Кущ Т.Ю., Воловник М.С. Основы английского языка для судовых электриков (1998)

l.When was the ideas of the nature of matter & electricity revolutionized? 2.How was the atom regarded hitherto? 3.How is -the atom regarded today? 4.What is matter now considered to be made of?

21. /2 мин./ а/ Прочтите/прослушайте и запомните информацию о естественных магнитах, б/ Слушая сокращенный вариант этой информации, скажите, что было опущено. /Опущенная информация выделена в тексте курсивом/.

Fig. I.

	Nucleus
с/

Valenceelectron

aJ Bodies charged with the same kind of electricity experience a mutual repulsion force.

b/ Bodies charged with opposite kinds of electricity experience a mutual force of attraction.

с/ Bohr model of a copper atom. It has 3 filled “shells" with 2, 8, and 18 electrons rotating in them.

Natural Magnets.

Centuries ago it was discovered that certain stones taken from the earth had two peculiar properties. One was that they possessed the power to attract & hold to them other bits of similar stones or iron. The other was that, when a piece of this stone was suspended /hung/ from a cord /горе/, it would always come to rest with one end pointing north. The Chinese were the first to discover & use this stone to aid / help/ in determining directions. Its later common use was in navigation.

22. Отработайте правильность чтения основного текста, следя по книге и повторяя за диктором в паузах /15 мин./.

23. /6 мин./ а/ Прослушайте/прочтите короткий рассказ об одном ученом, постарайтесь понять как можно больше информа-ци и догадаться, о ком идет речь, б/ Выскажите свое мнение или обменяйтесь мнениями о значении изобретения этого ученого со своим партнером.

He was an architect, bridge builder, researcher in physics & an electrician. His famous invention was regarded as perpetual motion*. It was displayed in May, 1834. The apparatus consisted of two sets of electromagnets, eight in each set. One set was stationary & the other one* was fastened to a rotational wheel. He could not continue his experiments in Germany. He was able to resume** the work only in Russia where he was granted 50,000 roubles. Soon he made the motor with 24 stationary U-shape electromagnets & 12 rotating electromagnets.' The output of this motor was 120 W. During the experiment on the Neva the output was 180 W. His final result was 550 W or 3/4 of a horsepower. The failure*** of his invention resulted from great weight of many batteries. Yet this motor as a new form of marine power was further developed into the modern electric motor.

24.3аучите короткие диалоги.

1. A: We’ll try ten tubes in parallel.

B: Yes? With what contacts?

A: How do I know?

2. A: Don’t treat me like that!

B: How should I treat you?

3. A: Ready for voltage?

B: Yes.

4. A: Ever have you any experience?

B: No research. Professor White, but I’m anxious to get started.

25. /8 мин./ а/ Дважды прослушайте/прочтите диалог, стараясь его запомнить, б/ Воспроизведите диалог в парах, записывая себя на магнитофонную пленку и меняясь ролями.

A: What did you do your research in?

B: Automation of ship electrical power plant.

A: What are you going to do now?

B: Kherson. I’ve just got a pretty good job there.

26. /7 мин./ Постарайтесь понять содержание следующих предложений. Запишите руские эквиваленты выделенных в них словосочетаний.

1. It is a matter of common observation that permanent magnets are used in compasses, earphones, loudspeakers, electric motors, electric tachometers, miniature-sized motors, etc. 2. As a whole, natural magnets no longer have any practicle value, as it is now possible to manufacture powerful artificial magnets in a great •Variety of shapes to meet definite requirements. 3. It stands no reason, that the German scientist Kirchhoff did much pioneering work in the physics of light & heat. .

27. /5 мин./ Попытайтесь определить значение слова unit в следующих словосочетаниях. В случае необходимости, проверьте себя по словарю.

1/ binary unit 2/ control unit 3/ convertion unit 4/ coupling unit 5/ fuse unit 6/ insulator unit 7/ power unit 8/ printing unit 9/ switch-gear unit 10/ test unit 11/ timing unit 12/ memory unit 13/ stand-by unit.

вечный двигатель

возобновить

неудача

28. /5 мин./ а/ Прочтите следующий текст, б/ Ответьте на следующие вопросы сначала по-русски, затем попробуйте это сделать и по-английски.

1. What is magnetism? 2. What is a magnet? 3.What are magnetic materials? 4. What conclusion do two definitions of a magnet & magnetic materials lead to?

Magnetism, Magnets, Magnetic Materials

Magnetism is generally defined as the property or power of a material to attract & hold pieces of iron or steel. Bearing this in mind*, it would be better to consider** magnetism as the study of all properties & actions oi magnets & magnetic materials. A magnet is defined as a body that has the property of polarity & the power of attracting iron & steel. Magnetic materials are those which will be attracted to a magnet; they may or may not possess the property of polarity & may or may not have the power of attracting other magnetic materials. These two definitions lead to the conclusion that all magnets are magnetic materials but not all magnetic materials are magnets.

29. /5 мин./ Парная работа. Обсудите по-английски проблемы, затронутые в задании 28.

Дайте определения магнетизма, магнита, магнитных материа

лов.

30. /5 мин./ Найдите в основном тексте 28 интернациональных слов и переведите их.

31. /2 мин./ а/ Напишите английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний: зарегистрированное наблюдение, он утверждал, притягивали легкие предметы, открыл законы маятника, ускорения тел; многие вещества ведут себя подобно /как/..., приобретают электрические заряды.

б/ Проверьте себя по основному тексту.

32. Внимательно просматривая следующие пары словосочетаний, запишите номера, в которые включены идентичные пары слов. Проверьте себя по ключу. /2 мин./

Model. 1D /different/ or 5S /same/.