Т.Ю.Кущ, М.С.ВоловникАнглийский язык для судовых электромехаников. ENGLISH FOR MARINE ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS. 1986

1. I think I’m at the end of my rope. I don’t see any way just at present.

2. I must confess I began at the wrong end. 3. This pipe has a dead end.

4. To have gone off deep end on the strength of this suspicion was such a horrible mistake!. 5. I’m thankful for this invitation of yours. I remember with pleasure our having no end of a time at your place. 6. How is he?— Very low in his mind. But he keeps his end up. 7. He slipped the few odds and ends that he had not packed into his bags. 8. I must tell you that if you see such methods you’ll never gain your ends.

Translate at sight the sentences. Mind Infinitive constructions.

1. A two-winding transformer is known to consist of two coils so arranged that the magnetic lines of forces of one coil pass through the other.

2. If a computer is required to make a calculation or to solve a problem, it has to be fed with the necessary information. 3. Overloaded wires are found to overheat, and if the overload is too great, the rubber and cotton insulation burns up arid then the circuit is readily shorted.

4. For a long time the atom was thought to be indivisible. 5. There is a tendency for these tiny (small) currents to cancel one another out.

6. It will hardly be possible for them to solve this problem. 7. It will be easy for the trained technician to locate the fault. 8. They waited for the experiment to be continued. 9. Automatic control permits this process to be sped up.

In the blanks below insert the proper form of verbs given in Russian in brackets. The text concerns the theory of electron tube.

1. The part of some devices ... in electronic control . . . the electron tube (используемых, является).

2. Like those ... in radios, it ... of a glass or metal envelope that . . . several electrodes (используемым, состоит, включает).

3. The simplest tube . . . the diode, which ... of two electrodes, an anode or plate, and a cathode (есть, состоит).

4. For this tube . . . , it ... necessary that electrons . . . (работала, есть, эмиссировались).

5. This . . . so . . . that it . . . a course of electrons when it . . . (сконструирован, может стать, нагревают).

6..........the electrons (нагревание стремится освободить).

7. Some cathodes . . . like the filament of an incandescent lamp with an . . . coating of a material, which ... a large number of electrons while the filament ... hot (делают, дополнительный высвобождает, есть).

8. The tube......after the . . . material . . . by long use (прекратит

действовать, покрывающий, испарится).

9. Some tubes ... a cathode that ... indirectly (имеют, нагревают).

10. ... useful, the electrons that . . . from the cathode . . . , otherwise they . . . simply . . . around in space or . . . cathode (чтобы быть полезными, испускаются, должны быть собраны, будут разноситься, вернутся).

11. The electrons ... by the anode when it ... a positive charge on it (будут собираться, имеет).

12. The anode ... to the positive terminal of a battery . . . the electrons . . . quickly to the anode and ... a current . . . through the empty space between the anode and cathode (подключается, заставляя, двигаться, заставлять, протекать).

18 15

Ноте exercise. Write a letter to a firm requesting delivery of an electric equipment set. Don’t forget to include all the information concerned. Note that you expect delivery at the specified dates and on usual terms.

19 20

Home exercise. Rephrase the indirect instructions from the text below in a direct way where it is possible.

Model. The megger reading may be well within the prescribed parameters for the motor to be started. — Follow the prescribed parameters of the megger readings while starting the motor.

Be prepared to dwell on the subject with your electrician.

It is interesting to note that a quiz for junior engineers asked the question: “What is the reason for the most frequent cause of breakdowns in electrical equipment?” The answer was: “The failure of insulation due to salt and moisture ingress”.

The ingress of moisture to electrical equipment at certain locations on board ship is almost inevitable.

It follows, therefore, that any piece of electrical repair equipment which can, in the first instance, be used preventively, that is to ensure that motors and cables are kept free of moisture, and, in the second

role, can repair equipment which has been subjected to total flooding, should be a wise investment. Preventive maintenance. The special equipment is designed to resist dampness in electrical equipment by keeping the installation at a temperature a few degrees above its surroundings. This means that any motor present will be removed without damaging the equipment.

The 2 kVA, 400 mmX400 mmX510 mm transformer is normally placed at the main switchboard. It has 8 secondary voltage tappings from 2 to 60 V and current varies from 33 to 220 A. A rectifier supplies d-c for the megger test.

An outlet terminal board has connection for cables from 1.5 to 10 mm 2and a common outlet for larger cables. All these are thermostatically controlled to prevent overheating of insulation. Meters indicate current, resistance and temperature.

For routine checking, resistances in the cold conditions are compared with the reading when a machine is heated up.

The conventional method of testing by a “megger” is done when the motor is at the same temperature as its surroundings. The megger reading may be well within the prescribed parameters for the motor to be started.

This, however, could lead to motor failure as very often considerable difference between resistance at working temperatures compared with the resistance of idle machinery at ambient temperature.

Damage Repair. However much preventive care is taken, accidents will occur, such as flooding, and the machinery becomes totally inoperative.

In such cases it is now almost always possible to repair the damaged motors or cables in-situ.

As a case in point, the Norwegian rig had two of its main pillars flooded with seawater. As a result, there was extensive damage to the steering motors, ballast and seawater pumps, and all associated cables. The pillars were cleared of seawater and all machinery, including cable ends, was washed down with fresh water.

In the initial stages of repair, two such special machines were used to treat the cables and motors for the ballast and seawater pumps. After 24 h, the first seawater pump was dried out and back in full operation and it was decided to increase the number of these machines to five. After 23 days, all ballast and seawater pumps had been satisfactorily treated, as well as over 100 cable courses with diameters ranging from 1.5 mm 2to 240 mm 2.

The alternative method of repair would of course, have meant removing all motors ashore and no doubt the re-installation of some cabling.

* Сушка электрооборудования на месте.

Hometask: Ex. 10, 15, 18, 19.

The third class period

20 3

Listen to the sentences and define in each of them the meaning of the word “spare”.

1. I cannot spare my junior electrician just now. 2. The: spare parts set for the electrical equipment comprises parts and assemblies which can be used for the repairs to be carried out on the ship. 3. When ordering spares, please, quote the type designation and serial number of the machine. 4. Can you spare me some minutes? 5. “Oh, dear, spare me”,— she cried. “I can’t do what you ask me to”.