders, Columbia University
“György Spiró aspired at nothing less than (…) present a theory in novelistic form about the interweavedness of religion and politics, lay bare the inner workings of power and give an insight into the art of survival….This book is an incredible page turner, it reads easily and avidly like the greatest bestsellers while also going as deep as the greatest thinkers of European philosophy.”
— Aegon Literary Award 2006 jury recommendation
“What this sensational novel outlines is the demonic nature of History. Ethically as well as historically, this an especially grand-scale parable. Captivity gets its feet under any literary table you care to mention."
— István Margócsy, Élet és Irodalom
“This book is a major landmark for the year.”
— Pál Závada, Népszabadság
“It would not be surprising if literary historians were soon calling him the re-assessor and regenerator of the post-modern novel.”
— Gergely Mézes, Magyar Hírlap
“Impossibly engrossing from the very first page….Building on a huge volume of reference material, the novel rings true from both a historical and a literary point of view.”
— Magda Ferch, Magyar Nemzet

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Philo also related that Aulus Avilius Flaccus, the prefect of Egypt (“our dear Aulus”), was a genuinely cultivated man who devoted substantial sums out of Roman treasury coffers to acquiring books, obviously with Tiberius’s awareness; he also financed the enticement of famous scholars to Alexandria, just as Cleopatra had done, and they came, but still the truly talented rhetoricians headed for Rome as anyone who became successful could make better money there: Rome had great allure for those skilled in legal argumentation.

Uri commented that he would like to read in the library before the next misfortune befell it, and if he could not do so as a Roman citizen, then he would apply for Alexandrian citizenship, except he did not know how to do that.

“There’s no way,” said Philo.

“I find it hard to believe that there is no back door,” said Uri.

He felt a devil was taking hold:

“I’d also like to attend the Gymnasium,” he declared. “Anyone who completes that is automatically given rights of citizenship, isn’t that so?”

Philo studied Uri’s totally unexceptional features with great interest. Uri bent forward to pick a fig for himself.

“So it is, only it’s not that easy to get in,” said Philo paternally. “The entrance exam is tough: you have to get a distinction in all subjects, most particularly if you are Jewish…”

“God forbid!” said Uri. “I can get distinctions if necessary.”

Philo chuckled.

“Have you tried before?” he asked.

“Not yet,” said Uri. “I’m sure it would turn out right…”

“The Gymnasium has just two Jewish students altogether,” said Philo, growing serious. “Tija is brilliant by any standard, and there’s another boy by the name of Apollonos, an extraordinarily gifted orator; his father is a merchant in sesame oil in Memphis. The head could hardly be prevailed on to take even him on. Tija he was forced to enroll, as he had Greek citizenship by birthright after my brother had earned it.”

“I’m not scared of failure,” said Uri. “If I happen to find myself in Alexandria, I might as well try. In Rome I used to peek through the fence around the Greek Gymnasium, and I used to envy the boys the chance to be there… They played ball games, ran… Not one Jew among them… No one among us ever aspired to enter; it never so much as crossed my mind… I was still a toddler then… I now feel that I may have learned a thing or two through my travels… Thanks to Agrippa, who put me in the delegation.”

“And who is going to support you financially?” Philo queried. “The first year costs a packet… The most outstanding are taught free from the second year on, but that goes only for a very few. Who will pay the school fees in the first year, Gaius Theodorus?”

“I’ll earn the money,” Uri said confidently.

Philo pondered.

“Even then it’s not sure they’ll take you on… Apollonos has remarkable oratorical gifts, being able to extemporize on any given subject for several hours on end — a real joy to hear…”

Philo snorted with laughter.

“Not long ago I was present at the oratory competition that is run every year on the Gymnasium’s grounds and free for anyone who cares to listen… The subject chosen for him was frog’s legs… He plunged right into it with a moment’s preparation, anything you can think of, from Homer through Sophocles to Aristotle, he mixed in a bit of everything and everybody, citing nonexisting lines from the Iliad, ad-libbed hexameters about the intimate sensual relations of Helen of Troy and the frog. It had the whole audience in stitches… He’s an incredibly sharp-witted young man who will almost certainly be granted citizenship.”

“I’m still going to apply,” said Uri.

Philo shook his head.

“There’s nothing to stop you from applying; even a Jew may apply,” he said with a troubled look, “but the entrance exam is very stiff. The head in person asks the questions and at best he will admit one of us Jews in a decade… Like that Apollonos… Tija was also there at his entrance exam; Apollonos improvised on the spot a text in couplets about how Moses became a pharaoh through murder, and it was the murdered pharaoh’s son who led the Egyptians out of their own land because they could not stand the evil rule of the Jews… In the wilderness on the way there appeared to the pharaoh’s son, all of a sudden, some five hundred gods, and they made a collective conversion… So, as they are wending their way toward their new homeland the Egyptians began spreading their polytheism in Canaan and the whole of the Hellenistic world, but to this day they have remained in a minority, poor things, because backward, pagan Judaism still remains in vogue, choking every other faith…”

Philo guffawed, his head rocking in mirth; Uri morosely held his tongue. A clever boy it seemed, that Apollonos; Tija too, as he had already found out. These were people he could not compete with.

“I’d give it a go, all the same,” he muttered under his breath.

“What’s that?” Philo asked.

“The entrance exam… What does it comprise?”

Philo shook his head.

“I don’t know. You’d have to ask Tija… If you very much want to… genuinely very much want to, and if you don’t wish to return to Rome as yet, which really would make no sense for the time being, then I could drop a word in Isidoros’s ear to pay attention when you apply…”

Philo’s eyes misted over as he went on:

“If he takes you on, then I’ll pay for you studies…”

“I shall apply,” said Uri obstinately. “Any my thanks in advance.”

Philo choked back his tears and wagged his head.

“Perhaps it’s no handicap if I recommend you,” he ruminated. “Isidoros holds my work in esteem… Though I suspect that in his heart of hearts, he detests me too…”

Tija shrugged his shoulders when Uri pumped him about the entrance exam that weekend.

“I didn’t have to take it,” he said. “I’m a Greek citizen, and Isidoros is under an obligation to my father as every year the Gymnasium receives a nice little sum from us… Apollonos, on the other hand, had to take the exam; out of sixty-six Jewish applicants, he was the only one to be accepted. Ask him.”

“Where can I find him?” Uri asked.

“At the Gymnasium, he’s a boarder.”

“But I won’t be allowed in.”

“Probably not, I suppose.”

“When does he go out?”

“He doesn’t make a habit of it.”

Uri nodded, and switched instead to asking whether it was not time to make a start of the Latin tuition.

“Get real!” said Tija. “Philo long forgot about the whole business. He has to be told anything five times over before it finally registers with him.”

Uri shrugged his shoulders: he had made up his mind that he didn’t need any help from Tija.

Tija waited for Uri to insist, and he was surprised that he did nothing of the kind.

“Tell me,” Uri finally spoke. “Why are you all being so nice to me?”

They were standing in the atrium, by a shaded, western wall. It was the afternoon of the Sabbath when it was permissible to chat and everything had been prepared for them on the Friday afternoon.

“Your father lent money to Agrippa,” said Tija pensively. “So did my father, but only four times as much as your father lent, even though he is umpteen thousand times wealthier. Agrippa sent a message to Jerusalem through you… It must have been an important message, and any of Agrippa’s people is our ally.”

Uri nodded.

“All the same,” he persisted. “What are you supporting me for?”

Tija smiled wryly:

“I have no idea,” he said, and he sounded sincere. “Maybe we need a reliable courier. We don’t have too many reliable contacts in Rome: the Roman Jews are cowardly, narrow-minded, and they know nothing about Roman politics. Or rather… Maybe we are afraid of you, Gaius Theodorus. You may become a man of importance, just as Agrippa will become king, and you can be sure that he will. It is unusual for someone to be chosen as one of the delegates who carry the money to Jerusalem, and Agrippa explicitly said, I remember it distinctly, that it was on his word that you were taken into the delegation. For some reason, he must have a high regard for you. You were sent ahead to study the situation in Judaea. Your on-the-spot knowledge will be important for him one of these days: he has not really seen anything of Judaea as he was constrained to living on Antipas’s favor when he had to vanish from Rome on account of his mounting debts, so he had no time to look around in Judaea. You’re a favorite of Agrippa’s, and it doesn’t matter why. You may or may not be his spy, as my father assumes, and if that’s what he assumes, then that’s the way it is. Whether you’re a sleepwalker or an ignorant novice, you still become what people consider you to be, and you can’t do anything about that. It does no harm if the confidant of the future king of the Jewish empire-in-the-making, is, at the same time, under an obligation to us.”

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