John C. Lorenz - Applied Concepts in Fractured Reservoirs

3 Part 3Figure 3.1 Three possible conditions for fracture apertures and faces, dependi...Figure 3.2 Viscous oil seeping from fractures in tilted strata of the Eocene P...Figure 3.3 The face of a cored extension fracture (parallel to the plane of th...Figure 3.4 Left : irregular, intersecting, high‐angle, strike‐slip shear fractu...Figure 3.5 One‐inch plugs, containing natural, calcite‐mineralized vertical‐ex...Figure 3.6 Cross plot of matrix permeability vs. deformation‐band permeability...Figure 3.7 Left : a stylolite with associated short extension fractures in a li...Figure 3.8 A cross plot of porosity vs. permeability, distinguishing microfrac...Figure 3.9 Fractures can significantly enhance system permeability in conventi...Figure 3.10 An anisotropic fracture‐permeability system in the Midale carbonat...Figure 3.11 Top : a map showing the map‐view locations (red dots) of the three ...Figure 3.12 A single set of well‐developed extension fractures creates a defin...Figure 3.13 Top : map views of fractures captured by near‐horizontal cores cut ...Figure 3.14 Left : the pattern of tracer breakthrough between injection and obs...Figure 3.15 Dynamically compatible fracture sets, consisting of parallel, unif...Figure 3.16 Plan view of a sandstone bedding surface in the Cretaceous Frontie...Figure 3.17 Map views showing conceptual drainage ellipses around vertical wel...Figure 3.18 Left : chart showing the relationship over several orders of magnit...Figure 3.19 Top : production curves show interference between wells A (blue) an...Figure 3.20 Laboratory tests show that mineralized natural fractures in differ...Figure 3.21 Examples of laboratory tests comparing the susceptibility of fract...Figure 3.22 Left : The conductivity of fractured plugs cut from cores of the Ca...Figure 3.23 Stress‐sensitive, elastic fracture systems. Top : well tests in the...Figure 3.24 Two views of an inclined, dip‐slip shear fracture with an irregula...Figure 3.25 Left : Olsson (1992) and Olsson and Brown (1993) measured the chang...Figure 3.26 Gutierrez et al. (2000) used a laboratory setup similar to that sh...Figure 3.27 Calcium carbonate scale buildup reduces the diameter of oilfield t...Figure 3.28 A fractured 1 m 3block of rock that contains either a one‐centimet...Figure 3.29 Subsurface data from 115 ft (35 m) of horizontal core that was cut...Figure 3.30 Upper left : routine plugging of a core often captures natural frac...Figure 3.31 Calculating fracture surface area per volume of rock. Fracture fac...Figure 3.32 The two fracture faces of a 1 m x 3 m fracture provide significant...Figure 3.33 Observed complexity of blue‐dyed grout injections pumped into weld...Figure 3.34 Map‐view conceptual models of the interaction between natural and ...Figure 3.35 Cored multi‐stranded vertical hydraulic fractures captured by devi...Figure 3.36 Left : dike‐parallel vertical extension fractures in sandstone are ...Figure 3.37 Site of the first U.S. nuclear stimulation experiment, named “Proj...

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John C. Lorenz

FractureStudies LLC NewMexico, USA

Scott P. Cooper

FractureStudies LLC NewMexico, USA

This edition first published 2020

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