Robert Service - Spies and Commissars

Lavergne, Jean, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

League of Nations: Bullitt’s view of, ref 1; and territorial disputes, ref 1; and Wilson, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

Le Bulletin de la Presse (publication), ref 1

Leeper, Rex, ref 1, ref 2

Left Centre, ref 1

Left Socialist-Revolutionaries: coalition with Bolsheviks and Cheka, ref 1; concordat with Bolsheviks, ref 1; denounce Sovnarkom, ref 1; dislike of agrarian policy of Sovnarkom, ref 1; included in Bolshevik plans, ref 1; main opposition party to Bolsheviks, ref 1; and overthrow of Provisional Government, ref 1, ref 2; protest at Brest-Litovsk treaty, ref 1, ref 2; sanction terror attacks in Russia, ref 1; shooting of Mirbach, ref 1; split from rest of party, ref 1; and Ukraine, ref 1

‘Lenin Boys’, ref 1

Lenin, Vladimir Ilich (Ulyanov): ref 1, ref 2; advice to Rhys Williams, on learning Russian, ref 1; and America, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; assassination attempts on, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; background and description, ref 1, ref 2; and Bertrand Russell, ref 1; at the Bolshevik Central Committee, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and Bolshevik revolution, ref 1, ref 2; and the Brest-Litovsk treaty, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6; and the British, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8; and Cheka (Extraordinary Commission), ref 1, ref 2; and Comintern, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; on communism and socialism, ref 1, ref 2; and the Constituent Assembly, ref 1; death of, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; Decree on Peace, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and European revolution, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10; and foreign trade, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5; and German appeasement, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and Germany, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; independence granted to Finland by, ref 1; interview with H. G. Wells, ref 1; and Ioffe, ref 1; and John Maynard Keynes, ref 1; and the Kronstadt mutiny, ref 1; and the March Action, ref 1; the New Economic Policy, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5; and the People’s Commissariat of Foreign Affairs, ref 1; and Poland, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; and the ‘proletarian state’, ref 1; and the Provisional Government, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; return to Russia (1917), ref 1; and revolution in Germany, ref 1; and Romania, ref 1; and the Romanovs, ref 1; and Russian armed forces, ref 1, ref 2; as seen by others, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8; and Senator France, ref 1; State and Revolution , The (1917), ref 1, ref 2; and the Tambov rebellion, ref 1; and treachery, ref 1, ref 2; and the Western Allies, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

Leopold of Bavaria, Prince, ref 1

Letter to America (Ransome), ref 1

Leuenroth, Edgard, ref 1

Levien, Max, ref 1

Leviné, Eugen, ref 1

Levi, Paul: belief in doom of capitalism, ref 1; against the March Action, ref 1; meeting with Radek, ref 1; as scapegoat for March Action, ref 1; survives Spartacist suppression, ref 1

L’Humanité , ref 1

Liberman, Simon, ref 1, ref 2

Liebknecht, Karl: anti-war articles, ref 1; description and beliefs, ref 1; and Lenin, ref 1; and Radek, ref 1; released from prison, ref 1; revolutionary plans, ref 1, ref 2; and Soviet mission in Berlin, ref 1; violent death of, ref 1

Liggett, Walter W., ref 1

L’Illustration (magazine), ref 1

‘Litbel’ republic, ref 1

Lithuania: and Allied governments, ref 1; gets reassurance from Kremlin, ref 1; joint Lithuanian-Belorussian Soviet Republic set up, ref 1; and Kolchak, ref 1; and the Politburo, ref 1, ref 2; proclaimed borders, ref 1; seizure of power in, ref 1; and Sovnarkom, ref 1

Lithuanian-Belorussian Soviet Republic, ref 1

Litvinov, Ivy: and Alexandra Kollontai, ref 1; birth of son Misha, ref 1; on Bolshevik ambivalent lifestyles, ref 1; and Clare Sheridan, ref 1; on fall of Romanovs, ref 1; on the Lockhart Plot, ref 1; on Maxim’s reaction to Lenin’s policy, ref 1; and Maxim’s return to Russia, ref 1; the New Year party for Russian colony, ref 1; and the revolutionary militants, ref 1; in Russia, ref 1; and social events in London, ref 1; on the Soviet regime, ref 1; postscript, ref 1

Litvinov, Maxim: advocates revolution in Britain, ref 1; and the Americans, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and Arthur Ransome, ref 1; attends social events with Ivy, ref 1; The Bolshevik Revolution: Its Rise and Meaning (pamphlet), ref 1; and British socialists, ref 1; and Clare Sheridan, ref 1, ref 2; and Comintern, ref 1; death of, ref 1; and false passports, ref 1; imprisoned, ref 1, ref 2; intelligence gathering for People’s Commissariat of Foreign Affairs, ref 1; Ivy’s view of, ref 1, ref 2; and Kamenev, ref 1; and Konstantin Nabokov, ref 1; and Krasin, ref 1, ref 2; and lifting of Allies economic blockade, ref 1, ref 2; and Lockhart, ref 1; New Year party for Russian colony, ref 1; reaction to abdication of Nicholas II, ref 1; return to Russia, ref 1, ref 2; and Senator France, ref 1; spokesman for Sovnarkom, ref 1, ref 2

Lloyd George, David: and the Allied Supreme War Council, ref 1; and the Anglo-Soviet trade treaty, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8; and the Anglo-Soviet trade treaty: timing of, ref 1, ref 2; and assistance for White forces, ref 1; and Churchill, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; and the Council of Ten, ref 1, ref 2; description and background of, ref 1; and diplomatic links with Russian Bolsheviks, ref 1, ref 2; and evacuation of Archangel and Murmansk, ref 1, ref 2; and General Sir Henry Wilson, ref 1; and information gathering, ref 1, ref 2; and initiative for peace between Russia and Poland, ref 1, ref 2; and internal peace for Russia, ref 1; and Lockhart, ref 1; and Nuorteva, ref 1; and the Prinkipo project, ref 1, ref 2; and the Romanovs, ref 1; and Russian policy of Allies, ref 1; and shipment of potatoes to Archangel, ref 1; on total defeat of the Germans, ref 1; and travel for Russian political refugees, ref 1, ref 2; and troops to Russia, ref 1; and Trotsky, ref 1; and Wilson’s advocacy of national self-determination, ref 1; postscript, ref 1

Lockhart, Jean (née Turner), ref 1

Lockhart Plot, the, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3,ref 4, ref 5

Lockhart, Robert Bruce: ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7; on Allied ambassadors, ref 1; arrest and imprisonment of, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and Karakhan, ref 1; memoirs and films, ref 1; and Moura Benckendorff, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; and Reilly, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; on return from Russia, ref 1, ref 2; subversive activities, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; support for anti-Bolsheviks, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and Trotsky, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

Lodge, Henry Cabot, ref 1

Lomonosov, Professor Yuri, ref 1

Lomov, Georgi, ref 1

London, ref 1

London Morning Post , ref 1

L’Ordine Nuovo (publication), ref 1

Lovestone, Jay, ref 1

Ludendorff, Erich: and armistice, ref 1; and Bolsheviks, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; military offensive, ref 1; and territorial expansion, ref 1

Lunacharski, Anatoli, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

Luxemburg, Rosa: anti-war articles, ref 1; and Bolshevik leaders, ref 1; dislike of Bolsheviks, ref 1; and Radek, ref 1; released from prison, ref 1; and revolution, ref 1; revolutionary beliefs, ref 1; violent death of, ref 1

Lvov, Georgi: ref 1; approval of his cabinet, ref 1; cabinet divided, ref 1; hands over power, ref 1; and Lenin and Trotsky, ref 1; and Pavel Milyukov, ref 1

Lyubarski, Nikolai, ref 1

MacDonald, Ramsay: guest at Downing Street, ref 1; and Kamenev, ref 1; and the Litvinovs, ref 1; and Russia’s withdrawal from the war, ref 1; and Seamen’s Union, ref 1; speaker at Albert Hall revolutionary celebrations, ref 1

Maclean, John, ref 1, ref 2

Macready, Sir Nevil, ref 1

Madriaga, Salvador de, ref 1