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Ernst Jünger, one of twentieth-century Germany’s most important and controversial writers, faithfully kept a journal during the Second World War in occupied Paris, on the eastern front, and in Germany until its defeat-writings that are of major historical and literary significance. These wartime journals appear here in English for the first time.
Ernst Jünger was one of twentieth-century Germany’s most important—and most controversial—writers. Decorated for bravery in World War I and the author of the acclaimed western front memoir Storm of Steel, he frankly depicted war’s horrors even as he extolled its glories. As a Wehrmacht captain during World War II, Jünger faithfully kept a journal in occupied Paris and continued to write on the eastern front and in Germany until its defeat—writings that are of major historical and literary significance. Jünger’s Paris journals document his Francophile excitement, romantic affairs, and fascination with botany and entomology, alongside mystical and religious ruminations and trenchant observations on the occupation and the politics of collaboration. While working as a mail censor, he led the privileged life of an officer, encountering artists such as Céline, Cocteau, Braque, and Picasso. His notes from the Caucasus depict the chaos after Stalingrad and atrocities on the eastern front. Upon returning to Paris, Jünger observed the French resistance and was close to the German military conspirators who plotted to assassinate Hitler in 1944. After fleeing France, he reunited with his family as Germany’s capitulation approached.
Both participant and commentator, close to the horrors of history but often distancing himself from them, Jünger turned his life and experiences into a work of art. These wartime journals appear here in English for the first time, giving fresh insights into the quandaries of the twentieth century from the keen pen of a paradoxical observer.
Ernst Jünger (1895–1998) was a major figure in twentieth-century German literature and intellectual life. He was a young leader of right-wing nationalism in the Weimar Republic. Among his many works is the novel On the Marble Cliffs, a symbolic criticism of totalitarianism written under the Third Reich.
Elliot Neaman is professor of history at the University of San Francisco and the author of A Dubious Past: Ernst Jünger and the Politics of Literature after Nazism (1999).
Thomas Hansen, a longtime member of the Wellesley College German Department, is a translator from the German.
Abby Hansen is a translator of German literary and nonfiction texts.

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Burnand, Robert Eugène (1882–1953), French historian

Byron, George Gordon Noel, Lord (1788–1824), English poet

C

Caesar, Julius (100–44 BCE), Roman emperor

Caillaux, Henriette (1894–1943), née Clarétie, married to Joseph Caillaux, murderer of Calmette

Caillot, Jacques (1592–1635), French graphic artist

Calmette, Gaston (1858–1914), French journalist

Calvet unidentified, Paris

Calvin, John (1509–1564), French theologian and religious reformer

Cange, Charles du Fresne Du (1610–1688), French lexicographer and orientalist

Capoceda, Giulio (1630–1701), recte Gregorio Leti, Italian writer

Cardot, Jeanne, recte J. Cohen, bookseller, Paris

Cargouët, comtesse de

Carus, E. J.’s imaginary son

Casanova, Giacomo Giovanni chevalier de Seingalt (1725–1798), Venetian writer and adventurer

Cazotte, Jacques (1719–1792), French general and author

Ceillier, Raymond, French admiral

Céline, Louis-Ferdinand (1894–1961), recte Louis Destouches, French writer and physician; “Merline”

Cellaris, recte Ernst Niekisch

Celsus, pseudonym for Parow, Johann Heinrich

Cervantes Saavedra, Miguel de (1547–1616), Spanish author

Cetti, Francesco (Abbé) (1726–1728), Italian zoologist and mathematician, author of a natural history of Sardinia

Chamfort (1741–1794), recte Nicholas-Sébastien Roch, French writer and aphorist

Chamisso, Adelbert von (1781–1838), German writer

Charcot, Jean Martin (1825–1893), French neurologist

Charet, Jean, probably Jean-Baptiste Charcot (1867–1936), French Antarctic explorer

Charlemagne (742–814), king of the Franks, Holy Roman emperor

Charles II, the Bald (823–877), West Frankish king, Holy Roman emperor

Charmille, recte Sophie Ravoux

Chateaubriand, François René viconte de (1768–1848), French writer

Chavan, André, French paleontologist

Cherubini, Luigi (1760–1842), Italian composer

Chevrolat, Louis Alexandre Auguste (1799–1884), French tax official and entomologist

Chirico, Giorgio de (1888–1978), Italian painter

Choltitz, Dietrich von (1894–1966), general, last commander of German troops in Paris; sometimes hailed as savior of Paris for his role in preventing its destruction

Chopin, Frédéric (1810–1849), Polish composer and pianist

Chrysippos (c. 280–205 BCE), Greek philosopher

Churchill, Winston Leonard Spencer (1874–1965), English statesman

Cicero, Marcus Tullius (106–43 BCE), Roman orator

Clausewitz, Carl von (1780–1831), Prussian general and military theorist

Clémenceau, Georges Benjamin (1841–1929), French statesman

Closais, des, unidentified

Coburg-Gotha, Prince of, aviator, World War II

Cocteau, Jean (1889–1963), French writer

Colbert, Jean Baptiste (1619–1683), French statesman

Coleman, Edward (1636–1678), courtier under Charles II of England, executed under false accusations on charges of conspiracy to murder the king

Colshorn, Frau, neighbor in Kirchhorst

Conrad, Joseph (1857–1924), recte Teodor Jozef Korzeniowski, English novelist

Copernicus, Nicholas (1473–1543), astronomer

Cortés, Hernando (1485–1587), Spanish conquistador

Cramer von Laue, Constantin (1906–1991), captain, personal advisor to Adenauer; later in the German Ministry of Justice

Cranach, Lucas (1472–1553), painter and graphic artist

Crébillon, Claude Prosper Jolyot de (1674–1762), French writer

Crisenoy, Baron de [bookplate], noble French family

Crome, Hans (1900–1997), major on General Staff, Paris, World War II

Cuchet, Gasper Joseph (d. 1779), French publisher

Cumanus, Ventidus (c. 50 BCE), Roman procurator in Judea

D

D., unidentified

Damiens, Robert François (1714–1757), French assassin

Damrath, Rudolf, Protestant military chaplain, pastor of the garrison church, Potsdam

Dancart, E. J.’s pseudonym for Ravoux, Paul

Dancart, Mme., E. J.’s pseudonym for Ravoux, Sophie

Darwin, Charles Robert (1809–1882), English naturalist

Daudet, Alphonse (1840–1897), French author

Daudet, Léon (1867–1942), French journalist and author

Daumier, Honoré (1808–1879), French artist and sculptor

Déat, Hélène, married to Marcel Déat

Déat, Marcel (1894–1955), French politician

Debussy, Claude-Archille (1862–1918), French composer

Deffand, Marie marquise du (1697–1780)

Defoe, Daniel (1660–1731), English politician and author

Deguerry, Gaspard (1797–1871), French priest

Dejean, Pierre François Auguste comte de (1780–1845), French soldier and entomologist

Delacroix, Eugène (1798–1863), French graphic artist and painter

Delitzsch, Franz (18113–1890), Protestant theologian

Delius, see Diels, Rudolf

Delvau, Alfred (1825–1867), French historian and writer

Deperthes, Jean Louis Hubert Simon (1730–1792), French writer and lawyer

Desbordes, Jean (1906–1944), French writer

Devéria, Eugène François Marie Joseph (1805–1865), French painter

Dezaïre, Joseph, Jesuit priest, former missionary in China, resident of Moisson, French philosopher and writer; “Le Zaïre”

Didier, Edouard (b. 1895), Belgian-French publisher

Didier, Lucienne (b. 1902), née Bauwens, married to Edourd Didier, French sculptor

Didot, French publishing family founded by François Didot (1689–1757/59)

Diels, Rudolf (1900–1957), Gestapo leader; pseudonym “Delius”

Dietloff, captain, managed an estate in the Caucasus

Dietrichsdorf, Major

Dix, sergeant

Doctoresse, recte Sophie Ravoux

Don Capisco, E. J.’s pseudonym for Schmitt, Carl

Donati, noble Florentine family

Donders, Adolf (1877–1944), dean of the cathedral, Münster (Germany)

Dönitz, Karl (1891–1980), grand admiral, Navy; Hitler’s successor as Reich president

Donoso Cortés, Juan Francisco Maria de la Salud (1809–1853), Spanish politician

Donoso, unidentified friend of Armand, Paris

Dorothea, E. J.’s dream character

Dostoevsky, Fyodor Michaelovitch (1821–1881), Russian author

Doyle, Arthur Conan (1859–1930), English author

Drescher, unidentified

Drescher, Maggi, sculptress

Drieu La Rochelle, Pierre (1893–1945), French writer

Droste-Hülshoff, Annette von (1797–1848), German poet

Du Bos, Charles (1882–1939), French writer

Ducasse, Isidore, see Lautréamont

Dumas, Alexandre, Sr. (1802–1870), French author

Dumont-d’Urville, Jules Sébastian César (1790–1842), navigator and Arctic explorer

Dussarp, bookseller, Paris

E

Eckart, Meister (1260–1329), mystic and theologian

Eckelmann, Hermann, administrative chief of the Commandant of Paris

Eckermann, Johann Peter (1792–1854), German writer, Goethe’s private secretary and biographer

Eliade, Mircea (1907–1986), Romanian writer and scholar of religion; editor of Zalmoxis

Emmel, officer, World War II

Ensor, James (1860–1949), Belgian painter

Epting, Karl (1905–1979), head of the German Institute in Paris, scholar of French culture

Erdmannsdörffer, Bernhard (1833–1901), historian

Ernstel, see Jünger, Ernst

Eschmann, Ernst Wilhelm (1904–1987), German writer, sociologist, and playwright

Eshmunazar (d. c. 525 BCE), Phoenician king of Sidon

Eugene, Franz (1663–1736), prince of Savoy-Carignan, French-Austrian field marshal and statesman

F

Fabre-Luce, Alfred (1899–1983), French author

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