Henrik Ibsen - Doll's House

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The play is significant for the way it deals with the fate of a married woman, who at the time in Norway lacked reasonable opportunities for self-fulfillment in a male dominated world. It aroused a great sensation at the time, and caused a “storm of outraged controversy” that went beyond the theatre to the world newspapers and society.
About the Author Born in 1828,
was a Norwegian playwright and poet, often associated with the early Modernist movement in theatre. Determined to become a playwright from a young age, Ibsen began writing while working as an apprentice pharmacist to help support his family. Though his early plays were largely unsuccessful, Ibsen was able to take employment at a theatre where he worked as a writer, director, and producer. Ibsen’s first success came with
and
, and with later plays like
and
he became one of the most performed playwrights in the world, second only to William Shakespeare. Ibsen died in his home in Norway in 1906 at the age of 78.

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MAID

( Coming in with the Tree ). Where shall I put it, ma’am?

NORA

Here, in the middle of the floor.

MAID

Shall I get you anything else?

NORA

No, thank you. I have all I want. ( Exit MAID)

Nora.

( Begins dressing the tree .) A candle here-and flowers here—The horrible man! It’s all nonsense—there’s nothing wrong. The tree shall be splendid! I will do everything I can think of to please you, Torvald!—I will sing for you, dance for you—(HELMER comes in with some papers under his arm .) Oh! are you back already?

HELMER

Yes. Has anyone been here?

NORA

Here? No.

HELMER

That is strange. I saw Krogstad going out of the gate.

NORA

Did you? Oh yes, I forgot, Krogstad was here for a moment.

HELMER

Nora, I can see from your manner that he has been here begging you to say a good word for him.

NORA

Yes.

HELMER

And you were to appear to do it of your own accord; you were to conceal from me the fact of his having been here; didn’t he beg that of you too?

NORA

Yes, Torvald, but—

HELMER

Nora, Nora, and you would be a party to that sort of thing? To have any talk with a man like that, and give him any sort of promise? And to tell me a lie into the bargain?

NORA

A lie—?

HELMER

Didn’t you tell me no one had been here? ( Shakes his finger at her .) My little songbird must never do that again. A songbird must have a clean beak to chirp with—no false notes! ( Puts his arm round her waist .) That is so, isn’t it? Yes, I am sure it is. ( Lets her go .) We will say no more about it. ( Sits down by the stove .) How warm and snug it is here! ( Turns over his papers .)

Nora.

( After a short pause, during which she busies herself with the Christmas Tree .) Torvald!

HELMER

Yes.

NORA

I am looking forward tremendously to the fancy-dress ball at the Stenborgs’ the day after tomorrow.

HELMER

And I am tremendously curious to see what you are going to surprise me with.

NORA

It was very silly of me to want to do that.

HELMER

What do you mean?

NORA

I can’t hit upon anything that will do; everything I think of seems so silly and insignificant.

HELMER

Does my little Nora acknowledge that at last?

NORA

( Standing behind his chair with her arms on the back of it .) Are you very busy, Torvald?

HELMER

Well—

NORA

What are all those papers?

HELMER

Bank business.

NORA

Already?

HELMER

I have got authority from the retiring manager to undertake the necessary changes in the staff and in the rearrangement of the work; and I must make use of the Christmas week for that, so as to have everything in order for the new year.

NORA

Then that was why this poor Krogstad—

HELMER

Hm!

NORA

( Leans against the back of his chair and strokes his hair .) If you hadn’t been so busy I should have asked you a tremendously big favour, Torvald.

HELMER

What is that? Tell me.

NORA

There is no one has such good taste as you. And I do so want to look nice at the fancy-dress ball. Torvald, couldn’t you take me in hand and decide what I shall go as, and what sort of a dress I shall wear?

HELMER

Aha! so my obstinate little woman is obliged to get someone to come to her rescue?

NORA

Yes, Torvald, I can’t get along a bit without your help.

HELMER

Very well, I will think it over, we shall manage to hit upon something.

NORA

That is nice of you. ( Goes to the Christmas Tree. A short pause.) How pretty the red flowers look. . . . But, tell me, was it really something very bad that this Krogstad was guilty of?

HELMER

He forged someone’s name. Have you any idea what that means?

NORA

Isn’t it possible that he was driven to do it by necessity?

HELMER

Yes; or, as in so many cases, by imprudence. I am not so heartless as to condemn a man altogether because of a single false step of that kind.

NORA

No, you wouldn’t, would you, Torvald?

HELMER

Many a man has been able to retrieve his character, if he has openly confessed his fault and taken his punishment.

NORA

Punishment—?

HELMER

But Krogstad did nothing of that sort; he got himself out of it by a cunning trick, and that is why he has gone under altogether.

NORA

But do you think it would—?

HELMER

Just think how a guilty man like that has to lie and play the hypocrite with every one, how he has to wear a mask in the presence of those near and dear to him, even before his own wife and children. And about the children—that is the most terrible part of it all, Nora.

NORA

How?

HELMER

Because such an atmosphere of lies infects and poisons the whole life of a home. Each breath the children take in such a house is full of the germs of evil.

NORA

( Coming nearer him. ) Are you sure of that?

HELMER

My dear, I have often seen it in the course of my life as a lawyer. Almost everyone who has gone to the bad early in life has had a deceitful mother.

NORA

Why do you only say—mother?

HELMER

It seems most commonly to be the mother’s influence, though naturally a bad father’s would have the same result. Every lawyer is familiar with the fact. This Krogstad, now, has been persistently poisoning his own children with lies and dissimulation; that is why I say he has lost all moral character. (Holds out his hands to her.) That is why my sweet little Nora must promise me not to plead his cause. Give me your hand on it. Come, come, what is this? Give me your hand. There now, that’s settled. I assure you it would be quite impossible for me to work with him; I literally feel physically ill when I am in the company of such people.

NORA

( Takes her hand out of his and goes to the opposite side of the Christmas Tree .) How hot it is in here; and I have such a lot to do.

HELMER

( Getting up and putting his papers in order .) Yes, and I must try and read through some of these before dinner; and I must think about your costume, too. And it is just possible I may have something ready in gold paper to hang up on the Tree. ( Puts his hand on her head .) My precious little singing-bird! ( He goes into his room and shuts the door after him .)

NORA

( After a pause, whispers. ) No, no—it isn’t true. It’s impossible; it must be impossible.

( The NURSE opens the door on the left .)

NURSE

The little ones are begging so hard to be allowed to come in to mamma.

NORA

No, no, no! Don’t let them come in to me! You stay with them, Anne.

NURSE

Very well, ma’am. ( Shuts the door .)

NORA

( Pale with terror .) Deprave my little children? Poison my home? ( A short pause. Then she tosses her head .) It’s not true. It can’t possibly be true.

Act II Scene

The same scene. The Christmas Tree is in the corner by the piano, stripped of its ornaments and with burnt-down candle-ends on its dishevelled branches. NORA’S cloak and hat are lying on the sofa. She is alone in the room, walking about uneasily. She stops by the sofa and takes up her cloak.

NORA

( Drops her cloak .) Someone is coming now! ( Goes to the door and listens .) No—it is no one. Of course, no one will come today, Christmas Day—nor tomorrow either. But, perhaps—( opens the door and looks out ). No, nothing in the letterbox; it is quite empty. ( Comes forward .) What rubbish! Of course he can’t be in earnest about it. Such a thing couldn’t happen; it is impossible—I have three little children.

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