Vadim Birstein - The Perversion of Knowledge

Zhuk, Sergei(1892–1957), hydraulic engineer, one of the main organizers of the slave labor in the USSR. Graduated from Petrograd Institute of Railroad Engineers (1917). Directed the construction of the main large hydroelectric complexes: the White Sea–Moscow Canal, the Volga-Don Complex, etc. (the 1920s–1950s). In 1942, joined the Party and became head of the Gidroproect within the NKVD (in 1957 it was named after him). Academician (1953), major general of Engineering and Technical Services. Received a number of the highest Soviet awards.

Zhukovsky, Semen(1896–1940) joined the NKVD in 1936. Head of the Third (Counterintelligence) Department of the NKVD Main State Security Directorate (GUGB) (1937), head of the GUGB Twelfth (Operational Equipment) Department (1937–1938), deputy NKVD commissar 1938). Arrested on October 23, 1938, tried and shot on January 24, 1940. Rehabilitated in 1955 (Petrov and Skorkin, Kto rukovodil NKVD , pp. 192–193).

Zhupakhin, Sergei(1888–1940) joined the OGPU in 1922. From 1927–1929, head of the Secret Department of the Secret-Operational Directorate of the Leningrad Branch of the OGPU (1927–1929), deputy head of this department (1929–1931), head of the Economic Department of the branch (1931–1932). Arrested on December 14, 1938, tried on May 16, 1940, and shot. Not rehabilitated (Petrov and Skorkin, Kto rukovidil NKVD , p. 193).

Zilber, Lev(1894–1966), microbiologist and virologist, the author of the virus theory of cancer. Graduated from Petrograd University (1917), and from the Medical Faculty of Moscow University (1919). At the Institute of Microbiology under the Commissariat of Health (1920–1929), director of the Microbiology Institute in Baku (Azerbaijan) and chair of the Microbiology Department in the local university (1929–1931). Arrested in 1931, soon released. From 1932, at the Mechnikov Institute of Sera and Vaccines. In 1934, organized the Central Viral Laboratory. In 1937 arrested again on charge of “disseminating encephalitis.” Released in 1939, but arrested for the third time in 1940. Sentenced to imprisonment in labor camps. Part of the term spent in a secret NKVD chemical laboratory, where he was in charge of production of alcohol from reindeer moss. Secretly wrote a manuscript on the virus etiology of cancer. Released in March 1944. Head of the Department of General Immunology and Oncology at the Gamaleya Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology (1946–1966).

1. Yevgeniya Allilueva’s prisoner card (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 171. Prisoner cards from Vladimir Prison).

2. Anna Allilueva’s prisoner card (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 171. Prisoner cards from Vladimir Prison).

3. Molochnikov’s prisoner card No. 1 (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 171. Prisoner cards from Vladimir Prison).

4. Molochnikov’s prisoner card No. 2 (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 171. Prisoner cards from Vladimir Prison).

5. Moroz-Morozov’s prisoner card (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 171. Prisoner cards from Vladimir Prison).

6. Shatunovskaya’s prisoner card (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 171. Prisoner cards from Vladimir Prison).

7. Tumerman’s prisoner card (a shortened version rewritten by V. Danilova in 1990).

8. Levina’s prisoner card (a shortened version rewritten by V. Danilova in 1990).

9. Goldstein’s prisoner card (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 171. Prisoner cards from Vladimir Prison).

10. A letter to Stalin signed by V. Abakumov and S. Ogol’tsov regarding Bureaus Nos. 1 and 2, dated August 4, 1950 (“Special Files” of the Politburo, Archive of the President of the Russian Federation, F. 3. From the materials declassified in 1992 for the Communist Party case).

11. An archival record from the Medical Academy of Sciencies Archive regarding Mairanovsky’s career from 1928–1940, dated January 5, 1962 (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 1, op. 1, d. 2872).

12. A certificate issued by the Bach Institute of Biochemistry regarding Mairanovsky dated June 10, 1934 (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 1, op. 1, d. 2872).

13. A certificate issued by the KGB confirming Mairanovsky’s employment by the NKVD/MGB from 1938–1951 and his arrest in 1951, dated January 22, 1962 (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 1, op. 1, d. 2872).

14. An archival excerpt from a transcript of a meeting of the Scientific Council on October 20, 1943, of the VIEM regarding the approval of Mairanovsky’s title as professor, dated July 3, 1963 (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 1, op. 1, d. 2872).

15. A certificate No. 82061 issued by Vladimir Prison regarding Mairanovsky’s imprisonment, dated December 13, 1961 (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 1, op. 1, d. 2872).

16. Mairanovsky’s prisoner card No. 1 (from the file of Vladimir Prison).

17. Mairanovsky’s prisoner card No. 2 (from the file of Vladimir Prison).

18. Eitingon’s prisoner card (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 171. Prisoner cards from Vladimir Prison).

19. Liberman’s prisoner card (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 171. Prisoner cards from Vladimir Prison).

20. Clauberg’s prisoner card (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 171. Prisoner cards from Vladimir Prison).

21. Zeiss’s prisoner card (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 171. Prisoner cards from Vladimir Prison).

22. Sudoplatov’s prisoner card (Memorial’s Archive [Moscow], fond 171. Prisoner cards from Vladimir Prison).

23. Parin’s prisoner card (a shortened version rewritten by V. Danilova in 1990).

1. Last Name: Prisoner 22

2. Name: female

3. Patronymic Name: —

4. Year of birth: 1898

5. Place of birth: —

6. Address: —

7. Profession (speciality): —

8. Place of work, position: —

9. Party membership: —

10. Nationality: a Russian

11. Citizenship: USSR

12. Date of the arrest: —

13. Type of crime: —

14. Paragraphs of the UK [Criminal Code]: —

15. Place of the fulfillment of the card (mention the prison, KPZ [police station], camp, colony):—

June 8, 1948 Person who filled out the card: V. Danilova

Organ (in charge of the arrest): —

No. of the Case: 858

[Nos. of the Corpus-Nos. of the Vladimir Prison cell, date of the transfer]

2–13 2–32; July 22, 1948

1–63; July 7, 1949

2–30; August 27, 1949

2–24; October 22, 1949

2–18

2–37; January 6, 1950

1–70; September 13, 1950

2–37; September 29, 1950

3–34; September 27, 1951

2–39; December 4, 1951

Convicted by: Special Council [OSO] under the MGB

Date: May 29, 1948

Paragraphs of the UK [Criminal Code]: 58–1a, 58–10 pt. 1, 58–11

Term: 10 TZ [years of imprisonment]

Beginning of the term: October 10, 1947

End of the term: October 10, 1957

Following the order of the MVD leaders from April 27, 1953, on April 29, 1953 [the prisoner] left for Inner [Lubyanka] Prison of the MVD in Moscow

On the top: Category 70, especially dangerous

1. Last Name: Prisoner 23

2. Name: —

3. Patronymic Name: —

4. Year of birth: 1896

5. Place of birth: —

6. Address: —