Jeremy Scahill - Dirty Wars

ISAF in, 459

and JSOC, detainee operations in, 331

and JSOC, HVT list in, 331, 333

and JSOC, night raids in, 331, 334 (see also Gardez raid/massacre)

and mujahedeen-Soviet war, 34, 62, 215

and Obama/Obama administration, 258, 282, 284

secret US prisons in, 25–26

SOF night raids in, 347–348

and Special Ops/CIA reassigned to Iraq, 139

suicide bombers/bombings in, 412

Taliban in, 328

US counterinsurgency and covert war in, escalation of, 330–331

US counterinsurgency in, 328–331

US dead in, 348

US Field Detention Sites in, 331

US global kill list doctrine/night raids/snatch operations in, 330, 332–334

US surge in, 328–329

See also Bagram Air Base

AFOs. See Advance Force Operations

African Security Research Project, 298

African Union forces, US-backed, and al Shabab in Somalia, 272–273, 277

African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), 227, 272–273, 396–397, 477

and al Shabab, 475–476, 488, 490, 491

and al Shabab, and base bombing, 298–299

and Burundian-led force in Daynile, against al Shabab, 492

CIA support for, 475

and civilian casualties, 474

and private security companies, 485, 486

and Saracen International, 485

AFRICOM (United States Africa Command), 236, 298, 483

Afridi, Shakil, 436, 459

Aftergood, Steven, 99

Ahadi, Shahyesta Jan, 338–339

Ahdal, Muhammad Hamdi al-, 130

Ahlu Sunna Wal Jama (ASWJ), 478–480, 488

Ahmar, Ali Mohsin al-, 431

Ahmed, Shirwa, 271

AIAI. See Al Itihaad al Islamiya

Aidid, Mohamed Farrah, 55, 125

Akbar, Hasan, 240

Al-Aulaqi v. Obama, 391–392

Al Hazmi, Nawaf, 37, 40

Al Itihaad al Islamiya (AIAI), 121–122, 196, 199

Al Mohaya housing compound, Laban Valley, 130

Al Qaeda, 3, 13–14, 284, 471

in Afghanistan, 6, 328

in Africa, 139

and Al Mohaya housing compound, Laban Valley, bombing, 130

and al Shabab, 196–197, 199–200, 223

and al Shabab, alliance between, in Somalia, 393–394

and attacks in Marib Province, 230–231

and Awlaki, Anwar, 67, 361–363

and covert action, expansion of, 259–260

and covert action, oversight of, 16–17

in East Africa, 125, 295, 487, 491

and Ethiopian occupation of Somalia, 225–226

expansion of, 281

and Fazul, 198–200

and Houthi rebellion, 131–132

and ICU, 207, 209

and JSOC, 53

and lethal authority, 5, 18, 22–23

in Liberia, 139

and Majalah massacre rally, hijacking of, 311

in Mesopotamia, 113

and Nairobi bombings, 198, 199

and Obama, 248, 255–257, 320–321

in Pakistan, 114, 217–218, 255–256

and post-Iraq invasion presence, 141–142

and recruitment, and jihad in Somalia, 228–229

and recruitment, and US targeted killings/drone strikes, 494

and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, bombing, 130

and Saleh, Ali Abdullah, alliance between, 62, 210–214

in Saudi Arabia, 130, 278–279

and Siad, Yusuf Mohammed, 192, 224

in Somalia, 122–123, 139, 223, 255–256

Somalia-based cell ( see Al Shabab)

and US-backed Ethiopian invasion of Somalia, and ICU, 205, 209

in Yemen, 62, 64, 65, 66, 210–214, 235–237, 255–256, 257, 268, 269, 304–305

in Yemen, recruitment of, 358

in Yemen, resurgence of, 130–133

See also Iraq and 9/11–Saddam and al Qaeda connection; Militant organizations

Al Qaeda in Iraq (AQI), 113, 143–144

Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), 210

and Abdulmutallab, Umar Farouk, 318, 319–320

and Ansar al Sharia, 460–461, 462, 464

and bomb plot against US, 389–391

formal designation as “Foreign Terrorist Organization,” 324

and Inspire magazine, 377–381

and Khan, Samir, 375–381

and Obama administration, 321

retaliatory attacks, 356, 359

and Saleh and Kappes, meeting between, 259–260

Saudi and Yemeni members of, 254–255

support for, and drone strikes, 467–468

support for, and US strikes in Yemen, 464

threat posed by, 468

in Yemen, 214, 258–260, 262–263, 269, 281, 284, 298, 323–324, 386–389

and Yemeni Special Operations, 387–389

and Yemeni tribal system, 465–467

See also Militant organizations

Al Qaeda leaders, 298

hunt for, 139, 167 (see also Assassination operations)

location of, 114

See also individual leaders; Terrorist leaders

Al Qaeda Network Execute Order (AQN ExOrd), 170, 283

Al Shabab in Somalia (Harakat al Shabab al Mujahideen, or The Youth), 204–205, 298, 474

and African Union forces, US-backed, 272–273

and al Qaeda, 196–197, 199–200, 223

and al Qaeda, alliance between, 393–394

American Muslims as members of, 270–272

and AMISOM, 475–476, 488, 490, 491

and AMISOM base bombing, 298–299

assassinations by, 200

and ASWJ, 479–480, 488

and Burundian-led AMISOM force in Daynile, 492

cemetery desecrations by, 200

and Djibouti Agreement, 227

as dominant group in Somalia, 270

and Ethiopian occupation of Somalia, 224, 225, 226

and funding and fighters from US, 396

and Hammami, 270–271

and ICU, 196, 209

and JSOC, 276–277, 490

and Madobe, 394–395

and Mogadishu, 277

and Mogadishu, massive strike in, 491–492

and piracy, 482, 483

political efforts of, 492–493

and Ramadan offensive, 396–397

and Salahuddin Center, 200

and Shamo Hotel bombing, 300–301

and Siad, Yusuf Mohammed, 196–197, 224

and Somalia, control in, 227–229

and Somalia, insurgency in, 224–226, 227

and suicide bombers/bombings, 206, 223, 225, 271, 272, 277, 294, 299, 397, 474, 488

support for, and US strikes, 393, 493, 494

tactical retreat of, 491

and Uganda, World Cup fan bombings in, 395

underground operations of, 489–490

and US-backed Ethiopian invasion, 209, 298

and US citizens, recruitment of, 297

and US designation as terrorist organization, 226

and US strikes against, 475

weakened state of, 487–488, 490–491

See also Militant organizations

Al Shabab leaders, 298. See also individual leaders

Al Shifa factory bombing, in Sudan, 126

Albright, Madeleine, 126

Alec Station, 176

Ali, Abdirahman “Aynte,” 471, 472–473, 474

and al Shabab, 200, 229, 489

and Djibouti Agreement, 227

and Ethiopian occupation of Somalia, 225, 226

and ICU, and US-backed Ethiopian invasion of Somalia, 208

and ICU, in Somalia, 203, 204–205

and warlords, Somali, 194–195, 196

Ali, F. B., 417–418, 428

Ali, Qamar Aden, 300

Ali, Zine El Abidine Ben, 430

Alimi, Rashad al-, 312, 313, 323

Allawi, Ayad, 165

Allen, Charles, 18, 238

Allende, Salvador, 10

Alliance for the Restoration of Peace and Counterterrorism, 120, 193

Almasmari, Hakim, 324

Alternative Compartmentalized Control Measures (ACCMs), 251

Ambinder, Marc, 176, 275

American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)

and targeted assassinations against US citizen, and Awlaki lawsuit against Obama, 368–373, 392

and targeted killings/drone strikes, legality of, 517

American Enterprise Institute, 12, 261

American Muslims, 270–272. See also Awlaki, Anwar; Hasan, Nidal Malik; Khan, Samir

American suicide bombers, 271, 396

AMISOM. See African Union Mission in Somalia

Ammerman, Wade, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74

Amnesty International

and bin Laden, killing of, 451–452