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Orshan, Doba Natsionalizmu, 5.

Mykola Mikhnovs’kyi’s Decalogue was a set of rules to police the political, social, and sexual activities of nationalists. Rule 1 stated that a Ukrainian state should reach from the Carpatians to the Caucasus, number 2 that “all people are your brothers, but Muscovites, Poles, Hungarians, Romanians and Jews are the enemies of your people [moskali, liakhy, uhry, rumuny ta zhydy — se vorohy nashoho narodu]. Rule 3 states “Ukraine for the Ukrainians!” Rule 10, which so appealed to Sukhovers’kyi and other nationalist activists, reads: “Do not take a wife of alien stock, since your children will become your enemies; do not find aquaintances among the enemies of our people, as that would give them strength and courage; do not buy from our oppressors as that will make you a traitor.” This nationalist decalogue is still on the Ukrainian Students’ Association — University of Winnipeg (UWUSA) Facebook site: http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=171502843414(accessed March 3, 2011).

Mykola Sukhovers’kyi, Moi spohady (Kyiv: Vydavnytstvo “Smoloskyp,” 1997), 50. Sukhovers’kyi (1913–2008), a native of Bukovyna, worked in Berlin as a liason between the OUN(m) and Nazi Germany during World War II and later settled in Canada. He was the honorary president of the Ukrainian War Veterans association in Edmonton and a leading fi gure in the OUN(m). He worked as a librarian at the University of Alberta where the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Alberta still administers the Celestin and Irena Suchowersky Endowment Funds. Bohdan Klid and Myroslav Yurkevych, CIUS: 30 Years of Excellence/KIUS: 30 Rokiv Uspikhiv, 1976–2006 (Edmonton: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Alberta, 2006), 35.

“Orhanizatsiia Ukrains’kykh Natsionalistiv: Natsiia iak spetsies,” Holovnyi Derzhavnyi Arkhiv Sluzhby Bezpeky Ukrainy (henceforth HDA SBU), f. 13, no. 376, tom 6, l. 1. Undated OUN brochure, no earlier than 1943.

“Orhanizatsiia Ukrains’kykh Natsionalistiv: Rodyna v systemi orhanizavanoho ukrains’koho natsionalizmu,” HDA SBU, f. 13, tom 6,l. 6.

Ibid., f. 13, no. 376, tom 6, l. 7.

“Orhanizatsiia Ukrains’kykh Natsionalistiv: Atomistychna teoriia pro natsiu,” HDA SBU, Fond 13, no. 376, tom 6, l. 4.

Rozbudova Natsii, no. 11–12 (Nov. — Dec. 1930): 265–266, cited by Krzysztof &ada, “Teoria i ludobójcza praktyka ukrai#skiego integralnego nacjonaliymu wobec Polaków, 'ydów i Rosjan w pierwszej po" owie XX wieku,” in Cz. Partacz, B. Polak, and W. Handke, eds., Wo!y" i Ma!opolska Wschodnia 1943–1944 (Koszalin-Leszno: Instytut im. Gen. Stefana Gorta, 2004), 48.

“Z programu szkolenia bojówek OUN z 1935 r.,” Derzhavnyi Arkhiv Rivnenskoii Oblasti (DARO), f. 32, op. 36, spr. 2, l. 22ff. Cited by Ewa Siemaszko, “Przemiany relacji polsko-ukraiskich od po" owylat trzydziestych do II wojny (wiatowej,” Biuletyn instytutu pami#ci narodowej, no. 7–8 (116–117) (July — August 2010): 65, and reprinted in Wiktor Poliszczuk, Nacjonalizm ukrai" ski w dokumentach (czesc 2): Integralny nacjonalizm ukrai" ski jako odmiana faszyzmu. Tom czwarty. Dokumenty z zakresu dzia!a" struktur nacjonaliymu ukrai" skiego w okresie od 1920 do grudnia 1943 roku (Toronto: Viktor Poliszczuk, 2002), 49.

On the OUN’s anti-Semitism, see Marco Carynnyk, “Foes of Our Rebirth: Ukrainian Nationalist Discussions about Jews, 1929–1947,” Nationalities Papers, Vol. 39, No. 3, (May 2011): 315–352; Bruder, “Den Ukrainischen Staat’,” 46–48, 99–101, 166–169; Kurylo, “Jewish Question”; Taras Kurylo and John-Paul Himka [Ivan Khymka], “Iak OUN stavylasia do ievreiv? Rozdumy nad knyzhkoiu Volodymyra V’’iatrovycha Stavlennia OUN do ievre&v: formuvannia pozyti& na tli katastrofy,” Ukra&na Moderna 13 (2008): 252–265.

John-Paul Himka. “War Criminality: A Blank Spot in the Collective Memory of the Ukrainian Diaspora,” Spaces of Identity 5 (2005): 16–17.

O. Mytsiuk, “Ahraryzatsiia zhydivstva za dobu bol’shevyzmu,” Rozbudova Natsi&, no. 7–8 (1933): 180–190, and no. 9–10, 226–235; idem., “Pozaahrarna diial’nist’ zhydiv po svitovii viini,” Rozbudova Natsi&, no. 11–12 (1933): 277–287, cited in Kurylo, “The Jewish Question.”

Ryszard Wysocki, Organizacja Ukrai" skich Nacjonalistów w Polsce w latach 1929–1939: geneza, struktura, program, ideologia (Lublin: Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Sklodowskiej, 2003), 201.

Kurylo, “Jewish Question,” 6, citing Iu. Mylianych, “Zhydy, sionizm i Ukraina,” Rozbudova Natsii, no. 8–9 (1929): 271.

Volodymyr Martynets’, Zhydivs’ka problema v Ukra&ni (London: Williams, Lea & Co., 1938), 10, 14–15.

Ibid., 22.

Kurylo, “Jewish Question,” citing R. O., “Obludnyky humanitaryzmu,” Visnyk no. 1 (1939). No page number provided.

Kurylo, “Jewish Question,” citing M. O. [M. Ostoverkha], “Antysemityzm v Italii,” Visnyk, no. 1 (1938): 712–714.

Kurylo, “Jewish Question.”

Bruder, “Den ukrainischen,” 147. Several pogroms took place in Ukraine in between 1918 and 1920, during which some one hundred fifty thousand Jews were killed, an estimated 53.7 percent by Petluira’s nationalist forces, 17 percent by Denikin’s White Army, and 2.3 percent by the Bolshevik Red Army. Manus I. Midlarsky, The Killing Trap: Genocide in the Twentieth Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 45.

Karel C. Berkhoff and Marco Carynnyk, “The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and Its Attitude towards Germans and Jews: Iaroslav Stets’ko’s 1941 Zhyttiepys,” Harvard Ukrainian Studies 23, no.3–4 (1999): 149–184; Kurylo and Himka “Iak OUN stavylasia do ievreiv?” 252–265; John-Paul Himka, “A Central European Diaspora under the Shadow of World War II: The Galician Ukrainians in North America,” Austrian History Yearbook 37 (2006): 22; Kurylo, “Jewish Question”; H. V. Kasianov, “Ideolohiia OUN: istoryko-retrospektyvnyi analiz,” Ukrains’kyi istorychnyi zhurnal, no. 2 (2004): 38–39.

Karel Berkhoff, Harvest of Despair: Life and Death in Ukraine under Nazi Rule (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2004), 83.

Stanislav Kul’chyts’kyi et al., eds., OUN v 1941 rotsi. Dokumenty. V 2-kh ch. Ch. 1. (Kiev: Instytut Istorii Ukrainy NAN Ukrainy, 2006), 43, citing OUN v svitli postanov Velykykh Zboriv, Konferentsii ta inshykh dokumnetiv z borot’bi 1929–1955 r. [Zakordonni chastyny Orhanizatsii Ukrains’kykh Natsionalistiv] (1955), 24–47.

Kul’chyts’kyi, OUN v 1941 rotsi (2006), 159, 165, citing “Propahadnyvni vkazivky na peredvoennyi chas, na chas viiny i revoliutsii ta na pochatkovi dni derzhanvoho budivnytstva z Instruktsii Revolutsiinoho Provodu OUN (S. Bandery) dlia orhanizatsiinoho aktyvu v Ukraini na period viiny “Borot’ba i diialnist’ OUN pid chas viiny,” Tsentral’nyi Arkhiv Orhaniv Vlady Ukrainy (henceforth TsDAVO Ukrainy), f. 3833, op. 2, spr. 1, ark. 77–89.

Iu. Mylianych, “Zhydy, sionizm i Ukra)na,” 271–276; Devius [D. Dontsov], “Voiuiuchyi sionizm,” Literaturno-naukovyi visnyk, no.10 (1929): 915–918; S. Narizhnyi, “Chuzhi narody v svitli ukrain’skykh prykazok,” Literaturno-naukovyi visnyk, no. 10 (1929): 921–926; Martynets’, Zhydivs’ka problema.