Nuruddin Farah - Crossbones

Xalan invites him to dinner on the spot, but he announces right away that he won’t stay unless he is allowed to light up at the dinner table. Then, without waiting for his hosts’ approval, he lights another cigarette from the butt of the one he is about to extinguish.

Xalan values Kala-Saar’s pronouncements, not his manners. She finds him inspiring to listen to when he speaks on politics or puts the actions of others under his sharp scrutiny. She says, “Wait until I return, and don’t say anything of note before I get back. I want to hear everything.”

Then she goes into the kitchen to attend to the meal preparation, helped by Faai. She switches off the radio Faai has been listening to in her attempt to hear snippets of their conversation from there.

Ahl senses that Warsame is less enamored of their guest as they touch base on a number of matters of common local interest. Neither has time for the president of Puntland, whom Kala-Saar describes as “highly incompetent,” and Warsame labels as “a corrupt simpleton.”

Kala-Saar then turns his attention to Ahl. The man is evidently well informed about Ahl’s situation, thanks to Xalan. He strikes Ahl as a man who flexes his knowledge like a muscle, along the lines of the gymnasiums that train young minds for higher things.

Then Kala-Saar asks Warsame, “Why does it strike me as if Xalan has had an out-of-body experience? You don’t look your usual self, either. Is there something you haven’t told me?”

Ahl suspects that Kala-Saar is casting around for confirmation of something he has already picked up from talking to either the chauffeur or Faai. Warsame tells him about the appearance and disappearance of Saifullah, ending with a caveat: that Kala-Saar hold back whatever comments he is likely to make until after Xalan has returned. Kala-Saar agrees to this condition, and turns to ask Ahl if there has been any sign of Taxliil yet.

Ahl says, “Not yet, but we live in hope.”

“Taxliil will be all right,” Kala-Saar predicts.

They fall silent and wait for Xalan’s return.

That there are several of them gathered at her table, eating a meal she has prepared, gives immense joy to Xalan, who constantly thinks about “family.” She takes her place next to Kala-Saar, calling to Faai to lower the volume of the radio in the kitchen so that the conversation can flow.

Meanwhile, for a man who didn’t want to eat, Kala-Saar is only too eager to start on the feast Xalan has prepared, with a choice of vegetables and meaty things of every variety, and fish cooked in batter. Maybe Xalan has cooked her way out of her despair.

Kala-Saar takes a sip of water and makes a face. He quotes from Yusuful Khal’s “Prayers in a Temple,” in which the Lebanese poet writes about a stone speaking and becoming bread, and then wine. Pressed by Xalan to explain his meaning, and egged on by Warsame, Kala-Saar looks in Ahl’s direction, and quotes: “A lack, a regrettable absence from this good table, a glass of good wine.”

He continues, “When you put Saifullah’s and Taxliil’s disappearances into the wider perspective, I can’t help but conclude that it is all part of a new thinking among the young. As parents, we are at fault. As adults, we are no models to our children. As teachers, we are no example to our students. We’re culpable in that we, who think of ourselves as educated secularists, have not inspired the younger generation, who are responding to our failure with rebellious rejection of everything we have so far stood for. In the early nineties, many of the young joined the clan-based militia groupings as recruits and killed and died serving the warlords who hired them. Lately, they’ve sought and found their role models elsewhere: imams and gurus from other places, other disciplines, and other cultures. Some have even become infatuated with dub poets of whom we may not approve. The young have marked their dissent in the strongest of terms, because we, as parents, as adults, and as teachers, have not been open with them.”

Ahl asks, “But as rejectionists, what have they become?”

Kala-Saar says, “Some have become terrorists, others insurgents.”

“What are the essential differences between the terrorists and the insurgents?” Ahl says.

“The terrorists massacre the innocent purposely, whereas the insurgents’ resistance to the Ethiopian occupation compels their opponents, that is to say the Ethiopians or the Somalis fighting in the name of the FedForces, to kill the innocent without meaning to do so.”

“I see no difference between these slaughterers,” Warsame says.

Ahl asks, “How would you describe Shabaab — insurgents or terrorists?”

“Shabaab are terrorists: they aim to destroy, not to build, and as such they do not value human life, as we do,” Kala-Saar says. “Even so, I would think of them as genuine insurrectionists, who oppose the occupation and fight it by all means possible. Sadly, though, it is in the nature of wars to kill the innocent.”

“What about the women?” Xalan says.

“What about them?” Kala-Saar asks.

Xalan says, “Do you think that only the young form a movement of discontent?”

“They do so without a doubt,” Kala-Saar says.

Ahl asks, “In your view, to what does this unhappiness lead — eventually?”

“This eventually leads to self-hate.”

“Which will in turn lead to what?” Ahl asks.

Kala-Saar puts down his spoon and fork and takes his time chewing a mouthful, pondering. He stares at Ahl for a long time, and finally shifts his gaze to Xalan, smiling with the contentment of someone who has found an answer to a very tricky question. He says, “To paraphrase the French sociologist Bruno Étienne, this type of self-hate results in the nation murdering itself, and in the process of doing so, the individual committing suicide becomes a metaphor for the death culture.”

The silence following this indicates to Ahl that no one has understood Kala-Saar’s meaning, but no one asks him to elaborate. They all go back to their food with renewed concentration.

Xalan says, “What about us women? Don’t women inveigh against the male injustices in a stronger fashion than before?”

“I don’t wish to hurt your feelings, my dear Xalan, but I don’t see the women in Somalia working their commitment to liberation into a viable force for change,” Kala-Saar says. “They haven’t shown signs of rebellion in the way the youth have done. Women in Somalia at present are no longer a force of positive, progressive change, but of retrogression. This is because the mosques serve as clubs — and you know you are hardly represented at the mosques. In my view, women have become backward-looking retrogrades, veil-wearing and submissive. Times were when Somali women were better organized — as members of political movements, as beacons of the nation. Not anymore.”

Xalan studies her knuckles. “Talking about the young, what is your position on suicide bombing or self-murder — actions that are classed among their kind as martyrdom?”

Kala-Saar chews awkwardly, as though his front teeth are wobbly and of little use. He speaks with his mouth half-full and spits bits of food in all directions. “I might approve of Shabaab if their actions were likely to bring about change — a change toward a better society. They are not. They are good at disrupting, not at constructing anything. Like the Brigate Rosse. I lived in Italy when they terrorized that country. I do not approve of destructive methods. Moreover, Shabaab is a passing fad — they will go the way fireflies go.”

He pauses, wipes his mouth, sips his water, and then goes on. “What is my attitude toward suicide bombing? Here is the problem. No priest is prepared to pay the ultimate price for Islam through self-sacrifice himself. Nor do any of them put forward their own children to die for the cause for which they claim to be fighting; only other people’s sons and brothers. They are a dishonest lot, and I do not approve of dishonest behavior.”