Кущ Т.Ю., Воловник М.С. Основы английского языка для судовых электриков (1998)

26. / 4 мин. / Учитывая грамматические признаки и смысл, выберите соответствующую форму сказуемого в следующих пре-дожениях.

V

1. You may .turn the water on if you like. I told him he ( a) may turn, b) might turn, c) will have to turn) the water on if he liked. 2. He got to know he (a) have to turn, b) has to turn, c) had to turn) the water off three hours later. 3. Bob (a) is trying, b) tries, c) tried) to open a tin of salmon. Can’t you help him? He may cut his fingers. - No, I can’t. I (a) was watching, b) will be watching, c) am watching ) the stars. 4. The coil of wire has just begun rotating. The spectators noticed that the coil of wire (a) is beginning, b) has begun, c) had just begun) rotating. 5. I did tell you.I (a) hadn’t) finished, b) wouldn’t finish, c) wouldn't have finished ) the experiment yet. 6.1 read in the press yesterday that a great scientific achievement (a) was made, b) had been made, c) was being made).

27. / 4 мин. / Прочтите предложения, обращая внимание на временйые и залоговые значения глагольных форм, и переведите их.

1. It was said in the article that our age was the^ age of spesialization. 2. Aristotle considered that this theory would best agree with his general views on nature. 3. I had only just taken a look at your design when you came in. 4. You had be$f told, I believe, before you started working that you had to base youf designs on scientific data. 5. When Jean came home the back door had been broken open, & the furniture was being carried out & put into a lorry which was waiting across the road.

28. / 3 мин. / Парная работа. (На материале первых двух абзацев основного текста.) а) Прослушав первый абзац, прочитанный партнером, передайте его содержание по-русски, б) При работе над вторым абзацем поменяйтесь ролями. -

29. / 5 мин. / Ответьте на вопросы по-английски.

1. What is the other name of an a-c generator? 2. What makes you assume that varying the exciting voltage will have no effect on the frequency? 3. What precautions must be taken when the generated voltage varies with the load? 4. What is the purpose of impregnation?

30. / 2 мин. / Учитывая контекст, заполните пропуски в предложениях.

1. Several conditions must be ... before alternators can be paralleled. 2. The output voltage of the alternators must be ... , &

the frequency must be.......3. Assuming that two alternators are

to be paralleled,... the voltage of each by ... the excitation voltage of the d-c generator supplying current to the alternator fields & the ... by adjusting the speed of the.......

31. / 4 мин. / Составьте предложения, используя набор слов.

1. polarity, alternator, synchronize. 2. operation, call, phasing

out, alternator, perform, manner. 3. assume, phase out, alternator B. 4. connect, set, lamp, switch, show, illustration.

32. / 3 мин!/ Заполните пропуски в предложениях, мысленно обращаясь к содержанию основного текста.

l.If both alternators are running at the required speed & generating the proper voltage, all three sets of lamps should .... 2. The three-pole switch is closed when.... 3. If each set of lamps goes on & off alternately, it is indication that.... 4. To remedy such a condition ....

33. / 5 мин. / а) Прочтите текст и постарайтесь понять его содержание, б) Поговорите в парах о работе генератора.

Operation of a Synchronous Generator

In operation, the generator is first brought to speed & the field poles slowly excited with direct current. As the rotor fields revolve, lines of force cut across the stator winding & cause current to be induced therein. If the stator is connected for three phases, then three phase current will be generated. For single phase, only two of the three wires are used, or, if star connected, one phase wire & a star point. If two phase is desired, it will be necessary to transform from three chase to two phase.

34. / 10 мин. / Переведите текст на русский язык, последовательно излагая содержание логически завершенных частей. Рабо-' тайте по образцу задания 15 каждого раздела.

Alternating Current Service Generators ( ACSG)

(from “The Rules for the Classification & Construction of Ships”)

Each ACSG, unless of the self-regulated type, is to be operated in conjunction with a separate automatic regulator (AVR).

The voltage regulation of any ACSG with its AVR is to be such that at any loads from zero to full load the fated voltage at rated power factor is maintained under steady conditions within -+/- 2.5%.

In a-c systems with one generator set out of action, the remaining sets are to have sufficient reserve capacity to permit the starting of the largest motor in the ship without causing any motor to stall or any other device to fail due to excessive voltage drop on

Fig. 12. The circuitry of one-shot /pulse generating/IC. a,b - NOR gates with inverted inputs f-NORgate d,e- AND gatesc - NAND - gate g, h, i - invertors

the system.

When generators are operated in parallel the kVA loads of the individual generating sets are not to differ.from their proportionate sharB obthe total kVA output of the largest machine when operating at 0.8 power factor.

35. / 45 мин. / Прочтите два текста, а) Напишите по-английски пункты, которые дополняют основной текст о генераторах переменного тока; б) объясните Рис. 12.

Alternating-Current Generators ( ACG )

Most of the electric power for use aboard ship is generated by ACG. ACG are made in many different sizes. However, all generators operate on the same basic principle - a magnetic field cutting through conductors, or conductors passing through a magnetic field. Thus all generators will have at least distinct sets of conductors.

In addition to the armature & field, there must also be motion between the two. To provide this, ACG are built in two major assemblies, the stator & the rotor.

In the revolving armature ACG, the stator provides a stationary electromagnetic field. The rotor, acting as the armature, revolves in the field, cutting the lines of force, producing the desired output voltage. In this generator, the output of the armature is taken through slip rings & thus retain.its alternating characteristic. vThe revolving-field ACG is by far the most widely used type. Since the output power is taken from stationary windings the output may be connected through fixed terminals directly to the external loads. This is advantageous, in that there are no sliding contacts, & the «[hole output circuit is continuously insulated, thus minimizing the danger of arc-over (дуговой разряд).

Electric Revolution Counter

The electric counter electrically counts & indicates the number of revolutions of the propeller shaft or the engine. The number of revolutions can be read at an optional place apart from the propeller shaft or engine. It receives the pulses from the transmitter by the drive circuit & the display proceeds by one step per one pulse. The transmitter emits one pulse per ten revolutions of the.propeller shaft or the engine.