Steven Holzner - Physics I For Dummies

9 Part 5: The Part of Tens Chapter 18: Ten Physics Heroes Galileo Galilei Sir Isaac Newton Charles-Augustin de Coulomb William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) Marie Salomea Skłodowska Curie Albert Einstein Emmy Noether Maria Goeppert Mayer Chen-Shiung Wu Jocelyn Bell Burnell Chapter 19: Ten Wild Physics Theories Time Slows Down Moving Objects Contract Heisenberg Says You Can’t Be Certain Black Holes Don’t Let Light Out Gravity Curves Space Matter and Antimatter Destroy Each Other Supernovas Are the Most Powerful Explosions The Universe Starts with the Big Bang and Ends with the Gnab Gib Microwave Ovens Are Hot Physics Most Matter is Invisible

10 Glossary

11 Index

12 About the Author

13 Connect with Dummies

14 End User License Agreement

1 Chapter 2 TABLE 2-1 Units of Measurement in the MKS System

2 Chapter 5TABLE 5-1 Units of Force

3 Chapter 7TABLE 7-1 Linear and Angular Motion Formulas

4 Chapter 8TABLE 8-1 Densities of Common Materials

5 Chapter 12TABLE 12-1 Moments of Inertia for Various Shapes and Solids

6 Chapter 15TABLE 15-1 Thermal Conductivities for Various Materials

1 Chapter 2FIGURE 2-1: A labeled triangle that you can use to find trig values.

2 Chapter 3FIGURE 3-1: Examining displacement with a golf ball.FIGURE 3-2: A ball moving in two dimensions.FIGURE 3-3: A trip from Ohio to Michigan.FIGURE 3-4: Increasing velocity under constant acceleration.

3 Chapter 4FIGURE 4-1: A vector, represented by an arrow, has both a direction and a magni...FIGURE 4-2: Equal vectors have the same length and direction but may have diffe...FIGURE 4-3: Going from the tail of one vector to the head of a second gets you ...FIGURE 4-4: Take the sum of two vectors by creating a new vector.FIGURE 4-5: Subtracting two vectors by putting their feet together and drawing ...FIGURE 4-6: Use vector coordinates to make handling vectors easy.FIGURE 4-7: Breaking a vector into components allows you to add or subtract the...FIGURE 4-8: Using the angle created by a vector to get to a hotel.FIGURE 4-9: A baseball diamond is a series of vectors created by the x -axis and...FIGURE 4-10: You can use acceleration and change in time to find a change in ve...FIGURE 4-11: A golf ball about to roll off a cliff.FIGURE 4-12: A kicked soccer ball.

4 Chapter 5FIGURE 5-1: Accelerating a hockey puck.FIGURE 5-2: A ball in flight may face many forces that act on it.FIGURE 5-3: The net force vector factors in all forces to determine the ball’s ...FIGURE 5-4: A free-body diagram of all the forces acting on a football at one t...FIGURE 5-5: Equal forces acting on a car tire and the road during acceleration.FIGURE 5-6: Pulling a heavy puck with a rope to exert equal force on both ends.FIGURE 5-7: Using a pulley to exert force.FIGURE 5-8: Using a pulley at an angle to keep a mass stationary.FIGURE 5-9: Hanging a sign requires equilibrium from the involved forces.

5 Chapter 6FIGURE 6-1: Racing a cart down a ramp.FIGURE 6-2: The angle of the direction perpendicular to the ramp surface from t...FIGURE 6-3: The forces acting on a bar of gold.FIGURE 6-4: You must battle different types of force and friction to push an ob...FIGURE 6-5: All the forces acting on an object sliding down a ramp.FIGURE 6-6: Shooting a cannon at a particular angle with respect to the ground.

6 Chapter 7FIGURE 7-1: Velocity constantly changes direction when an object is in circular...FIGURE 7-2: A golf ball on a string traveling with constant speed.FIGURE 7-3: The forces acting on a car banking around a turn.FIGURE 7-4: A circular arc extends an angle of one radian.FIGURE 7-5: The force and velocity of a ball on a circular track.

7 Chapter 8FIGURE 8-1: A cube of water has different pressures on the top and bottom faces...FIGURE 8-2: A hydraulic system magnifies force.FIGURE 8-3: A raft in water.FIGURE 8-4: A streamline shows the directions of flow.FIGURE 8-5: A cube of fluid flowing through a pipe.

8 Chapter 9FIGURE 9-1: To do work on this gold ingot, you have to push with enough force t...FIGURE 9-2: More force is required to do the same amount of work if you pull at...FIGURE 9-3: You find the net force acting on an object to find its speed at the...FIGURE 9-4: Kinetic energy converted to potential energy and then back to kinet...

9 Chapter 10FIGURE 10-1: Examining force versus time gives you the impulse you apply on obj...FIGURE 10-2: The average force over a time interval depends on the values the f...FIGURE 10-3: Shooting a wooden block on a string allows you to experiment with ...FIGURE 10-4: Before, during, and after a collision between two balls moving in ...

10 Chapter 11FIGURE 11-1: A ball in circular motion has angular speed with respect to the ra...FIGURE 11-2: Angular velocity points in a direction perpendicular to the wheel.FIGURE 11-3: Angular acceleration in the same direction as the angular velocity...FIGURE 11-4: Angular acceleration in the direction opposite the angular velocit...FIGURE 11-5: Angular acceleration perpendicular to the angular velocity tilts t...FIGURE 11-6: A seesaw demonstrates torque in action.FIGURE 11-7: The torque you exert on a door depends on where you push it.FIGURE 11-8: You produce a useful angle of a lever arm by exerting force in the...FIGURE 11-9: A turning motion toward larger positive angles indicates a positiv...FIGURE 11-10: A schematic of the forces acting on Hercules’s arm.FIGURE 11-11: Hanging a heavy flag requires some serious torque.FIGURE 11-12: Keeping a ladder upright requires friction and rotational equilib...

11 Chapter 12FIGURE 12-1: A tangential force applied to a ball on a string.FIGURE 12-2: The shapes corresponding to the moments of inertia in Table 12-1.FIGURE 12-3: You use the torque you apply and the angular motion of the pulley ...FIGURE 12-4: Exerting a force to turn a tire.FIGURE 12-5: A solid cylinder and a hollow cylinder ready to race down a ramp.

12 Chapter 13FIGURE 13-1: The direction of force exerted by a spring.FIGURE 13-2: A ball on a spring, influenced by gravity.FIGURE 13-3: Tracking a ball’s simple harmonic motion over time.FIGURE 13-4: The vertical component of the displacement of an object moving in ...FIGURE 13-5: A reference circle helps you analyze simple harmonic motion.FIGURE 13-6: A pendulum moves in simple harmonic motion.

13 Chapter 14FIGURE 14-1: Linear expansion usually takes place when you apply heat to solids...FIGURE 14-2: Phase changes of water.

14 Chapter 15FIGURE 15-1: You can see convection in action by boiling a pot of water.FIGURE 15-2: Conduction heats the pot that holds the boiling water.FIGURE 15-3: Conducting heat in a bar of steel.FIGURE 15-4: An incandescent light bulb radiates heat into its environment.

15 Chapter 16FIGURE 16-1: For an ideal gas, pressure is directly proportional to temperature...

16 Chapter 17FIGURE 17-1: An isobaric system may feature a change in volume, but the pressur...FIGURE 17-2: Pressure and volume in an isobaric system.FIGURE 17-3: An isochoric system features a constant volume as other quantities...FIGURE 17-4: Because volume is constant in an isochoric process, no work is don...FIGURE 17-5: An isothermal system maintains a constant temperature amidst other...FIGURE 17-6: The area under the curve shows the work done in an isothermal proc...FIGURE 17-7: An adiabatic system doesn’t allow heat to escape or enter.FIGURE 17-8: An adiabatic graph of pressure versus volume.FIGURE 17-9: A heat engine turns heat into work.

1 Cover

2 Title Page

3 Copyright

4 Table of Contents

5 Begin Reading

6 Glossary

7 Index

8 About the Author

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