Т.Ю.Кущ, М.С.ВоловникАнглийский язык для судовых электромехаников. ENGLISH FOR MARINE ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS. 1986

The fourth class period

26 % 2

In the following sentences insert Infinitives. Compare your results with the text.

1. The regulators permit . .. constant voltage of generators under various amount of load and power factor. 2. This signal is used . .. the alternator voltage if the frequency drops below 95% of nominal frequency.

3. The alternator voltage will . . . automatically in proportion to the frequency. 4. .. . correct load sharing between parallel running alternators, the alternator voltage is made current dependent.

27

Choose a suitable end to complete the

a)

1. The reaction was feared...

2. Lack of oxygen is credited...

3. The scientists found this...

4. We can also write the heat energy absorbed in such a process. ..

5. The mistakes are thought...

6. This fact may be proved...

7. This discovery is certain..,

4

sentences.

to be true for the case

b) to take a different course

c) to make people lose health

d) to be as follows

e) to lead to important results

f) to be neglected

g) to take place at 300°

Listen to paragraphs 1—4, read sentence by sentence and translate them orally in pauses.

29 5

Respond to the questions. Check your answers in the text.

1. What function do AVR serve in all modern marine alternators?

2. How does AVR operate?

3. What is the function of an operational amplifier?

4. What is to be done to obtain low rotation speeds in order to limit the load on the towline?

30 3

Fill in the blanks with suitable words. Compare your results with the text.

1. All modern ship alternators are ... with voltage regulators. 2. We shall speak about voltage regulators for ... alternators. 3. It is necessary for immediate voltage . .. after elimination of short circuit. 4. The alternator voltage is transformed before it is fed to the printed circuit board . . . terminals.

31 3

Make up sentences. Compare your results with the text.

1. alternator, voltage, transform, feed, printed circuit board, terminal.

2. voltage, rectify, feed, operational, amplifier, compare, reference.

3. difference, voltage, amplify, control, trigger, circuit, exciter current.

32 6

Complete the following sentences according to the text. Compare your results with the text.

1. The regulators permit to obtain constant voltage of generators under. .. 2. The difference between the actual voltage and reference value is. . . 3. The electronic circuits are fed from. . . 4. The triggering pulses are transferred to. . . 5. A stabilizing filter ensures... 6. The signal of the frequency measuring circuit is used to reduce the alternator voltage if. ..

33 9

Read the following sentences and point out Gerund, Participle or Infinitive in each of them. Translate them.

1. Locating the fault in the appliance was easy for the properly trained technician. 2. A varying amount of energy is required. 3. To indicate high temperatures is the function of thermocouples. 4. The problem to be discussed in tins paper is entirely new. 5. The accumulator is charged by passing a current through it. 6. He succeeded in solving the problem.

7. Materials conducting electricity are termed conductors. 8. Wishing to find the fault, they examined the device in all its details. 9. The heat loss is taken to be negligible, and is disregarded.

34 10

Give Russian equivalents for the following words and word-combinations. Use a dictionary if necessary. State to what part of speech they belong. Then translate the sentences.

Apart from, according to, by means of, aside from, in consideration, provided, in accordance with, due to, in view of, by virtue of, in order to, on account of.

. 1. Apart from a more general aspect the problem gives rise to more or less special questions. 2. According to the results of recent investigations a new hypothesis has been developed. 3. Large a-c systems can be coupled together by means of a d-c link. 4. Aside from their principal application in distribution of power by means of alternating currents, transformers are used for regulating voltage and for other purposes.

5. In consideration of the low price we might afford to buy several of these instruments provided that they were sufficiently reliable. 6. In accordance with the statements in this paper it was not until 1927 that this discovery was made. 7. We must interpret this phenomenon as due to a chemical rather than' a physical process, since one substance is transformed into another. 8. The new method has been generally introduced in view of its many advantages and in order to raise labour productivity. 9. On account of the importance of the problem, the scientists suggest new solution. 10. When a primary electron approaches an atom it may, by virtue of its electric field, interact with one of the bound electrons.

35 35

Home exercise. Find equivalents to the following Russian word-combinations and use most of them in 5 sentences of your own illustrating the electromagnetic system of the brake.

Короткоходовон электромагнит (1); надеты на втулки со шлицевым соединением и посажены на вал (1); надеты на штыри, укрепленные в корпусе (1); кольцевой сердечник (2); равномерно расположенные, по окружности сердечников (2); приварен к корпусу (2); те же стержни (2); продольное направление (2); усиление пружины (2); устройство ручного растормаживания (3).

Built-in Brakes

1. The series motors are designed for operating with electromagnetical-ly operated brakes. In the operating principle these brakes belong to multidisk brakes actuated by short-stroke electromagnets. Braking results from friction between the rotating disks lined with a friction material and the stationary steel disks. The rotating disks are fitted on bushes keyed to the motor shaft. The stationary disks are fitted on pins secured in the frame.

2. The electromagnetic system of the brake consists of the two annular cores made of wound steel ribbon, and six coils uniformly spaced around the core circumference. One of the cores is stationary and is welded to the frame. The other core is fitted on the same pins as the stationary disks and is capable of moving in the longitudinal direction. Mounted between the frame and the movable core is the main braking spring. The spring force is applied through the movable core to the stationary disks and through the friction surfaces to the rotating disks. The brakes have provisions for manual unbraking, for adjusting the breaking effort through adjustment of the spring force and for adjusting the electromagnet travel to bring it to a normal value as the friction surfaces wear off. In the course of braking the. brake absorbs the energy of the rotating masses. 3. The entire braking energy is distributed between the mechanical brake, the motor and the load.

36 30

Home exercise. Find equivalents to the following Russian word-combinations. In a few words express the main idea of each passage of the text.

Обслуживать спасательные шлюпки (1); регулярные операции по подъему и спуску шлюпок (1); текущие судовые и промысловые работы (1); охрана человеческой жизни на море (2); установлен ряд требований, предъявляемых к шлюпбалкам (2); шлюпочное устройство (3); самовываливание стрел (3); полностью снабженная шлюпка (3); при крене судна 15° на любой борт (3); крен и антикрен (3); шлюпка не касается борта судна (3); заваливание шлюпбалки (3); при стоянке судна на ровном киле (3); спуск подвесок (5); сматывание троса с барабана вручную (5); одноразовый подъем шлюпки (6); ограниченное время (6); при наиболее расчетной нагрузке (6); выдерживать значительную нагрузку по отношению к данным каталога (6).