Chalmers Johnson - The Sorrows of Empire - Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic

Seventh Air Force, 91

Seventh Army, 196

Seventh Fleet, 109, 201, 208–9

763rd Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron, 250

sex industry, military bases and, 211

sexual assaults and rapes

military bases and, 6–7, 37, 92–93, 108, 198

private military companies and, 140

U.S.-trained troops and, 136

of women in armed forces, 105–6, 108

Seychelles, 221

shah of Iran. See Pahlavi, Mohammed Reza, shah of Iran

Shaikh Isa Air Base (Bahrain), 245–46

Shakespeare, William, 16

Sharon, Ariel, 234, 235

Shi’ites, Iraqi, 224, 232–33

Shimkus, John, 111

Shining Path, 264

“shock and awe,” 222, 290

Shughart, Randy, 133

Sierra Leone, 135

Sigint (signals intelligence) bases, 164–65

Sikh mercenaries, 131, 134

Sikorsky, 279

Simbulan, Roland G., 213

Sin, Jaime, 212

Singapore, 263

Sino-Soviet split, 9, 31

Sites 51, 53, 54 (Israel), 153

614th Space Intelligence Squadron, 83

Sixteenth Amendment, 46

Sixth Amendment, 293, 298

Slate, 309

Slipchenko, Vladimir, 288

Slovakia, 300

Slovenia, 300

small-arms trade, 26, 77–78

Smith, Adam, 260

SoCal. See Standard Oil Company of California

Socony-Vacuum (Mobil), 218

“Soldiers Should Not Be Spying” (Korb and Tepperman), 130

Somalia, 3, 62, 72, 133, 144

Soros, George, 256, 273

Souda Bay base (Greece), 205

South Africa, 81, 82, 135

South America, 190. See Latin America; and specific countries

South Carolina, elections of 1876, 120

SOUTHCOM, 124

Southeast Asia, 34, 82

Southeast Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO), 209

South Korea, 31, 34, 68, 179, 215, 255

democracy in, 89

economy of, 263, 267, 273, 278

Gulf War I and, 307

military bases in, 8, 56, 92–93, 107–8, 202–3

U.S.-North Korea tensions and, 89–95

weapons sales to, 279

South Ossetia (Georgia), 176

South Vietnam, 31, 135, 203

Southwestern Asia, 168

sovereignty, 284

Soviet Union and the Czechoslovak Army,1948–1983 (Rice), 173

Soviet Union. See Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

Soyster, Harry E., 141

space, 124, 311

intelligence and, 81, 161–63, 165–66, 224

militarization of, 79–86, 311

Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS), 162

Space Command, U.S., 79, 81, 122

Space Systems Company (Lockheed), 80

Spain, 75, 152, 189

Civil War in, 203–4

empire of, 24, 40, 42, 43, 190, 257

Spangdahlem airfield (Germany), 194

Spanish-American War, 2, 39–45, 52, 67

military bases and, 189, 192–93, 207

Spartacist revolt, 139

Special Access Programs (SAPs), 118–19

Special Forces (special operations)

Afghanistan, 11, 182

allies and, 130

Baku-Ceyhan pipeline and, 175–76

CIA displaced by, 126–30

CINCs and, 124

Djibouti and, 252

El Salvador and, 126

Indonesia and, 137–38

Iraq war and, 242

military training and, 132, 135

number of, 129

Philippines and, 213-14

as president’s private army, 12

roots of, 123-24

secret budget for, 118

spouse murders by, 108

SWAT team, proposed, 129–30

“Special Operations and Joint Forces in Countering Terrorism” (Defense Science Board), 129

Special Operations Command, 129

speculators, 26, 273

Sperry, 224

Srebrenica, 75

“stability,” intervention to achieve, 70

stagflation, 259

Stalin, Joseph, 19, 33

Standard Oil, 169

Standard Oil of California (SoCal), 217–18

Standard Oil of New Jersey (Exxon), 218

standing army in peacetime, 24, 44-45, 78, 120, 188-89

Star Chamber, 295

Starr, Kenneth, 75

star wars, 61. See also strategic defense initiative

State, Department of, 4-6, 64, 74, 227

Afghanistan and, 178

declining influence of, 62

foreign military training and, 132, 137, 140

Greece and, 206

intelligence and, 9

military officials in, 53-54, 62

Pentagon usurps functions of, 123-26

state terrorism, 68, 72, 121, 124, 133

status of forces agreements (SOFA), 5, 7, 35-36, 93

Steel, Ronald, 64, 191

Steger, Manfred, 260

Stettinius, Edward, 218

Stevens, Ted, 57

Stevenson, Adlai, 302

Stiglitz, Joseph E., 256, 262, 270

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), 63

Stover, Steve, 149

Strait of Hormuz, 249, 250, 251

Strategic Air Command, 219

Strategic Assessment 1999 (JCOS), 226

strategic defense initiative (SDI), 17, 18, 56, 84

“structural adjustment loans,” 266-69, 275, 278

Subic Bay Naval Base (Philippines), 193, 208-9, 211, 212

submarines, spy, 163

Sudan, 81

Suetonius, 37

Suez Canal crisis of 1956, 219

Suharto, president of Indonesia, 75–76

Suid, Lawrence H., 112

Sultan bin Abdul Aziz, prince of Saudi Arabia, 240, 241

Summers, Lawrence, 256, 268

“Summit Communications” (Taiwan), 162

Sun Fun Products, 2

Sun Tzu, 255

Supreme Headquarters, Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE), 194

Sweden, 263

Syria, 76, 235, 290

Taft, William Howard, 192

Taiwan, 31, 86–88, 203, 208, 263, 281

military bases and, 152

Tajikistan, 170, 178

military bases in, 181, 183

Talbot, Karen, 281

Taliban, 26–27, 72, 79, 80, 177–83, 189, 229, 233

Iraq and, 231

oil and, 176–80, 226–27

U.S. support for, 226

Tallil Air Base (Iraq), 234

Tammany Hall, 44

Tanzania, embassy attack (1998), 139, 178, 180

Tapestry Solutions Corporation, 148

“targeted killings,” 291

tariffs, 78, 263, 270

Task Force 250, 120

taxes, 44–47, 58, 78

cuts, 236, 278

Halliburton and, 145

technology

Third World and, 263, 270–71

war and, 27–28, 288–91

Teets, Peter B., 62–63, 79–80

telecommunications, interception of, 161–64

Tenet, George, 302, 305, 306

Tengiz oil field, 173

Tenth Mountain Division, 175, 184

Tepperman, Jonathan D., 130

terrorism, 20–21. See also “war on terrorism”

domestic policing and, 120–21

Iraq and, 227, 232

nuclear proliferation and, 291

Saudi Arabia and, 226, 237–38

as sorrow of empire, 285

special operations and, 129–30

U.S. and, in Nicaragua, 75

Tessier, Marie, 105

Texaco, 218

Thailand, 31, 134, 273

Thatcher, Margaret, 165, 225, 259

“theater engagement plans,” 124

think tanks, 26

Third Infantry Division, 24, 242

Third World, 20–21, 71, 132

globalization and, 256, 258, 261–62, 264, 266–76

366th Air Expeditionary Wing, 245

379th Air Expeditionary Wing, 248

Thule Air Force Base (Greenland), 34

Thumrait Air Base (Oman), 252

Tibetans, 72

Tierney, John, 84

Tillman, Benjamin, “Pitchfork Ben,” 43–44

Time, 116

Torrejón Air Base (Spain), 204

Torricelli, Robert, 12

trade, 31, 68, 208, 256, 258–73

commercial espionage and, 166

military and, 25, 281

national security exceptions and, 278

trade deficits, 281, 307

Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement, 269, 270–72

trade unions, 274

trans-Afghan pipeline, 175, 176–80, 226

trans-Balkan pipeline, 145–46

Treasury, Department of, 122, 264, 275

Treaty of Paris (1898), 41, 42

Treaty of Rome(1998), 74

Treaty of Versailles (1918), 50–51

trucial states, 217

Truman, Harry S., 53, 117