Annie Wang - The People’s Republic of Desire

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Those who know little to nothing about Chinese culture will receive an eye-opening experience of how China was and how China is now through Annie Wang’s novel The People’s Republic of Desire.
Wang takes readers on a journey with four cosmopolitan women learning to live life in the new China. Niuniu, the book’s narrator, is a Chinese American woman, who spent seven years living in the States obtaining her degree in journalism. In the book, Niuniu is now considered a “returnee” when she goes back to China to get over a broken heart. What she meets upon return to her homeland is not the traditional Confucian values she left, but a new modern China where Western culture seems to have taken over – to an extreme.
Niuniu, the narrator of the book, is called a “Jia Yangguiz” which means a “fake foreign devil” because of her Westernized values. Her friend Beibei is the owner of her own entertainment company and is married to a man who cheats, so Beibei deals with his infidelity by finding her own young lovers. Lulu is a fashion magazine editor who has been having a long-term affair with a married man, and thinks nothing of having several abortions to show her devotion to him. CC, also a returnee, struggles with her identity between Chinese and English.
In The People’s Republic of Desire the days of the 1989 idealism and the Tiananamen Sqaure protests seem forgotten to this new world when making a fast yuan, looking younger, more beautiful, and acting important seems to be of the most concern to this generation.
Wang uses these four woman to make humorous and sometimes sarcastic observations of the new China and accurately describes how Western culture has not only infiltrated China, but is taken to the extreme by those who have experienced a world outside the Confucian values. What was once a China consumed with political passions, nepotism, unspoken occurrences, and taboos is now a world filled with all those things once discouraged – sex, divorce, pornography, and desire for material goods. It’s taken the phrase “keeping up with the Joneses” to an all-time high.
Wang offers a glimpse of modern day Beijing and what it would take for any woman – returnee or otherwise – to move forward and conquer dilemmas in the fast-moving Chinese culture. The characters joke that “nowadays, the world is for bad girls” and all the values of their youth have been lost to this new modern generation of faking their identity, origin, and accent. It seems that such a cultural shock would be displeasing to those who knew the old China, but instead these young women seem to be enjoying the newfound liberties.
If you’re looking for a quick read with a plot, you won’t find it in The People’s Republic of Desire. Each of the 101 chapters read like individual short stories, separate stories about friends, family, and other individuals who Niuniu is acquainted with or meets and through which Wang weaves a humorous and often sarcastic trip into Beijing, China.
The book is filled with topics of family, friends, Internet dating, infidelity, rich, poor, and many of the same ideals most cultures worry themselves about. Many of the chapters end with popular phrases that give the reader an insight into Chinese culture and language. Wang does seem to use Niuniu’s journalistic background to intertwine the other characters and come to a somewhat significant conclusion.
As the press release states, “Wang paints an arresting portrait of a generation suffocating in desire. For love. For success. For security. For self actualization. And for the most elusive aspiration of all: happiness.”
With The People’s Republic of Desire, Wang does just that. She speaks not only of the new culture but also of the old ways and how China used to be. She may have educated readers about the new China with her knowledge of the Western and Chinese culture, but also Wang hits the nail on the head when it comes to showing most people’s needs. After all, aren’t most human beings striving for many of these same elusive dreams?
Joanne D. Kiggins
***
From Publishers Weekly
As Wang reveals in intimate detail, today's affluent Beijing women – educated, ambitious, coddled only children enamored of all things Western – are a generation unto themselves. The hyperobservant narrator of this fascinating novel (after Lili: A Novel of Tiananmen) is 20-something Niuniu, a journalist who was born in the United States but grew up in China and returned to America for college and graduate school. Now she's back in Beijing nursing a broken heart and discovering "what it means to be Chinese" in a money- and status-obsessed city altered by economic and sexual liberalization. Supporting Niuniu – and downing a few drinks with her – are her best buddies: entrepreneurial entertainment agent Beibei, sexy fashion mag editor Lulu and Oxford-educated CC. Sounds like the cast of Sex in the Forbidden City, but the thick cultural descriptions distinguish the novel from commercial women's fiction. A nonnative English speaker, Wang observes gender politics among the nouveau riche in careful, reportorial prose. Though Niuniu's romantic backstory forms a tenuous thread between the chapters, and the novel – based on Wang's newspaper column of the same title – doesn't finally hold together, this is a trenchant, readable account of a society in flux.

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CC is such a Chinese princess.

CC's parents are originally from a Guangdong village. During the Cultural Revolution, when class struggle was so much more important than growing crops, many of the villagers died in a famine. CC's parents, young and full of dreams and the yearning to make something of their lives, planned to sneak into Hong Kong, which was not far from their village, though the island city was a wholly different world back then. Although they knew how to swim, it was dangerous to swim across the Hong Kong border. The young peasant couple bought an enamel basin and immersed their faces in the water every day for a year to practice holding their breath. Eventually, they were ready. In those days, the government religiously patrolled the waters along Hong Kong to prevent this sort of treachery. CC's parents were dressed all in black, and even painted their faces with makeup to prevent themselves from being seen. Because they chose a night without a moon, and they were completely camouflaged, it was impossible for them to even see each other from a few feet away as they swam across. To make sure they didn't get separated in the choppy waters, they tied themselves together with a length of rope around their waists. They crossed the South China Sea successfully. The two began as a waiter and a waitress at one of Hong Kong 's fast-food restaurants. Not long after, they started their own fast-food restaurant. With hard work and ambition, the pair became rich in ten years.

By the time CC was born, her parents were full-time golfers and drove around in chauffeured Mercedes. However, Hong Kong followed the English closely. Because of their humble background, her parents were still looked down upon by Hong Kong society. Their biggest dream was to upgrade their own status by making their daughter the equivalent of royalty – if not by blood, at least by marriage.

At the age of two, CC was sent to study at a private school in London. Now this Oxford-educated Hong Kong girl could speak English with a perfect Oxford accent. She also spoke fluent French, some Spanish, and some Chinese and played both the piano and chess with skill. She was also at times a ballet dancer, a violin player, and an opera singer.

Because of CC's Western upbringing, and because she is more internationally educated than my other friends, she has her own style, which is distinctively un-Chinese. In this day and age, the "fashionable" Chinese women try to be as Western as they can. Stiletto heels, low-rise jeans, dyed hair, and name-brand jackets are all a must. While this look may be considered high status and tasteful by many of China 's elite, to CC it is boring and uncreative. CC has a petite body and delicate bones. Although the Chinese think whiter skin is the more beautiful, she tries to get a suntan. Her style is something of a mixture of East and West, just like she is. Her clothes are much less flashy and in-your-face than what is normally seen on the streets of Beijing or Shanghai. It is not uncommon for CC to be seen in tight American jeans, with a Shanghai Tang silk Chinese jacket. CC's mixture of fashion is an unconscious metaphor for her confusion over her own place in Chinese society.

We met at Starbucks. Immersed in European culture, CC is into bars and cafes, not necessarily Starbucks. And as for me, from my days in the States, Starbucks was another word for "breakfast." The two of us often ran into each other in the Starbucks near Beijing 's Friendship Store. We would often sit facing each other, one with a cappuccino and the Financial Times ,the other behind a mocha and the Wall Street Journal.

CC is a business manager at an international public relations company called Ed Consulting. She is the organizer of many events and parties Lulu and I have attended. CC is a loyal fan of the singer CoCo Lee, who sang the theme song of the movie Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. She also worships that Singapore-born, scantily clad violinist Vanessa Mae. CC wants to emulate any Chinese woman who becomes successful overseas.

Unlike Beibei and Lulu, who have never studied abroad, CC is more Western than Chinese. For me, it's a good balance. I can cling to my roots by befriending Beibei and Lulu and keep my Western connection by being with CC. Another reason I like CC is that she is funny. She thinks of herself as a serious intellectual. Talking to her makes me feel like I'm in a salon of eighteenth-century Paris. She likes to discuss issues such as colonialism and drop high-brow names such as Tolstoy, Plato, Leonardo da Vinci, and Mozart during everyday conversations.

This little princess has an acute identity crisis: she doesn't know whether she is Chinese or English. When CC is with Chinese people, she feels she is English and could never identify with the Chinese. When she is with English people, she criticizes them for their racism in not accepting her as one of them.

Finally, CC decided that she would alternate months, being completely Chinese one month and completely English the next. When she is being English, she pretends not to understand if you speak to her in Chinese. On the other hand, when she is being Chinese and speaking her crummy Mandarin, no one dares to practice English with her.

CC's parents racked their brains to raise CC as a quasi-royal, to fulfill their dream of her someday becoming China 's own Jackie Kennedy. They never expected CC to have a problem with her identity. They always hoped she would marry "a Chinese aristocrat," in keeping with her social standing. But CC is not attracted to Asian men. Sometimes, she says that she simply prefers the vanilla flavor. Sometimes, she says dating an Asian man is like dating a brother, which is quite boring.

CC's current boyfriend is a poor Welshman named Nick. After CC graduated from Oxford, she took Nick back to Asia with her. He doesn't have a full -time job. He helps a couple of Chinese Internet sites as a part-time English editor, but his salary remains a fraction of CC's. Nick works for only two or three hours each day, so he has a lot of free time, which he spends learning Chinese from Chinese people in bars, Starbucks, parties, and sometimes at his home.

Now CC's biggest headache is that Nick, her ever-faithful boyfriend from England, has discovered that in China his average Welshman looks are surprisingly well received by Asian girls. Nick often spends time with Chinese girls, in the name of studying Chinese culture. Once he even went swimming with three Chinese girls, and CC was furious at the photo of Nick hugging three hot young chicks in bikinis. Knowing that I had a failed relationship that prompted me to return to China, CC comforts me, "It's wonderful that you don't have a boyfriend right now. You don't have to worry that local girls will steal him from you. You have a fresh start." CC worries that Nick will turn into another Frank.

Who is Frank? A real character. We will get to him later.

POPULAR PHRASES

XINGUI: The new aristocrats, or nouveaux riches. During the Cultural Revolution, educated people were purged by the government and everyone was equal (equally poor that is). The new market economy has made it possible for people to have money and a strong education. This group of people constitute the "new aristocrats."

NIUJIN: An Ox and a ford – Oxford.

CHA CANTING: Popular Cantonese fast-food restaurant that offers quick meals and milk tea

6 The Postmodernist and the Womanizer

My favorite necklace is Native American. It is a piece of turquoise on an ox-tendon string, which I bought in Sante Fe, New Mexico.

Sante Fe is one of my favorite American cities, a melting pot of Indian, Hispanic, Mexican, and Anglo cultures, with the distinctive little red-earth adobes set off against the cacti on the plains. It has such a raw and primitive feel. And it's a prosperous art community that attracts artists from many different cultures.

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