Tom Clark - Digital Photography Composition For Dummies

directional, 244, 250

dramatic composition, 248-249

dusk and dawn, 171

experimenting with, 319

fashion photography, 228

fill, 159

fine art photography, 281-282

flashlight, 246

flat, 160

flower photography, 253-255

food photography, 255

forest photography, 243-244

group portrait, 224-225

hair, 168

hard, 155

hard shadow, 155

harsh, 155

improving composition through, 315

intensity of, 155-156

interior photo, 262

intimate landscape photography, 234-235

Kelvin temperature scale, 177

key, 159

kicker, 167

lens flare, 123

macro photography, 237

motion-stopping photography, 174-175

natural, 154, 170-171

neutral density filter, 175

night photography, 175

posed portrait, 222

postproduction editing, 305-306

quality of, 155–156, 160

reflective material, 161-162

rim, 167-168

seasonal, 174

selecting perspective according to,

121-123 short, 165, 167 side, 171–172 soft, 244

specular surface, 171 sports photography, 276 still-life photography, 249–250 sunlight, 172-174

tungsten, 177-178

wildlife photography, 240 lighting pattern

loop, 165-166

paramount, 164, 166

Rembrandt, 165-166

split, 165–166 lines

abstract art, 285

composition technique, 20

curvy, 56

diagonal, 56

horizontal, 56

implied, 54, 57-58

intersecting, 53

leading, 79

positioning the, 55

S curve, 56

sense of movement, 265

in soft composition, 210

to strengthen an image message, 55

vertical, 55 long exposure, 209 loop lighting pattern, 165–166 low-key image, 151 luminosity, 298, 300

M

macro photography

abstract art, 286

aperture, 236-237

depth of field, 236-237

landscape scenes, 236-238

lighting, 237

magnification, 236-237

subject size consideration, 237

zoom, 126

magazine, finding inspiration through, 321 magenta, 311 magnification, 236–237 manual focus, 106–107 marching ants, 303 memory card, 46 merger, 145

merging elements

backgrounds with, 145-146

sense of distance, 28

space considerations, 78 message-based format, 186–188 metering

center-weighted average, 42

evaluative, 42

partial, 42

spot, 42

midday sunlight, 173–174 midground,68–69 model, fashion photography, 227 monochromatic color scheme, 88, 312 Monroe, Marilyn (reproductions), 290 morning and evening sunlight, 172–173 motion blur

basic description of, 267

flash with, 270-271

front curtain sync, 271

as implied line, 58

minimizing, 277-278

panning technique, 269-270

rear curtain sync, 271

shutter speed, 39, 268

streaking lights, 268–269 motion-stopping photography

active space, 265

children, 273-274

continuous autofocus, 265

fireworks, 269

focus, 264-265

image format consideration, 266

leading a moving target, 265

lighting, 174-175

motion blur, 267-270

one-shot autofocus, 264-265

overview, 263

panning technique, 111, 269-270

pets, 274-275

sharp detail in, 266-267

sports, 275-278

streaking lights, 268-269

supporting elements, 265 mug shot, 217

multimessage composition, 290 multiple exposure, 208–210 museum, as inspiration, 320

natural lighting, 154, 170–171 nature photography. See landscape

photography; wildlife photography negative space

background, 136

creating balance with, 197

defined, 52

eliminating competing elements, 105

portrait photography, 333 neutral density filter, 175, 209 night photography

architectural photography, 259-260

finding inspiration through, 321-322

in forest, 245-246

lighting, 175

shutter speed, 245 noise

ISO rating, 40

sports photography, 276 noncontinuous light source, 154 normal lens

basic description of, 16, 35

curvature, 35

for depth of field, 112

focal length, 35 note-taking, 318

0

one-shot autofocus, 264-265

opening up, 113

orange, characteristics associated with, 87

orientation, 132-133

overlapping effect, 78

P•

panning technique

motion blur, 269-270

motion photography, 111 panoramic composition, 207 paramount lighting pattern, 164, 166 partial metering, 42 patterns

break in, 66

composition technique, 20

drawing attention to elements through, 13

group portrait, 225

repeating, 64–65, 201-202

sequence,63-64

visual significance of, 23 people photography. See portrait

photography perspective

angle of view and distance relationship, 118-120

basic description of, 16–17, 117-118

being aware of elements and

relationships with one another, 123

camera movement for, 124

candid portrait, 221

compositional frame, 180-181

false, 207

fashion photography, 120

focal length, 125-126

focal point and depth of field, 120

food photography, 257

forest photography, 245

landscape photography, 120, 234

lighting considerations, 121-123

moving items around for, 124-125

multiple, 124

photographic style, 118

portrait photography, 120-121

postproduction editing, 300-303

raising height of camera, 120

revealing and manipulating relationships of scene elements, 17

unusual angles, rotating camera for, 128-133

zoom lens for, 125–126 pet photography, 274–275 photographic composition. See

composition photographic design

chaotic composition, 80-81

design elements, 51-52

how this book is organized, 4 photography forum, 323 Photoshop editing software

black-and-white image conversion, 97-98

books related to, 293

Burn tool, 297-298

Clone stamp tool, 295-296

Crop tool, 301

Curves Layers, 304-305

Dodge tool, 297-298

Free Transform tool, 303

Healing brush tool, 296-297

Horizontal Perspective slider, 302

Layer Mask, 305

Lens Correction filter, 300-301

Remove Distortion tool, 302

Shadows/Highlights tool, 306

sharpening filters, 307

Unsharp Mask tool, 307-308

Vertical Perspective tool, 302 Photoshop For Dummies series,

293, 303, 307

Picasa photo-editing software, 293 pinhole camera, 212 pixels, duplicating, 295–296 point of interest, 52 points

areas of contrast, 54

defined, 52

golden, 52-53

intersecting line creating a, 53

lines that meet at, 53

negative space, 52

primary, 52

secondary, 52-53

shapes and forms creating a, 54 pop light source, 154 portrait photography

angles, 217-218

as art of showing likeness of people, 216

candid portrait, 220-221

couples, 225

environmental, 136, 218-220

facial expression, 216-217

group portrait, 224-227

hand placement, 217

hard lighting, 156

high-angle shots, 217

lens selection, 217-218

mug shot, 217

negative space, 333

perspective, 120-121

posed portrait, 220, 222-223

profile, 217

portrait photography (continued)

soft lighting, 156

storytelling in, 215-216

3/4 angle, 217 posed portrait

background, 222

basic description of, 220

composition, 223

inspiring subject for, 222

lighting, 222

scene selection considerations, 222 postproduction editing

black-and-white image conversion, 97-98

brightening/darkening areas, 297-298

contrast adjustment, 304-305