Bio-Based Epoxy Polymers, Blends, and Composites

7 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 SEM micrographs of (a) pure synthetic epoxy, and blends of (b) ep...Figure 7.2 The (a) impact strength and (b) fracture toughness ( G IC) properti...Figure 7.3 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of bamboo/bioepoxy...

8 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 Poly(DPDPM) line width (▪) and free spin population (♦Figure 8.2 Poly(DPDPM) electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra vs. heating tim...Figure 8.3 Temperature dependence (140–440 K) of spin–lattice interaction ti...Figure 8.4 Concentration dependence of susceptibility χ 3of poly(1,6‐he...

9 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 The schematic of NMR analysis processor.Figure 9.2 Sample of NMR plot as a result of analysis.

10 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 LOI test method.Figure 10.2 UL‐94 method.Figure 10.3 Cone calorimeter configuration.Figure 10.4 Heat flux‐dependent HRR and THR for glass fiber‐reinforced PA 66...Figure 10.5 Sample thickness‐dependent HRR for PMMA [48].Figure 10.6 HRR curves for different types of samples. (a) Thin samples, (b)...Figure 10.7 Effect of distance between a sample surface and the cone heater ...Figure 10.8 MCC configuration.Figure 10.9 Eugenol‐derived epoxy monomers.Figure 10.10 Vanillin‐derived epoxy monomers.Figure 10.11 Furan‐derived epoxy monomers.Figure 10.12 Conceptual diagram of (a) single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)...Figure 10.13 Structure of 2 : 1 layered silicate such as montmorillonite cla...Figure 10.14 Carbon nanotubes coated with phosphorus–nitrogen flame retardan...Figure 10.15 Postulated mechanism of flame‐retardant additives. al. [61, 62]...Figure 10.16 Heat release rate of reference and flame‐retarded GFTE composit...Figure 10.17 Chemical structure of the epoxy resin components and applied fl...

11 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 Structure of gallic acid.Figure 11.2 Water uptake of polymeric composites at an absorbed dose of (a) ...Figure 11.3 Structure of eugenol.

12 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 Schematic representation of the most common extrinsic self‐heali...Figure 12.2 Difference between extrinsic and intrinsic healing polymeric net...Figure 12.3 (A) Coating surface after immersion for 500 hours in 3.5% NaCl s...Figure 12.4 Rearrangement of cross‐links through reversible covalent bonds (...Figure 12.5 (a–c) Scratch healing process on a DGEBA‐FA‐BMI cross‐linked pol...Figure 12.6 (A): (a) Neat ENR and (b) ENR‐CMCS self‐healing qualitative test...Figure 12.7 (a) Stress–strain curves for modified lap‐shear tests of control...Figure 12.8 Rows 1–3: Reparation of a crack in lignin‐PEG epoxy thermosets w...Figure 12.9 (A) Pictures depicting a crack mending in an isosorbide‐based ep...Figure 12.10 Schematic representation of the phases of bonding under light p...Figure 12.11 Peel and loop tack strength with cohesion/adhesion balance.Figure 12.12 Synthesis pathway of ESO/OLA copolymers [78].Figure 12.13 Rheological behavior of ESO‐SA samples (epoxy : COOH 1 : 1)....Figure 12.14 Structure of syntactic foam. Entrapped voids are marked as “A.”...Figure 12.15 Structure of diepoxy cardanol.Figure 12.16 SEM image syntactic foams with different ESO content: (a) 0% (2...Figure 12.17 (a) Storage modulus and (b) tan δ curves of syn...Figure 12.18 SEM micrographs of the pure and reinforced epoxy foams with dif...Figure 12.19 Epoxy–foam adhesives between automotive panels (a) before and (...Figure 12.20 Horizontal plane SEM micrographs of foams with different foamin...Figure 12.21 Photo (a), light microscopy ((b) magnification: 50...Figure 12.22 Foams based on EAO and ELO and SEM pictures.Figure 12.23 Epoxy foams based on epoxidized cardanol.

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2 Table of Contents

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