Applied Smart Health Care Informatics

Siddhartha Bhattacharyya

CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India

Ujjwal Maulik

Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

This edition first published 2022

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Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data

Names: De, Sourav, 1979‐ editor. | Das, Rik, 1978‐ editor. | Bhattacharyya,

Siddhartha, 1975‐ editor. | Maulik, Ujjwal, editor.

Title: Applied smart health care informatics : a computational intelligence

perspective / Sourav De, Rik Das, Siddhartha Bhattacharyya, Ujjwal

Maulik.

Description: First edition. | Hoboken, NJ : Wiley, 2022. | Series: The

Wiley series in intelligent signal and data processing | Includes index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2021039430 (print) | LCCN 2021039431 (ebook) | ISBN

9781119743170 (hardback) | ISBN 9781119743200 (adobe pdf) | ISBN

9781119742982 (epub)

Subjects: LCSH: Medical informatics.

Classification: LCC R858 .A69 2022 (print) | LCC R858 (ebook) | DDC

610.285–dc23/eng/20211001

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021039430

LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021039431

Cover Design: Wiley

Cover Image: © sdecoret/Shutterstock

Sourav De would like to dedicate this book to his respected father‐in‐law, Late Barun Ghosh.

Rik Das would like to dedicate this book to his father Mr. Kamal Kumar Das, his mother Mrs. Malabika Das, his wife Mrs. Simi Das, and his children Sohan and Dikshan.

Siddhartha Bhattacharyya would like to dedicate this book to Late Nalini Bhuson Acharjee and Late Nirmala Acharjee, the parents‐in‐law of his second eldest sister.

Ujjwal Maulik would like to dedicate this volume to all his students, including his son UTSAV, his colleagues, and his collaborators.

Health care informatics, aka medical informatics, refers to the application of information engineering and management to the field of health care, which covers the management and use of patient health care information. By means of a multidisciplinary approach, it uses health information technology to improve health care by migrating to newer and higher quality opportunities. The United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) defines health informatics as “an interdisciplinary study of the design, development, adoption and application of IT‐based innovations in health care services delivery, management and planning.” Essentially, it affects the optimization of the acquisition, storage, retrieval, and use of information in health and bio‐medicine. Intelligent health care informatics augments the purview of existing health care amenities by adapting intelligent technologies to information engineering. Intelligent analysis of the information therein enhances the overall management as far as resource use is concerned.

With the advent of Big Data analysis, intelligent health care informatics has called for the efficient and effective use of healthcare data and the diagnosis thereof. During the next few years, there must be a sea change in the approaches to health care management. Smart pills may come to the foray as Bio‐MEMS drug delivery systems or intelligent drug delivery systems. Wearable medical devices could be attached to the patient's body to keep in touch with physicians for real time monitoring. Nano‐bots might be used to collect specimens or look for early signs of disease. Content management could also become more intelligent and intricate.

Patients with chronic disease live for decades through modern medication, surgery, close supervision, and other modern treatments. Soon, patients can manage their healthcare conditions. They can also take necessary measures to prevent escalation and deterioration of their health. Curative and reactive healthcare approaches will switch to preventive and proactive health management. Someday, people will be able to control their own lifestyle and future health, and that will bring a revolution.

In this journey, artificial intelligence or computational intelligence will play a pivotal role in improving the quality of services of healthcare systems, and that will bring a better coordination of care. Intelligent health will be the potential solution to keep up with the escalating increase of healthcare cost. Huge amounts of existing data in the healthcare sector can be managed with the tools of intelligent systems like machine learning, meta‐heuristic algorithms, big data, deep learning, internet‐of‐things (IoT), etc. It will be easy and faster for the surgeons, hospital, medical, and emergency staff to find the probable treatment or drug for rare diseases. Innovations of the intelligent systems in the healthcare arena may help society by reducing the cost and time of medical treatments; concrete solutions for a particular disease can be easily found.

This volume, comprising eight well‐versed chapters (apart from the introductory and concluding chapters), will entice the readers to engage with major emerging trends in technology that are supporting the advancement of the medical image analysis with the help of artificial intelligence and computational intelligence. This volume elaborates on the fundamentals and advancement of conventional approaches in the field of health care management. The scope of this volume also opens an arena in which researchers propose new approaches and review state‐of‐the‐art machine learning, computer vision, and soft computing techniques as well as relate the same to their applications in medical image analysis. The motivation of this volume is not only to put forward new ideas in technology innovation but also to analyse the effect of the same in the current context of medical healthcare.