Томас Вудс - Как католическая церковь создала западную цивилизацию

Иоанн Дамаскин. Три слова в защиту иконопочитания. СПб.:

Азбука-классика, 2001.

Кафка Ф. Избранное. М.: Радуга, 1989.

Кеплер И. О шестиугольных снежинках. М.: Наука, 1982.

Менгер К. Основания политической экономии // Менгер К.

Избранные работы. М.: Территория будущего, 2005.

Ницше Ф. Веселая наука. М.: ОЛМА-ПРЕСС, 2001.

Ницше Ф. По ту сторону добра и зла. К генеалогии морали. М.: ОЛМА-ПРЕСС, 2001.

Шумпетер И. История экономического анализа. Т. 1. СПб.: Экономическая школа, 2001.

См., напр.: Henry Kamen, The Spanish Inquisition: A Historical Revision (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999); Edward M. Peters, Inquisition (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989).

Christopher Knight and Robert Lomas, Second Messiah (Gloucester, Mass.: Fair Winds Press, 2001), 70.

Ibid., 71.

J. L. Heilbron, The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar Observatories (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999), 3.

Reginald Grégoire, Leo Moulin, and Raymond Oursel, The Monastic Realm (New York: Rizzoli, 1985), 277.

Harold J. Berman, The Interaction of Law and Religion (Nashville, Term.: Abingdon Press, 197 4), 59.

Will Durant, Caesar and Christ (New York: MJF Books, 1950), 79.

Henri Daniel-Rops, The Church in the Dark Ages, trans. Audrey Butler (London: J. M. Dent & Sons, 1959), 59.

J. N. Hillgarth, ed., Christianity and Paganism, 350–750: The Conversion of Western Europe (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1986), 69.

Ibid., 70.

Gustav Schnurer, Church and Culture in the Middle Ages , vol. 1, trans. George J. Undreiner (Paterson, NJ: Saint Anthony Guild Press, 1956), 285.

Joseph H. Lynch, The Medieval Church: A Brief History (London: Longman, 1992), 89.

Ibid., 95; Kenneth Clark, Civilisation: A Personal View (NewYork: HarperPerennial, 1969), 18.

Lynch, 95.

L. D. Reynolds and N. G. Wilson, Scribes and Scholars: A Guide to the Transmission of Greek and Latin Literature, 3 rd ed. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991), 95.

Philippe Wolff, The Awakening of Europe (New York: Penguin Books, 1968), 57.

Ibid., 77.

David Knowles, The Evolution of Medieval Thought, 2nd ed. (London: Longman, 1988), 69.

Wolff, 48–49.

Knowles, 66.

Wolff, 153ff.

Andrew Fleming West, Mcuin and the Rise of the Christian Schools (NewYork: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1892), 179.

Christopher Dawson, Religion and the Rise of Western Culture (NewYork: Image Books, 1991 [1950]), 66.

Ibid.

Daniel-Rops, 538.

Wolff, 183.

Ibid., 177–178.

Philip Hughes, A History of the Church, vol. 1, rev. ed. (London: Sheedand Ward, 1948), 138–139.

Ibid., 140.

После основания в начале X века Клюнийского аббатства управление бенедиктинским орденом было отчасти централизовано. Клюнийский аббат стал высшей властью для всех вновь создаваемых бенедиктинских обителей и назначал их приоров.

Will Durant, The Age of Faith (New York: MJF Books, 1950), 519.

G. Cyprian Alston, "The Benedictine Order," Catholic Encyclopedia, 2nd ed., 1913.

Alexander Clarence Flick, The Rise of the Mediaeval Church (NewYork: BurtFranklin, 1909), 216.

Ныне Массачусетский университет в Амхерсте (University of Massachusetts Amherst). – Прим. ред.

Henry H. Goodell, "The Influence of the Monks in Agriculture," address delivered before the Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture, August 23, 1901, 22. Copy in the Goodell Papers at the University of Massachusetts.

Flick, 223.

Cm. John Henry Cardinal Newman, Essays and Sketches, vol. 3, Charles Frederick Harrold, ed. (New York: Longmans, Green and Co., 1948), 264–265.

Goodell, "The Influence of the Monks in Agriculture",11.

Ibid., 6.

Charles Montalembert, The Monks of the West: From Saint Benedict to Saint Bernard, vol. 5 (London: Nimmo, 1896), 208.

Goodell, "The Influence of the Monks in Agriculture", 7–8.

Ibid., 8.

Ibid., 8, 9.

Ibid., 10.

Montalembert, 198–199.

John B. O'Connor, Monasticism and Civilization (New York: P. J. Kennedy & Sons, 1921), 35–36.

Jean Gimpel, The Medieval Machine: The Industrial Revolution of the Middle Ages (New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1976), 5.

Randall Collins, Weberian Sociological Theory (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986), 53–54.

Gimpel, 5.

Ibid., 3.

Цит. по: David Luckhurst, "Monastic Watermills", Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings, no. 8 (London, n.d.), 6; quoted in Gimpel, 5–6.

Gimpel, 67.

Ibid., 68.

Ibid., 1.

Reginald Grégoire, Leo Moulin, and Raymond Oursel, The Monastic Realm (New York: Rizzoli, 1985), 271.

Ibid., 275.

Stanley L. Jaki, "Medieval Creativity in Science and Technology", in Patterns and Principles and Other Essays (Bryn Mawr, Pa.: Intercollegiate Studies Institute, 1995), 81; см. также: Lynn White Jr., "Eilmerof Malmesbury, an Eleventh-Century Aviator: A Case Study of Technological Innovation, Its Context and Tradition", Technology and Culture 2 (1961): 97 – 111.