Svetlana Flemming - Colloquial Russian - The Next Step in Language Learning

lingviśtom, zna´[t vo vsej strane´. 3 Pu´wkin (l[bi´t;) l[d;mi´

421111

vsex voźrastov, sa´myj populqŕnyj po\´t v Rossií. 4 Meto´dika

186

|

Education

prepodavańiq inostrańnyx qzyko´v, (ispoĺ;zovat;) v \´tom universite´te, sa´maq sovremeńnaq. 5 Mno´gie tovaŕy, (vvozi´t;) v Rossi´[, oblaga´[tsq po´wlinoj. 6 V peha´ti mno´go govoriĺos; o no´vyx wkoĺ;nyx progra´mmax, (finansiŕovat;) gosudaŕstvom.

7 Su´mmy, (vnosi´t;) rodi´telqmi za obrazovańie dete´j, ves;maźnahi´tel;ny. 8 Stipeńdii, (poluha´t;) studeńtami, ne xvataét da´'e na uhe´bniki. 9

Obqza´tel;nyx \kza´menov, (sdava´t;)

studeńtami, vsego´ dva – ruśskij qzy´k i matema´tika.

Passive voice

Note that the present passive participle may not be used to form the passive voice. Use either the reflexive verb ( see unit 4) or the short form of the past passive participle ( see unit 8). Note the use of the instrumental when a reflexive verb is used to convey a passive meaning. It translates ‘by’:

Prepodava´teli pi´wut uhe´bnik.

The lecturers are writing a textbook.

Uhe´bnik pi´wetsq prepodava´telqmi.

The textbook is being written by lecturers.

Exercise 5

Replace the active construction by a passive.

Example: V kru´pnyx goroda´x Rossií stro´qt metro´ – V

kru´pnyx goroda´x Rossií stroítsq metro´.

1 Vhera´ po televiźoru peredavaĺi intereśnye no´vosti. 2 Ruśskij qzy´k prepoda[

´ t vo mno´gix angli´jskix universite´tax. 3 Lu´hwim studeńtam vyda[

´ t stipeńdi[. 4 V Rossií goto´vqt no´vu[ refoŕmu obrazovańiq. 5 Rodi´teli opla´hiva[t vyśwee obrazovańie v zaviśimosti ot ix doxo´da. 6 Lu´hwix studeńtov prinima´[t v institu´t bez \kza´menov. 7 Dlq stroi´tel;stva no´vyx zdańij mosko´vskij m\r priglawaét inostrańnyx specialiśtov.

Obrazovanie

|

187

1111

Transitive and intransitive pairs

2

Remember that reflexive verbs are intransitive and cannot be followed 3

by a direct object:

4

5

Q nahina´[ rabo´tu v west;.

6

I start work at six.

7

Rabo´ta nahinaétsq v west;.

8111

Work starts at six.

9

10

1

Exercise 6

2

3

Decide which verb to use in the following sentences.

4

5

1 Situaćiq izmeniĺa / izmeniĺas; v lu´hwu[ stoŕonu. 2 On 6

okońhil / okońhilsq universite´t s otli´hiem. 3 Sre´dnqq zarpla´ta 7

v strane´

v posle´dnee vre´mq uveli´hila / uveli´hilas;. 4

8

|konomi´heskoe polo'eńie v Rossií bu´det uluhwa´t; / uluhwa´t;sq.

9

5 Refoŕma obrazovańiq prodol'aét / prodol'aétsq vyzyva´t; mno´go 20111

1

spoŕov. 6 Le´kcii nahina´[t / nahina´[tsq v 9 haso´v utra´. 7 S

2

ka´'dym go´dom gosudaŕstvo sokra]aét / sokra]aétsq rasxo´dy 3

na obraźovanie. 8 Zarpla´ta uhitele´j vse¨ vremq umen;waét /

4

umen;waétsq. 9 |kza´meny końhili / końhilis; v i[

ńe. 10 Edińyj

5

\kza´men skoŕo bu´det provodi´t; / provodi´t;sq po vsej strane´.

6

7

8

Dialogue 1

9

30

An interview with the Rector of

1

Moscow State Technical University,

2

I.B. Fyodorov

3

4

@URNALIŚT

V 1995 godu´ Vaw

5

universite´t poluhiĺ

6

sta´tus oso´bo ceńnogo

7

kul;tuŕnogo ob#e´kta

8

Rossi´jskoj Federaćii.

9

40

Hto \´to zna´hit dlq Vas?

1

RE´KTOR

|to bol;wa´q hest; i bol;wa´q otve´tstvennost;. Iz

421111

mosko´vskix vuźov sta´tus oso´bo ceńnogo ob#e´kta za

188

|

Education

zaslu´gi v o´blasti obrazovańiq poluhiĺi toĺ;ko dva

vuźa – MGU i MGTU im. Baúmana.