Christopher Hibbert - The Days of the French Revolution

Doué, Foullon de, 92

Dreux Brézé, Henri-Éverard, Marquis de (1762–1829), 62

Drouet, Jean-Baptiste, 125, 310

Du Barry, Comtesse, 25, 225

Ducos, Roger, 299, 302, 304, 310

Dumas, René, 261, 267

Dumont, André, 275, 276, 310

Dumont, Étienne, 98

Dumouriez, Charles François (1739–1823), Minister for Foreign Affairs, 144; and Lafayette, 145; enters Belgium, 193; deserts to Austrians, 194; and Girondins, 195, 196; and Danton, 195, 196; later life, 310

Duplay, Eleonore, 210

Duplay, Maurice, 209, 267

Dupont de Nemours, Pierre-Samuel, 295, 310

Duport, Adrien, 42, 142, 179, 310

economy, the ( see also taxation), farming, 29; poverty, 29–30, 292–3; wages and prices, 34–5; and Necker, 36–7; increasing prospect of bankruptcy, 40; cahiers de doléances , 45; financial chaos follows dismissal of Necker, 64; customs barriers destroyed, 65; unemployment following bad harvest, 91; inflation, 147, 212, 273; and Enragés , 211, 214; paper currency, 291–2

Edgeworth, Henry, 186, 187, 189, 310–11

Egalité, Philippe, see Orléans, Duc d’

Élie, Jacob, 79, 81

Elisabeth, Madame (d. 1794), to Paris with royal family, 104; advises counter-revolutionary measures, 117; flight to Varennes, 120; destroys papers, 128; return journey to Paris, 128–9; Hébert attacks, 140; advocates war, 143; and the King, 149; in prison, 183; executed, 311

émigrés , summoned to return, 138; orders for execution of, 194; amnesty offered to, 280; and royalists, 281, 283, 294; ordered to leave France, 297

England, emigration to, 109; war with France, 193, 298; and royalist restoration, 281, 294; Bonaparte against invasion of, 298; suffers defeats, 300; blockades French in Egypt, 300

Enragés , extremist faction, 186; moderates against, 193–4; insurrectionary activities, 194; and Revolutionary Tribunal, 194; Varlet, 198; and Girondins, 198, 201; and Insurrectionary Committee, 211; encourage taxation populaire , 212; and death of Marat, 214; released from prison, 271

Eprémesnil, Jean Jacques Duval d’, 39, 49, 311

Estaing, Comte d’, 90–91, 311

Estates General, and parlement , 39; and Third Estate, 40–41, 44, 57–9; elections to, 45; convention at Versailles, 46, 49–55; tennis-court oath, 59–60; Electors organize a militia, 64; Robespierre elected to, 208

Évrard, Simone, 213, 214

Fabre d’Églantine, Philippe (1750–94), 231, 236, 243

fédéralisme , 202, 212, 215

fédérés , at Fête de la Fédération , 113–15; King vetoes decree on, 146; sing Marseillaise , 153–4; at storming of Tuileries, 159

Féraud, Jean, 276, 279

Ferriéres-Marsay, Marquis de, 102–3, 113–14, 146, 311

Fersen, Hans Axel, Count von (1755–1810), history, 119–20; flight to Varennes, 120, 121–2; and Brunswick Manifesto, 153; his dog, 183–4; on Queen in Conciergerie, 221; later life and death, 311

Festival of Supreme Being, 251–3, 260

Fête de la Fédération , 112–15

Feuillants, formation of Club, 135, 210; opposed to war, 137, 142; Marat attacks, 140; King replaces Ministers with, 146; applaud Lafayette, 150; shout abuse at King, 155; deprived of franchise, 180

Five Hundred, Council of, legislative power of, 282; purged, 297; wait for revenge, 298; attack Directory, 299; and Lucien Bonaparte, 300, 302, 303; Jourdan’s motion defeated, 300; coup d’état of Brumaire , 302–4

Flesselles, Jacques de, 69, 77, 82

Fleuriot, Jean-Baptiste Lescot-, 264, 267

Fouché, Joseph, Duc d’Otrante (1758–1820), and Terror at Lyons, 227; de-Christianization programme, 230; and Robespierre, 258–9, 260; and Lescot-Fleuriot, 264; arrested, 281–2; Minister of Police, 299, 302; and coup d’état of Brumaire , 303; later life, 311

Fouquier-Tinville, Antoine-Quentin (1746–95), history and appearance, 240; and trial of Dan ton, 240–41, 242, 243; and execution of Lucille Desmoulins, 245; on increasing number of executions, 246; and Robespierre, 254; loses office, 271; executed, 272, 311

Fournier, Claude, 103

Fourteenth July, Fête de la Fédération , 112–15; 1792 celebrations, 151–3

Fréron, Louis-Marie (1754–1802), urges attack on prisoners, 169; executions in Toulon, 227; calls on Robespierre, 258; and Lescot-Fleuriot, 264; advice to Convention, 265; becomes reactionary, 271; and Bonaparte, 285; and journées of Vendémiaire , 286; later life and death, 312

générale , 279, 284

Girard, Elizabeth, 103

Girondins, prominent men amongst, 136–7; and émigrés , 138; and non-juring priests, 138; and Marat, 142, 196; condemn dismissal of Narbonne, 144; accuse Jacobins, 146; red cap emblem, 149–50; hope to avert bloodshed, 156; and Danton, 168, 195–6, 234; and National Convention, 180; alienate Parisians, 181; hope to spare King’s life, 181, 184, 185; with Montagnards against sans-culottes and Enragés , 193–4; tarnished reputation, 195; and corn prices, 198; overthrow of, 198–201; and Robespierre, 210; Charlotte Corday, 212; and fédéralisme , 212; and Hébert, 215; leaders tried and executed, 222–3; and Chaumette, 230; recalled to Convention, 272; commemmorated, 280; La Revellière, 291

Gobel, Jean Baptiste, Archbishop of Paris (1727–94), 232, 244

Goethe, 179

Goodwin, A., 40

Great Fear, 93

Gredeler, Marie, 174

Grégoire, Henri, Abbé, 49, 111, 312

Guadet, Marguerite Élie (1758–94), 136, 196, 312

Guiana, transportation to, 146, 274, 297, 298

Guillotin, Joseph Ignace (1738–1814), 59, 187–8, 312

Hampson, Norman, 34–5

Hanriot, François (1759–94), appearance and personality, 198; commands National Guard, 198, 199; and overthrow of Girondins, 200–201; and Robespierre, 254; and protest against arrest of Robespierrists, 263–4; surrounds Convention, 264; flung from window, 266; execution, 267, 268

Hazlitt, William (1778–1830), 226

Hébert, Jacques René (1757–94), 141; personality and history, 140; urges attack on prisoners, 169; Girondins order arrest of, 198; free, 198; and Hébertists, 215; and trial of Girondin leaders, 222; and de-Christianization campaign, 231; and Danton, 234; attacks Dantonists, 235; execution of, 235; execution of his widow, 244

Hébertists, harass Committee of Public Safety, 215; encourage invasion of Convention, 216–17; Danton attacks, 235; and Robespierre, 235; arrest and execution of, 236; and Gobel, 244; released from prison, 271

Hérault de Séchelles, Marie, 200–201, 243, 244

Herman, Nicolas-François, 241, 242, 272, 312

Hoche, Lazare (1768–97), 281, 296, 312

Hood, Samuel, Viscount, 203

Hôtel de Ville, Paris, Electors organize militia, 64; Permanent Committee deals with subversion, 69, 77; Hulin harangues mob, 78; atmosphere of congratulation, 88; Louis XVI welcomed in, 90–91; violence outside, 92; market women, 97; Lafayette and National Guard, 100; and Champ de Mars massacre, 135; delegates of sections , 154; Swiss guards massacred 161; Robespierre in, 264, 265

Hulin, Pierre, 78–9, 80, 81

Humbert, Jean-Baptiste, 70–71, 80–81

incroyables , 273–4

Indulgents , 235, 236, 238

Insurrectionary Committee, 198, 199, 200, 211

Insurrectionary Commune, 154, 161, 162, 168

Invalides, 69–70

Isnard, Maximin (1758–1825), 139, 198, 312

Italy, 286, 295, 296, 299

Jacobins, influence on radical opinion, 110; decline of, 135; anxious to avoid war, 142; and Girondins, 146, 198, 199; and dethronement of King, 154; Department of Paris opposed to, 156; elected to National Convention, 180; become known as Montagnards ( q.v. ), 181; and September Massacres, 181; and control of corn prices, 198; problems after coup d’état against Girondins, 201–2; and Robespierre, 209, 210, 261; attack Roux, 212; and Hébert, 215; propose Terreur , 217; Vadier, 236; actors denounced by, 255; Fouché, 259; closure of Jacobin Club, 272; and Directory, 293, 298; and Babeuf’s conspiracy, 294; newspapers reappear, 299; public feeling against, 300; Bonaparte, 301; false rumour of plot by, 302