Derek Offord - Using Russian - A Guide to Contemporary Usage

in verbs, 444–8

toasts 243–4

miscellaneous, 10, 254

too , translation of 162

nouns with irregular stress in

transition words 15, 62, 176–7

prepositional forms, 442–3

transitive verbs xxxii, 159–60, 263, 330

on prefix вы-, 256

tsokane xxxii, 22

prepositions that attract stress, 292,

443

varieties of language, 6–9; see also

variation in, 6, 7, 10, 13, 452–4

register

words with fixed stress, 434, 438,

velars xxxi, 254, 255, 291

439–40

verb:

stump compounds xxxi, 59, 286

basic system of conjugation, 315–16

subjunctive mood xxxi, 416–18

conjugation 1A, 316

subordination: see conjunctions,

conjugation 1B (consonant stem,

subordinating

stressed ending), 317–19, 322

suffixes:

conjugation 1B (consonant stem,

adjectival, 280, 283

unstressed ending), 317–19

augmentative, 277, 279

conjugation 1B (stems in л and p),

colloquial, 11, 266–7, 270, 273, 275,

316–17

281, 285

conjugation 1B (vowel stem, stressed

definition, xxxii

ending), 317

demotic, 13, 285

conjugation 1B (vowel stem, unstressed

diminutive, 17, 277–9, 280–1

ending), 316

double diminutive, 279

conjugation 2, 322–4

hypocoristic, 230–3, 277–9

conjugation 2 with consonant change,

of nouns, 49, 52, 57, 216, 223, 233–4,

323–4

266–80

conjugation 2 with epenthetic л, 324

of participial origin, 284–5

definitions, xxiv, xxv

pejorative, 17, 279–80

denoting change of state, 319, 326

verbal, 267, 270–1, 285

irregular, 324

surnames, declension 303

see also dative case, genitive case,

syntax:

imperative, imperfective,

colloquial, 12, 39, 42, 44, 423–5

instrumental case, past tense,

definition, xxxii

perfective,

demotic, 14

verb to be , translation of 15, 40, 44, 47,

formal, 47

57, 59, 62, 71, 150–4

in high register, 49, 57

verbal etiquette 228–51

regional, 24–5

verbal nouns 16, 49, 52, 57, 161; see also

see also , 59, 62, 71

suffixes, of nouns

verbs of motion:

telephone conversations 248–50

forms, 329

telephone numbers 208

use, 412–13

492

General index

vocabulary:

weight: see measurement

colloquial, 10–11, 40, 42, 44, 47, 70

will , translation of 158–9

demotic, 13, 30, 71

wishing 242–4, 417

of language of internet, 18, 70–1

word-formation xxxii, 6, 13, 52,

regional, 23

252–87

specialised, 49, 56

word order 378, 425–8

variation according to register, 18–19

would , translation of 159

vocative xxxii, 12, 230–3

written language 8, 9, 17–18

volume: see measurement

vulgar language 8, 17, 30, 190–2

years , translation after numerals 402

493

Document Outline

Half-title

Series-title

Title

Copyright

Contents

Preface to the first edition

Preface to the second edition

Acknowledgements

Sources

Reference works

Specific references

Note on transcription, stress marks and transliteration

Glossary of linguistic terms

List of abbreviations

1 Varieties of language and register

1.1 The Russian language and its distribution

1.2 Varieties of language

1.3 Registers

1.3.1 The colloquial register (R1)

1.3.2 Demotic speech (D)

1.3.3 The neutral register (R2)

1.3.4 The higher register (R3)

(a) Academic/scientific style…

(b) Official/business style…

(c) The styles of journalism and political debate…

1.3.5 Styles of belles-lettres…

1.3.6 Language of the internet…

1.4 Illustration of register in vocabulary

1.5 Regional variation in Russian

1.5.1 Standard pronunciation

1.5.2 Classification of Russian dialects

1.5.3 Regional features

1.6 Current debate about standard Russian

Notes

2 Passages illustrating register

2.1 R1: from a TV show

2.2 R1: based on a conversation in a Russian internet chatroom

2.3 R2: magazine interview with a popular actor

2.4 Question-and-answer session with President Putin

2.5 R3a: academic style (historiography)

2.6 R3a: academic style (scientific writing)

2.7 R3b: official/business style (legal)

2.8 R3b: official business style (commercial)

1.…

2.…

3.…

4.…

5.…

6.…

1. The subject of the agreement

2. The value of the agreement

3. Obligations of the parties [to the agreement]

4. Operative period of this agreement

5. Force majeure

6. Special conditions

2.9 R3c: political journalism (reporting)

2.10 R3c: political journalism (comment)

AP…

2.11 Classical poetry

2.12 Literary prose

2.13 Language of the internet

3 Problems of meaning: Russian words

3.1 Homonyms

3.1.1 Examples of homonyms

3.1.2 Homonyms with different plural forms

3.2 Homophones and homoforms

3.3 Homographs

3.4 Paronyms

3.5 Faux amis…

3.6 Problems of number

3.6.1 Nouns with plural form only

3.6.2 Nouns with singular form only

3.7 Russian words difficult to render in English

4 Problems of translation from English into Russian

4.1 English words difficult to render in Russian

4.2 Translation of the verb to be

4.3 Translation of English modal auxiliary verbs

4.4 Transitive and intransitive verbs

4.5 Translation of English forms ending in -ing

4.6 Translation of too, also, as well

5 Vocabulary and idiom

5.1 Neologisms

5.1.1 Western loanwords in Russian

5.1.2 Recent loanwords from English

5.1.3 Neologisms derived from existing Russian words

5.1.4 Slang

5.1.5 Computing terminology

5.2 Transition words

5.3 Fillers

5.4 Modal particles

5.5 Interjections

5.6 Vulgar language

5.7 Idioms

5.8 Proverbs and sayings…

5.9 Similes

Note

6 Language and everyday life

6.1 Measurement

6.1.1 Length, distance, height

6.1.2 Area

6.1.3 Weight

6.1.4 Volume

6.1.5 Russian pre-revolutionary units of measure

6.1.6 Speed

6.1.7 Temperature

6.2 Currency

6.3 Fractions and presentation of numerals

6.4 Time

6.5 Telephone numbers

6.6 Postal addresses

6.7 Family relationships

6.8 Public notices

6.9 Abbreviations of titles, weights, measures and common expressions

6.10 Acronyms and alphabetisms

6.11 Names of countries and nationalities

6.11.1 Russia and the other states of the former Soviet Union

6.11.2 Other regions and national minorities of Russia and the former Soviet Union

6.11.3 Europe…

6.11.4 Africa…

6.11.5 America…

6.11.5 Asia…

6.11.7 The Middle East…

6.11.8 Australia and New Zealand

6.12 Words denoting inhabitants of Russian and former Soviet cities

6.13 Jokes…and puns…

7 Verbal etiquette

7.1 Introductory remarks

7.2 Use of…and…

7.3 Personal names

7.3.1 First names…

7.3.2 Patronymics…

7.4 Attracting attention…

7.5 Introductions…

7.6 Greetings…

7.7 Farewells…

7.8 Congratulation…

7.9 Wishing…

7.10 Gratitude…

7.11 Apologising…

7.12 Request…

7.13 Invitation…

7.14 Reassurance and condolence…

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