Уэйд Грэхем: Dream Cities. 7 урбанистических идей, которые сформировали мир

24. http://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/corbuweb/morpheus.aspx?sysId=13&IrisObjectId=6159&sysLanguage=en-en&itemPos=2&itemCount=2&sysParentName=Home&sysParentId=65.

25. Ibid.

26. Ibid.

27. Le Corbusier, City of Tomorrow and Its Planning , 96.

28. Le Corbusier, The Radiant City (New York: the Orion Press, 1967), 148–152.

29. Ibid.

30. Birksted, Le Corbusier and the Occult , 19, 21, 24–25; Cohen, Future of Architecture , 48, 57, 127.

31. Inaki Abalos and Juan Herreros, Tower and Office: From Modernist Theory to Contemporary Practice (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2003), 16–19.

32. Jencks, Le Corbusier and the Tragic View , 120.

33. Bacon, Le Corbusier in America , 3.

34. Le Corbusier, The City of Tomorrow and Its Planning , 76.

35. Le Corbusier, City of Tomorrow , 45, 76.

36. Evenson, Le Corbusier , 29.

37. Ibid.

38. Bacon, Le Corbusier in America , 26.

39. Ibid., 159.

40. Fogelson, Downtown: Its Rise and Fall, 1880–1950 , 325.

41. Ibid., 345.

42. Ibid., 340.

43. Samuel Zipp, Manhattan Projects: The Rise and Fall of Urban Renewal in Cold War New York (New York: Oxford University Press, 2010), 15.

44. To New Horizons (General Motors film, 1940), 19:30.

45. Fogelson, Downtown , 348.

46. Ibid., 350.

47. John R. Short, Alabaster Cities: Urban U.S. Since 1950 (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2006), 79–80.

48. Zipp, Manhattan Projects , 112.

49. Ibid, 78.

50. Ibid., 101.

51. Short, Alabaster Cities , 20.

52. Fogelson, Downtown , 271.

53. Ibid., 278.

54. Ibid., 278.

55. Hilary Ballon and Kenneth T. Jackson, eds. Robert Moses and the Modern City: The Transformation of New York (New York: W. W. Norton, 2007), 124–125.

56. Ibid., 124.

57. Ibid., 97.

58. Robert Caro, The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the Fall of New York (New York: Knopf, 1974), 849.

59. Ballon and Jackson, eds. Robert Moses and the Modern City , 97.

60. Ibid., 102.

61. Ibid., 47–49.

62. Ibid., 108.

63. Short, Alabaster Cities , 21–22.

64. Marshall Berman, «Falling», in Beaumont and Dary, Restless Cities , 128.

Глава 4: Усадьбы

1. Patrick J. Meehan, ed., Truth Against the World: Frank Lloyd Wright Speaks for an Organic Architecture (Washington, DC: Preservation Press, 1992), 343.

2. Ibid.

3. Aged 67 in 1935, he was best known: Fishman, Urban Utopias in the 20th Century , 94.

4. Meehan, Truth Against the World , 345.

5. Ibid.

6. Ibid.

7. Myron A. Marty, Communities of Frank Lloyd Wright: Taliesin and Beyond (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2009), 159.

8. Meehan, Truth Against the World , 345.

9. Fishman, Urban Utopias , 129.

10. Ibid., 110.

11. Frank Lloyd Wright, «Broadacre City: A New Community Plan» (1935), in Frank Lloyd Wright: Essential Texts , ed. Robert Twombly (New York: W. W. Norton, 2009), 261.

12. Alvin Rosenbaum, Usonia: Frank Lloyd Wright’s Design for America (Washington, DC: Preservation Press, National Trust for Historic Preservation, 1993), 87.

13. Meehan, Truth Against the World , 345.

14. Wright, Broadacre City , 260.

15. Meehan, Truth Against the World , 345.

16. Wright, Broadacre City , 262.

17. Ibid., 260–261.

18. Hall, Cities of Tomorrow , 89.

19. Fishman, Urban Utopias , 135.

20. Ibid., 123.

21. Twombly, Frank Lloyd Wright: Essential Texts (New York: W. W. Norton, 2009), 259.

22. Frank Lloyd Wright, Autobiography, When Democracy Builds (New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1943).

23. Ibid., 40–41.

24. Ibid.

25. «The greatest architect of the 19th century»: Rosenbaum, Usonia , 75.

26. with whom she had two children: Ibid., 39.

27. Donald Leslie Johnson, Frank Lloyd Wright Versus America: the 1930s (Cam bridge, MA: MIT Press, 1990), 6.

28. Bruce Brooks Pfeiffer and Gerald Nordland, eds., Frank Lloyd Wright in the Realm of Ideas (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1988), 166.

29. Fishman, Urban Utopias , 118—19.

30. Ibid., 119.

31. Johnson, Frank Lloyd Wright Versus America , 9.

32. Ibid.

33. Johnson, Frank Lloyd Wright Versus America , 55.

34. Pfeiffer and Nordland, Frank Lloyd Wright in the Realm of Ideas , 109.

35. Johnson, Frank Lloyd Wright Versus America, 158–159.

36. Pfeiffer and Nordland, Frank Lloyd Wright in the Realm of Ideas , 51.

37. Meryle Secrest, Frank Lloyd Wright: A Biography (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998), 156.

38. Johnson, Frank Lloyd Wright Versus America , 61, 63, 64.

39. Ibid., 177.

40. Ibid., 141, 147.

41. «Plan by Frank Lloyd Wright», in City Residential Development: Studies in Planning (University of Chicago Press, May 1916). Marty, Communities of Frank Lloyd Wright , 167.

42. Marty, Communities of Frank Lloyd Wright ., 166.

43. Johnson, Frank Lloyd Wright Versus America , 129.

44. Rosenbaum, Usonia , 65.

45. Johnson, Frank Lloyd Wright Versus America , 110.

46. Marty, Communities of Frank Lloyd Wright , 161–162.

47. Johnson, Frank Lloyd Wright Versus America , 112.

48. Ibid., 115.

49. Marty, Communities of Frank Lloyd Wright , 159.

50. Ibid, 163.

51. Pfeiffer and Nordland, Frank Lloyd Wright in the Realm of Ideas , 150.

52. Ibid., 89.

53. Rosenbaum, Usonia , 26–27.

54. Ibid., 99.

55. Ibid, 71, 73.

56. Ibid., 48.

57. Hall, Cities of Tomorrow , 275.

58. Johnson, Frank Lloyd Wright Versus America , 134.

59. Joseph Oldenburg, «Ford Homes Historic District History», http://www.fordhomes.org/fhhd_history.pdf.

60. Rosenbaum, Usonia , 55–57.

61. Johnson, Frank Lloyd Wright Versus America , 137.

62. Ibid.

63. Rosenbaum, Usonia , 92.

64. Ibid., 124.

65. Marty, Communities of Frank Lloyd Wright , 165.

66. Rosenbaum, Usonia, 143.

67. Rosenbaum, Usonia , 143.

68. Marty, Communities of Frank Lloyd Wright , 165.

69. Fishman, Urban Utopias , 95.

70. (Stephen Alexander) Rosenbaum, Usonia , 120.

71. Pfeiffer and Nordland, Frank Lloyd Wright in the Realm of Ideas , 159–160.

72. Rosenbaum, Usonia , 133.

73. Ibid., 180.

74. Ibid., 183.

75. Richard Longstreth, The Drive-in, the Supermarket, and the Transformation of Commercial Space in Los Angeles, 1914–1941 (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999), 134.

76. Greg Hise, Magnetic Los Angeles: Planning the Twentieth Century Metropolis (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997), 129.

77. «The Economic Development of Southern California, 1920–1976», in The Aerospace Industry as the Primary Factor in the Industrial Development of Southern California: The Instability of the Aerospace Industry, and the Effects of the Region’s Dependence on It , vol. 1 (Los Angeles: City of Los Angeles, Office of the Mayor: June 1976), 5–6.

78. Becky Nicolaides, «Where the Working Man is Welcomed»: Working-Class

Suburbs in Los Angeles, 1900–1940», in Looking for Los Angeles: Architecture, Film, Photography, and the Urban Landscape , ed. Charles Salas and Michael Roth (Los Angeles: Getty Research Institute, 2001), 76, 77.