Michael Dobbs - Down with Big Brother
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- Название:Down with Big Brother
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- Издательство:Vintage Books
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- Год:2011
- Город:New York
- ISBN:978-0-307-77316-6
- Рейтинг книги:4 / 5. Голосов: 1
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Down with Big Brother: краткое содержание, описание и аннотация
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“
ranks very high among the plethora of books about the fall of the Soviet Union and the death throes of Communism. It is possibly the most vividly written of the lot.”
— Adam B. Ulam, Washington Post Book World
As
correspondent in Moscow, Warsaw, and Yugoslavia in the final decade of the Soviet empire, Michael Dobbs had a ringside seat to the extraordinary events that led to the unraveling of the Bolshevik Revolution. From Tito’s funeral to the birth of Solidarity in the Gdańsk shipyard, from the tragedy of Tiananmen Square to Boris Yeltsin standing on a tank in the center of Moscow, Dobbs saw it all.
The fall of communism was one of the great human dramas of our century, as great a drama as the original Bolshevik revolution. Dobbs met almost all of the principal actors, including Mikhail Gorbachev, Lech Walesa, Václav Havel, and Andrei Sakharov. With a sweeping command of the subject and the passion and verve of an eyewitness, he paints an unforgettable portrait of the decade in which the familiar and seemingly petrified Cold War world—the world of Checkpoint Charlie and Dr. Strangelove—vanished forever.
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25. Komsomolskaya Pravda , August 28, 1991, p. 4. (FBIS-SOV-91-171), p. 35.
26. Remnick, p. 238.
27. Interview, January 13, 1991, 7:00 a.m.
28. Interview, May 1990. See Landsbergis profile, “Unlikely revolutionary leader Lithuanian drive,” WP , May 7, 1990, p. A13.
29. Interview, May 1990.
30. Ibid.
31. WP , January 17, 1991, p. A18.
32. WP , January 14, 1991, p. A16.
33. Remnick, p. 389.
34. WP , January 15, 1991, p. A1.
35. Literaturnaya Gazeta (July 15, 1992), p. 12. (FBIS-USR-92-097), p. 117.
36. Stepankov and Lisov, p. 271.
37. MN , no. 3 (1991), p. 1.
38. Chernyayev, p. 411.
39. New Times , no. 12 (1992), p. 12. In interview in August 1993, Gorbachev said he never had any intention of following the “advice” of Yakovlev and Ignatenko, adding that his presence was needed in Moscow.
40. Vneshekombank report. Quoted in Stepankov and Lisov, p. 304.
41. “Republics assume Kremlin debt,” WP , October 30, 1991, p. A31.
42. Moskovskie Novosti , no. 46 (November 17, 1991), p. 9. “Much of Soviet gold is sold,” WP , September 28, 1991, p. A1.
43. Copies of export licenses, provided by Istok, are in author’s possession. The Russian press ran numerous articles on the Harvest ’90 scandal, notably Izvestia , October 21–26, 1992, and Trud , December 30, 1992.
44. Resolution to dismiss charges in Istok case, Russian ministry of Internal Affairs, July 4, 1994, in author’s possession. Tarasov subsequently returned to Russia as a People’s deputy with parliamentary immunity from prosecution. See also statement by Russian prosecutor-general Nikolai Marakov to Supreme Soviet, June 24, 1993.
45. Makarov statement.
46. Interview, September 1992. See Dobbs and Coll, “Ex-Communists are scrambling for Quick Cash,” WP , February 1, 1993, p. A1.
47. Stepankov and Lisov, pp. 302–03.
48. Interview with Soviet prosecutor Sergei Aristov, March 1993.
49. Komsomolskaya Pravda , January 22, 1992.
50. Interview, January 1993.
51. Stephen Handelman, Comrade Criminal , p. 372.
52. Interview, September 1993.
53. Yeltsin, Struggle for Russia , pp. 224–34.
54. Veselovsky memorandum, September 24, 1991, leaked to Komsomolskaya Pravda .
55. Quoted in Robert D. Kaplan, Balkan Ghosts , p. 39.
56. BBC/Lapping, Death of Yugoslavia , Program 1.
57. BBC videotape of meeting.
58. Former Mayor of Belgrade Bogdan Bogdanovi?, quoted by Stephen Engelberg, NYT Magazine , September 1, 1991.
59. Slavoljub Đjukić, Izme ? u Slave i Anateme , p. 187.
60. Interview, Vukovar, July 1993. This section is based on a reporting trip to Yugoslavia and Croatia for a series about the legacy of communism. See Dobbs, “Yugoslavia Maps a Road to Ruin,” WP , September 5, 1993, p. A1.
61. Interview, Zagreb, July 1993.
62. See, for example, Roger Cohen, “In the Balkans, Doing Well by Waging War,” NYT “Week in Review,” March 26, 1995, p. 4.
63. Laura Silber and Allen Little, Yugoslavia: Death of a Nation , pp. 140 and 146.
64. BBC/Lapping. Death of Yugoslavia , Program 3.
65. Interview with former Borovo managing director Vladimir Husar, Zagreb, July 1993.
66. Mary Battiata, “In Croatia, Time Heals No Ethnic Wounds,” WP , July 13, 1991, p. A1.
67. Yakovlev interview, August 22, 1991.
68. Yeltsin, Struggle for Russia , p. 39; interview with Gorbachev, BBC Second Russian Revolution , final program.
69. Stepankov and Lisov, p. 85.
70. Interview with inventor, Komsomolskaya Pravda , January 28, 1992, p. 2. (FBIS-SOV-92-019, p. 7.)
71. Stepankov and Lisov, p. 138; “During the Soviet coup, who held nuclear control?” WP , August 23, 1992, p. A1.
72. “Physician Tells of Pre-Coup Events at Foros,” Izvestia , September 24, 1991 (FBIS-SOV-91-185).
73. Stepankov and Lisov, p. 9; Gorbachev press conference, Moscow, August 22, 1991.
74. Gorbachev press conference; interview with Raisa Gorbachev, Trud , September 3, 1991; Gorbachev, Zhizn’ i Reformi , vol. 2, p. 558.
75. Mikhail Gorbachev, The August Coup , p. 19.
76. Boldin, p. 26.
77. Stepankov and Lisov, p. 13.
78. Chernyayev diary, Izvestia , September 30, 1991.
79. Gorbachev, August Coup , p. 21. Stepankov and Lisov, p. 14.
80. Gorbachev, August Coup , p. 23.
81. Stepankov and Lisov, p. 15; extracts from prosecutor’s report, Novaya Yezhednevnaya Gazeta , August 6, 1993, p. 3; TV interview with Raisa Gorbachev, FBIS-SOV-91-194, p. 32.
82. Stepankov and Lisov, p. 89.
83. Prosecutor’s report, Novaya Yezhednevnaya Gazeta , July 30, 1993, p. 3.
84. Ibid.
85. Stepankov and Lisov, p. 90.
86. Prosecutor’s report.
87. Stepankov and Lisov, p. 90.
88. Yeltsin, Struggle for Russia , p. 54.
89. Khasbulatov memoirs, Rossiiskaya Gazeta , August 19, 1992, pp. 1–3.
90. Aleksandr Lebed, Za Derzhavu Obidno , p. 381.
91. Yeltsin, Struggle for Russia , p. 58. Author was present at the maneuvers.
92. Ibid., p. 58.
93. Komsomolskaya Pravda , August 19, 1992, p. 1.
94. Yeltsin, Struggle for Russia , pp. 42 and 61.
95. Yeltsin press conference, attended by author.
96. Yeltsin, Struggle for Russia , p. 68.
97. In presence of author.
98. Chernyayev diary, Izvestia , September 30, 1991.
99. Stepankov and Lisov, pp. 139–43.
100. Chernyayev, p. 485; Chernyayev diary.
101. Gorbachev, Zhizn’ i Reformi , vol. 2, p. 566.
102. Gorbachev, August Coup , pp. 91–92.
103. Yazov testimony, Izvestia , October 10, 1991, p. 7.
104. Stepankov and Lisov, pp. 132–33.
105. Ibid., p. 161.
106. Lebed, pp. 383–411.
107. Sergei Grigoriev, Istina Momenta , p. 190.
108. Ibid., pp. 21–26.
109. Stepankov and Lisov, p. 175.
110. WP , August 21, 1991, p. 24.
111. Grigoriev, pp. 49–50, 200.
112. Yeltsin, Struggle for Russia , p. 86.
113. Stepankov and Lisov, pp. 171–73.
114. Interview with Literaturnaya Gazeta, CDSP , vol. XLIII, no. 37 (August 28, 1991), p. 20.
115. Khasbulatov memoirs Rossiiskaya Gazeta , August 19, 1992.
116. Grigoriev, p. 33.
117. Yu. Kazarin and B. Yakovlev, eds., Smert’ Zagovora , p. 110.
118. Moscow magazine (November–December 1991).
119. Victoria Bonnell, ed., Russia at the Barricades , p. 205.
120. Interview with the prosecutor general, quoted in Krasnoye ili Beloye? , pp. 124–29. See also Kazarin and Yakovlev, pp. 94–97.
121. Yeltsin, Struggle for Russia , pp. 92–93.
122. Grachev interview, Izvestia , September 4, 1991. See also Grachev and Gromov testimony to prosecutors, MN , no. 29 (1994), p. 8; Stepankov and Lisov, pp. 174–76.
123. Stepankov and Lisov, pp. 183–84.
124. Interview with Raisa Gorbachev, quoted in Krasnoye ili Beloye? , pp. 141–42.
125. Chernyayev diary.
126. Quoted in Stuart H. Loory et al., Seven Days That Shook the World , p. 148.
127. Gorbachev press conference, August 22, 1991.
128. Chernyayev interview, July 1993.
129. Chernyayev diary.
130. N. Gulbinskii and M. Shakina, Afganistan, Kreml’, Lefortovo , p. 135.
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