Кущ Т.Ю., Воловник М.С. Основы английского языка для судовых электриков (1998)

Maintenance instructions are also included in the separate operating instructions of a remote controller delivered with the machine provided with a remote controlled slip-ring device.

б) Для каждого из трех предложений выберите правильное продолжение, мысленно обращаясь к тексту данного задания.

1. In these machines the function of the brush lifting & short-circuit device must be checked from time to time ... .

a) before the brush lifting is affected; b) after installation; c) during maintenance of the machine.

2. If necessary ... shall be adjusted.

a) the short-circuit contacts; b) the brush-lifting bars; c) a remote controlled slip-ring device. .y

3. The worn-out contacts shall be ....

a) renewed; b) adjusted; c>checked. j;.

p) Учитывая контекст, восстановите в памяти пропущенни^е слова, затем запишите их на прозрачной пленке, наложенной на текст. Проверьте себя. Укажите количество правильно записанных слов.

In these machines the ... of the brush lifting ... short-circuit device must be ... from time to time,... during maintenance of the ... 'When moving from position ... to position “Run”, the ... contacts must reach their... position before the brush ... is effected. If necessary, the brush-lifting ... shall be adjusted. The short-circuit contacts... be in good condition. If necessary, the contacts ... be adjusted & the ... ones renewed. Also the new ... should be checked after ....

Результаты этой работы запишите в свою тетрадь и сравните

их с предыдущими. ...

42. /25 мин./ Прочтите отрывок из инструкции п ишетьте на вопросы.

1. How do you know the degree down to which the brushes/ may be worn? 2. How would you Hmedy worn brushes? 3. What' 1factors govern the choice of new brushes? 4. How would you go about new brushes? 5. What should you do to make the brushes move freely on their holders? г ?;i; ,

Replacing Brushes 1 {■ .

The degree down to which the brushes may be worn, isusu&ify shown in the dimension print of the brushes or by a mark engraved• on. the brush. ' iJr

In general, the brushes should be replaced after they have been worn down to approximately half of their original size. New brushes^ must be of the same quality as the original ones. As there generally' is reason to doubt whether the quality of the new brush set is. exactly the same as that of the old ones, all the brushes on the same slip ring have to be replaced at the same time. When fitting the new brushes, they have to be carefully ground to fit the curvature of the slip rings.

- The brushes can be ground with e.g. a grinding band which is a little broader than the brush. The band is placed below the brush fitted to the brush holder. The grinding is done by pressing the brush with one hand against the grinding band & by pulling the band,with one hand to the rotation direction of the machine, & by simultaneously pressing the end of the band the whole time against the slip ring. The grinding is finished when the working surface of the brush has perfect fit to the curvature of the slip ring. The grinding time can be shortened” by first using a coarse grinding band & by finishing with a fine granular one.

After grinding, the slip-ring device must be carefully cleaned from dust & it is checked that the brushes move freely on their holders. When replacing the brushes, the surface of the slip rings should be also cleaned.

43. /20 мин./ Парно-групповая работа. Используя полученные знания и умения, обсудите тему “Асинхронные двигатели”. Осветите, в частности, вопросы: а) заказ машины и запчастей; б) приемка, монтаж и первый пуск машины; защита машины от перегрузки; в) ручной и автоматический пуск и остановка машины; г) общие рекомендации по уходу за машиной.

44. / 10 мин./ Подробно опишите свои действия по уходу за машиной. Выполните по образцу задания 39.

1. Don’t allow the moisture to penetrate to the bearings <& windings. 2. Avoid the flashover between the phases or from a phase to the ground-connected parts. 3. Keep the short-circuit contacts in good condition.

45. / 5 мин./ Парная работа. Обсудите вопросы, связанные с обслуживанием машин. Используйте материал предыдущих заданий.

46. / 6 мин./ Ознакомьтесь с текстами А, В, G. Укажите

i номера предложений, которые дополняют инструкцию по монтажу и технической эксплуатации электрооборудования.

А 1. The working security, of the bearing is depending on correct mounting & regular inspection. 2. Ensure always that the oil level is in accordance with the marked oil level. 3. Flushing oil lubricated bearing is to be supplied with oil normally from the lubrication system of the prime mover. 4. Check carefully that the pipes for oil inlet & outlet are in good order. 5. By inspection the condition of the lubrication oil has to be controlled. 6. The bearing liner & the shaft have to be checked so that one can make sure of the good condition of the bearing. 7. Clean often the bearing housing outside in order to keep the cooling effect of the surface.

В 1. Machinery & equipment are to be so arranged as to provide free access to them for attendance & overhaul. 2. If auxiliary boilers are installed in one common space with the internal combustion engines then precautions must be taken to protect against the effect of flame from the furnace. 3. Fuel tanks are, as a rule, not to be installed above the ladders, main engines, steam boilers, electrical equipment & the main engine control station. 4. The machinery driving the cargo pumps & ventilators in pump rooms of tankers are to be installed in cargo pump rooms, but in spaces adjacent to the pump room. 5. Drive shafts are to be fitted with glands efficiently lubricated from outside the pump room. 6. Those parts of the glands which, due to the bad centricity of the drive shaft or damage of the bad bearings might contact, shall be made of material, that will not initiate sparks.

C 1. Electrical equipment is to be accessibly placed clear of inflammable material in well ventilated adequately lighted spaces in which inflammable gases cannot accumulate & where it is not exposed to risk of mechanical injury from water, steam or oil. 2. Where necessarily exposed to such risks the equipment is to be suitably constructed or enclosed. 3. Live parts are to be guarded where necessary. 4. Insulating materials & insulating windings are to be resistant to tracking, moisture, sea air & oil vapour unless special precautions are taken to protect them. 5. Equipment is not to remain~alive through the control circuit &/or pilot lamps when switched off by the control switch. 6. The operation of all electrical equipment & the lubricating arrangements are to be efficient under such conditions of vibration & shock as arise in normal prjffctice, & with the ship inclined from the normal at any angle up to 15° transversely, when pitching 10° longitudinally & when rolling up to 22.5° from the vertical. 7. Conductors & equipment are to be placed at such a distance from the magnetic compass or are to be disposed that the interfering magnetic field is negligible even when circuits are switched on & off.