Agnia Grigas - Beyond Crimea

131. Milda Seputyte, “Snoras Bank Likely Over-Reported 300 Million Euros in Assets,” BloombergBusiness, 18 November 2011, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2011-11-18/snoras-bank-likely-over-reported-300-million-euros-in-assets; “Snoras UK High Court Appeal Scheduled for 22 July,” Lithuania Tribune , 14 March 2014, http://www.lithuaniatribune.com/65147/snoras-uk-high-court-appeal-scheduled-for-22-july-201465147/.

132. Maliukevičius interview.

133. Grigas, “Legacies, Coercion and Soft Power,” pp. 2–3.

134. Ibid.

135. Lavrentjev interview.

136. Grigas, “Legacies, Coercion and Soft Power,” pp. 3–5; Ian Traynor, “Russia Accused of Unleashing Cyberwar to Disable Estonia,” The Guardian , 17 May 2007, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/may/17/topstories3.russia; “Estonia Hit by ‘Moscow Cyber War,’” BBC News, 17 May 2007, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6665145.stm.

137. Przemysław Żurawski vel Grajewski, “The Military Aspect of the National Security Strategy of the Republic of Poland of 2007 and the Programme of Professionalization of the Polish Armed forces of 2008 in the Context of NATO,” in NATO Towards the Challenges of a Contemporary World 2013 , ed. Robert Czulda and Robert Łoś (Warsaw: International Relations Research Institute, 2013), p. 106.

138. Anda Rožkalne, “Slēptā reklāma nogalina maigi,” Providus, 12 October 2010, http://new.politika.lv/article/slepta-reklama-nogalina-maigi.

139. “Too Russian to Have Rights? Latvia to Vote on ‘Alien’ Language,” RT, 6 February 2012, http://rt.com/news/russian-latvia-language-referendum-559/.

140. “Language Inquisition: Estonia Bans Speaking Russian,” RT, 3 December 2012, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oYgwAyac7Iw.

141. “Estonian, Latvian Russian-language TV Channels Plan Cooperation,” news.err.ee, 31 March 2015, http://news.err.ee/v/politics/cd4f475b-2c59-4721-8087-583ba9dd92d7.

142. “Rossiiskoe TV o Evromaidane: ‘Mest’ shvedov za Poltavu,’” podrobnosti.ua , 2 December, 2013, http://podrobnosti.ua/945652-rossijskoe-tv-o-evromajdane-mest-shvedov-za-poltavu.html.

143. “Prigovorennye: Kapkan dlya gruppy Al’fa,” NTV, http://www.ntv.ru/peredacha/Prigovorennye/last23589540/.

144. The channels were NTV Mir, First Baltic Channel PBK, and RTR Planeta; “Temporal [ sic ] Suspension of NTV Mir Lithuania Programme Parts,” 19 March 2014, http://www.rtk.lt/en/news/news/temporal_suspension_of_ntv_mir_lithuania_programme_parts.

145. “VSD: šalyje kurstoma etninė nesantaika,” lzinios.lt, 4 September 2014, http://lzinios.lt/lzinios/Lietuvoje/vsd-salyje-kurstoma-etnine-nesantaika/186781.

146. Lietuvos Respublikos valstybės saugumo departamentas, “2014 metų veiklos ataskaita,” March 2015, http://www.vsd.lt/Files/Documents/635645217977365000.pdf.

147. Dalia Grybauskaitė, “Privalome ginti Lietuvos informacinę erdvę,” 12 December 2014, http://www.president.lt/lt/spaudos_centras_392/pranesimai_spaudai/privalome_ginti_lietuvos_informacine_erdve.html.

148. “Vilniuje, Kaune, Klaipėdoje—kratos: Rusiją šlovino ne šiaip sau,” Delfi, 19 March 2015, http://www.delfi.lt/news/daily/lithuania/vilniuje-kaune-klaipedoje-kratos-rusija-slovino-ne-siaip-sau.d?id=67477918.

149. Lavrentjev interview.

150. “Putin Calmed the Baltic States: We Will Not Bring In Military Forces.”

151. “Kremliaus provokacija: Prijunkime Klaipėdos kraštą prie Rusijos,” lrytas.lt, 12 March 2014, http://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvos-diena/aktualijos/kremliaus-provokacija-prijunkime-klaipedos-krasta-prie-rusijos.htm.

152. Vytenė Stašaitytė, “Mitų griovimas Visagine: Ar tai lietuviškasis Krymas?” Delfi, 23 May 2014, http://www.delfi.lt/news/daily/lithuania/mitu-griovimas-visagine-ar-tai-lietuviskasis-krymas.d?id=64856511.

153. “Sulaikė Latvijos gyventoją, rinkusį parašus už šalies prisijungimą prie Rusijos,” Delfi, 27 February 2015, http://www.delfi.lt/news/daily/world/sulaike-latvijos-gyventoja-rinkusi-parasus-uz-salies-prisijungima-prie-rusijos.d?id=67300506#ixzz3T4KlJ8jA.

154. Edgars Skvarik, “Rally at Latvian Embassy in Russia Propagates Latgale as Part of Russia,” LETA, 17 April 2014, http://www.leta.lv/eng/home/important/6E450BC2-FB58-4FDA-860C-EEBA83F9BB6C/.

155. Neil Melvin, Russians Beyond Russia: The Politics of National Identity (London: Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1995), p. 49.

156. Liis Kangsepp and Juhana Rossi, “Estonia Says Officer Abducted Near Russian Border,” Wall Street Journal , 5 September 2014, http://www.wsj.com/articles/estonian-officer-abducted-near-border-with-russia-1409928475.

157. “Russia Reopens Criminal Cases against Lithuanians Who Refused to Serve in Soviet Army,” 8 September 2014, http://en.delfi.lt/lithuania/foreign-affairs/russia-reopens-criminal-cases-against-lithuanians-who-refused-to-serve-in-sovietarmy.d?id=65776132#ixzz3Joh0uZbh; Edmundas Jakilaitis, “Lithuanian Defence Minister: We Are Doing All to Protect Our Citizens against Prosecution in Russia,” 9 September 2014, http://en.delfi.lt/lithuania/defence/lithuanian-defence-minister-we-are-doing-all-to-protect-our-citizens-against-prosecution-in-russia.d?id=65786158#ixzz3Joi1zYd.

158. “J.Olekas apie skandalingą Rusijos užmojį: Reaguoti būtina,” Delfi, 9 September 2014, http://www.delfi.lt/news/daily/lithuania/j-olekas-apie-skandalinga-rusijos-uzmoji-reaguoti-butina.d?id=65785428; “Going after Tomas,” Economist , 13 January 2015, http://www.economist.com/news/europe/21638345-russia-wants-prosecute-former-deserters-army-country-no-longer-exists-going-after.

159. Artūras Jančys, “Seimas grąžino šauktinių kariuomenę,” Lietuvos Rytas, 19 March 2015, http://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvos-diena/aktualijos/seimas-grazino-sauktiniu-kariuomene.htm.

160. Lauryna Vireliūnaitė, “Seimas apsisprendė—šauktinių kariuomenė bus,” 19 March 2015, http://www.15min.lt/naujiena/aktualu/lietuva/seimas-apsisprende-sauktiniu-kariuomene-bus-56-491729.

161. “Estonia: Defense Leagues on the Rise,” Deutsche Welle, 15 April 2015, http://www.dw.de/estonia-defense-leagues-on-the-rise/av-18386445.

162. “Russian Air Incursions Rattle Baltic States,” Financial Times , 24 September 2014, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/9d016276-43c3-11e4-baa7-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3ZqjkLDoo.

163. “Baltic Fleet Holds Exercises in Framework of Surprise Inspection,” Tass, 3 March 2014, http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/721751.

164. “Secretary General Announces North Atlantic Council to Meet Following Poland’s Request for Article 4 Consultations,” NATO/OTAN, 3 March 2014, http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/news_107711.htm?selectedLocale=en.

165. “U.S. Troops Head to the Baltics,” Baltic Times , 23 April 2014, http://www.baltictimes.com/news/articles/34750/#.U4K_a3aWm8s.

166. “Russia Sends 24 Warships, Bombers to Baltic Drills as NATO Stages War Games,” RT, 12 June 2014, http://rt.com/news/165464-russia-baltic-drills-nato/.

167. “Iron Sword 2014: NATO Stages Massive Military Drill in Lithuania,” RT, 3 November 2014, http://rt.com/news/201771-lithuania-iron-sword-wargame/.

168. “NATO Foreign Ministers Announce Interim Spearhead Force,” NATO/OTAN. 2 December 2014, http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_115552.htm; Julian Borger, “Nato Will Establish Rapid Reaction Force to Counter Perceived Threat of Russian Aggression,” The Guardian , 5 February 2015, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/feb/05/nato-rapid-reaction-force-counter-russia-ukraine.

169. Agnia Grigas, “The Media Has Swallowed Five Russian Myths that Have Helped Putin Win in Ukraine,” forbes.com , 17 September 2014, http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2014/09/17/the-media-has-swallowed-five-russian-myths-that-have-helped-putin-win-in-ukraine/; Anne Applebaum, “Nationalism Is Exactly What Ukraine Needs,” newrepublic.com , 12 May 2014, http://www.newrepublic.com/article/117505/ukraines-only-hope-nationalism.