Mineral Resource Economy 2

5 Chapter 8 Figure 8.1.Comparative change in world gross domestic product (GDP), world stee...

1 Chapter 1 Table 1.1.Raw material supply disruptions due to political instability since 19... Table 1.2.Maximum ratio of cumulative demand for materials by 2050 to identifie... Table 1.3.Geographic concentration of production (P) and reserves (R) of minera... Table 1.4.Amount of water and energy used for ore extraction or reuse of waste ...

2 Chapter 3 Table 3.1.Major coal producers in 1981 and 2017 (source: BP Statistics (2018))

3 Chapter 7 Table 7.1.Comparison of contents in natural deposits and in selected wastes (so... Table 7.2.Concentrations of precious metals in the stream to be recycled accord... Table 7.3.Distribution of income in the electronic waste deposit (source: Cucch...

1 Cover

2 Table of Contents

3 Title Page SCIENCES Energy , Field Directors – Alain Dollet, Pascal Brault Raw Materials and Materials for Energy , Subject Heads – Olivier Vidal and Frédéric Schuster

4 Copyright First published 2021 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address: ISTE Ltd 27-37 St George’s Road London SW19 4EU UK www.iste.co.uk John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA www.wiley.com © ISTE Ltd 2021 The rights of Florian Fizaine and Xavier Galiègue to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Library of Congress Control Number: 2021940276 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-78945-025-5 ERC code: SH1 Individuals, Markets and Organisations SH1_12 Agricultural economics; energy economics; environmental economics PE10 Earth System Science PE10_10 Mineralogy, petrology, igneous petrology, metamorphic petrology

5 Introduction Introduction Florian FIZAINE1 and Xavier GALIÈGUE2 1 IREGE, Savoie Mont Blanc University, Annecy, France 2 LEO, University of Orléans, France We have seen in Volume 1 of this book that the context of mineral resources involves strong interactions between the material and physical constraints of extractive industries and those of the economy and social representations. These interactions are now strong enough for us to consider that we have already entered a new geological era, the Anthropocene era, in which the metabolism of the planet is shaped by human activity. However, unlike other geological eras, if the Anthropocene generates evolutions that are unintentional consequences of human activities, these could be voluntarily influenced – on the condition that public opinion becomes aware of this and assumes the consequences of voluntarist policies in this field. A large part of this volume, Volume 2, will be devoted to examining the leverage available to us to make the energy transition compatible with the use of our mineral resources. However, before examining them, it will also be necessary to address a number of issues related to the legal regimes governing access to mineral resources, the geopolitical interactions between producing and consuming countries and the impact of extractive activities on populations.

6 Begin Reading

7 Conclusion

8 List of Authors

9 Index

10 End User License Agreement

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SCIENCES

Energy , Field Directors – Alain Dollet, Pascal Brault

Raw Materials and Materials for Energy , Subject Heads – Olivier Vidal and Frédéric Schuster

Coordinated by

Florian Fizaine

Xavier Galiègue

First published 2021 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.