Robert Service - Spies and Commissars

Anatolia, ref 1

Anet, Claude, ref 1

Anglo-Soviet trade treaty: ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; British terms for, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; negotiations, ref 1, ref 2; timing of, ref 1, ref 2

Antaeus Export and Import Company, ref 1

anti-Bolsheviks: anger at liaison between Reds and Allies, ref 1; in Britain, ref 1, ref 2; coalition of politicians in Russia, ref 1; Congress in Warsaw, ref 1; diplomatic roles, ref 1; majority in Constituent Assembly, ref 1; press reports, ref 1; Provisional Government and, ref 1; Socialist-Revolutionary government, ref 1; see also Volunteer Army; Western Allies; White forces

Antonov, A. S., ref 1

‘April Theses’ (Lenin), ref 1, ref 2

Archangel: Allied occupation of, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; Allied occupation of: and Lockhart, ref 1; Bolshevik plan for German attack on, ref 1, ref 2; British plan to overthrow Soviet in, ref 1; evacuation of Allied troops from, ref 1, ref 2; importance as international port, ref 1

Armand, Inessa, ref 1

Armstrong Whitworth, ref 1

Association Financière, Industrielle et Commerciale Russe, ref 1

Austria: and armistice, ref 1; Army of, ref 1; and blockade of river Danube, ref 1; and Bolshevik propaganda, ref 1; diplomats of, in Petrograd, ref 1; discontent in, ref 1; ex-prisoners of war of, ref 1, ref 2; military and diplomatic contribution to Central Powers, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; and Paris Peace Conference, ref 1; revolutionary outbreaks in, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

Azbuka (White intelligence network), ref 1

Azerbaijan: becomes Soviet republic, ref 1; Congress of the Peoples of the East, ref 1; nationalization of foreign companies, ref 1; oil industry, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

Baden, Max von, ref 1, ref 2

Bagge, John Picton, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

Baker, George Barr, ref 1

Bakhmetev, Boris: ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; access to bank accounts of Provisional Government, ref 1, ref 2

Baku, Azerbaijan: and attracting oil companies back, ref 1; and British oil companies, ref 1; and Congress of Peoples of the East, ref 1; and Council for Propaganda and Action, ref 1; lease of oil fields to foreigners, ref 1; Lenin orders no acceptance of British help, ref 1; and Nobel Oil Company, ref 1; and oil companies and their assets, ref 1; oil output and Germans, ref 1

Baku Consolidated Oilfields, ref 1

Balabanova, Angelika, ref 1

Balfour, A. J.: and the Bolsheviks, ref 1; and Chicherin and Petrov, ref 1; and Churchill, ref 1; and informal intermediaries, ref 1, ref 2; and Kamenev, ref 1; and Litvinov, ref 1; and Lockhart, ref 1, ref 2; and Ukraine, ref 1; in Washington, ref 1

Barbusse, Henri, ref 1

Bashkirov, Vladimir, ref 1

Bauer, Rudolf, ref 1, ref 2

Bavarian Council Republic, ref 1

Beatty, Bessie: background, ref 1; after fall of Provisional Government, ref 1; in Petrograd, ref 1; and Rhys Williams, ref 1; and Russian language, ref 1; and Trotsky, ref 1, ref 2; postscript, ref 1

Beaverbrook, Lord, ref 1, ref 2

Beika, Kristap, ref 1

Benckendorff, Moura (née Zakrevskaya): assistant to Gorki, ref 1, ref 2; and Lockhart, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and Lockhart: correspondence, ref 1; on Ransome, ref 1; postscript, ref 1

Berchtold, Count, ref 1

Berkman, Alexander: deported to Soviet Russia, ref 1; detained by Department of Justice in America, ref 1; John Reed as witness for defence, ref 1; protest about imprisonment of, ref 1; and Soviet authorities, ref 1

Bernstein, Herman, ref 1

Berzin, Eduard, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

Berzin, Yan, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

Bessarabia, ref 1

Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald von, ref 1

Bevin, Ernest, ref 1

Bialostok, ref 1

Birse, Edward, ref 1

Black, Dora, ref 1

Bliss, Tasker, ref 1

Blyumkin, Yakov, ref 1, ref 2

Bohemia in London , ref 1

‘Bolo Liquidation Lunches’, ref 1

Bolsheviks: ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; for and against, ref 1; and America, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5; and America: distrust, ref 1; and America: Finnish Information Bureau, ref 1, ref 2; American Relief Administration, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; Brest-Litovsk treaty, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; and Britain, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8; and Britain: counter-revolutionaries, ref 1; and Britain: seizure of Archangel, ref 1; and Britain: the Lockhart Plot, ref 1; and Britain: trade talks, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7; Central Committee, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7; Central Committee: emergency session, ref 1; Central Committee: power transferred to soviets, ref 1; Comintern and expansionism, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and diplomacy, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; doctrine of, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6; doctrine of: grandiose ideas, ref 1; and Eastern peoples, ref 1; and European revolution, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5; ‘fellow-travellers’, ref 1; and Finnish independence, ref 1; and foreign trade, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3 , ref 4 , ref 5, ref 6; and French agents, ref 1; and Germany, ref 1, ref2 , ref 3, ref 4, ref 5; and Germany: following Armistice with Allies, ref 1; and Germany: help from, ref 1; and Germany: revolution in, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; the Kronstadt mutiny, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; and Marxism, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; and the Mensheviks, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10; military, see Red Army; and Murmansk landings, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; New Economic Policy, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; oil production in Baku, ref 1, ref 2; opposition to, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7; see also Lockhart Plot, the; White forces and Poland, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; propaganda, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6; propaganda: in Russia, ref 1; and the Provisional Government, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and the Provisional Government: demonstrations against, ref 1; and the Provisional Government: overthrown, ref 1; and rail network, ref 1; and Romania, ref 1; and the Romanovs, ref 1; Russian Bureau of, ref 1; and the Russian economy, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; and the Socialist-Revolutionaries, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9; and the Socialist-Revolutionaries: concordat with, ref 1; spreading revolution, ref 1, ref 2; spreading revolution: POWs, ref 1; Stalin as leader, ref 1, ref 2; and subversive activity, ref 1, ref 2; the Tambov peasant revolt, ref 1; view of information, ref 1; and Western sympathisers, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and Western recruits: Sadoul, ref 1; see also Lenin, Vladimir Ilich (Ulyanov); Trotsky, Lev Davidovich

Bolshevik Revolution: Its Rise and Meaning, The (Litvinov), ref 1

Bolshoi Opera, Petrograd, ref 1

Bonar Law, Andrew, ref 1, ref 2

Bonch-Bruevich, Vladimir, ref 1

Bondfied, Margaret, ref 1, ref 2

Botosani, ref 1, ref 2

Boyce, Commander Ernest, ref 1

Boyle, Colonel Joe, ref 1

Bratianu, Ionel, ref 1, ref 2

Breshkovskaya, Yekaterina, ref 1

Brest-Litovsk: peace negotiations, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; treaty, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

Briand, Aristide, ref 1

Bristow, Mrs, ref 1

Britain: ref 1, ref 2; anti-war socialists in, ref 1; and Archangel, ref 1, ref 2; blockade of German ports, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; Bolsheviks in, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; communism, ref 1; diplomacy, ref 1, ref 2; diplomatic links with Russia, ref 1, ref 2; Empire, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; and German U-boat activity, ref 1, ref 2; and ‘Hands off Russia’ movement, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; Labour Party, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8; Labour Party: delegation trip to Volga region, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; the Lockhart plot, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7; and Murmansk, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and political prisoners, ref 1; press, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7; and the Romanovs, ref 1, ref 2; and Russian participation in WW1, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and Russian political refugees, ref 1; Secret Service, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; Secret Service: and Stalin, ref 1; Secret Service: Arthur Ransome, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; Secret Service: George Hill, ref 1, ref 2; Secret Service: Paul Dukes, ref 1; Secret Service: Sidney Reilly, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; support for anti-Bolsheviks, ref 1; trade with Russia, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11; the Triple Entente, ref 1; and Trotsky, ref 1; see also diplomatic roles; Western Allies